feat(views): allow views without a table

lib/Activity/ActivityManager.php

@@ -158,6 +158,10 @@ private function createEvent(string $objectType, Row2|Table|View|Column $object,
 			$objectTitle = $object->getTitle();
 			$table = $object;
 		} elseif ($object instanceof View) {
+			if ($object->isStandalone()) {
+				// activities are attached to a table, a view without one has no stream
+				return null;
+			}
 			$objectTitle = $object->getTitle();
 			$table = $this->tableMapper->find($object->getTableId());
 		} elseif ($object instanceof Row2) {
@@ -434,6 +438,9 @@ private function sendShareEventToUsers(IEvent $event, Row2|Table|View|Column $ob
 		}
 
 		$tableId = $object instanceof Table ? $object->getId() : $object->getTableId();
+		if ($tableId === null) {
+			return;
+		}
 		$table = $object instanceof Table ? $object : $this->tableMapper->find($tableId);
 		$tableOwner = $table->getOwnership();
 		$eventAuthor = $event->getAuthor();

lib/Constants/ViewUpdatableParameters.php

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ enum ViewUpdatableParameters: string {
 	case COLUMN_SETTINGS = 'columns';
 	case TECHNICAL_NAME = 'technicalName';
 	case SIDEBAR_ORDER = 'sidebarOrder';
+	case TYPE = 'type';
 	case LAYOUT = 'layout';
 	case VIEW_SETTINGS = 'viewSettings';
 }

lib/Db/Row2Mapper.php

@@ -768,6 +768,11 @@ private function parseEntities(IResult $result, array $sleeves): array {
 	 * @throws InternalError
 	 */
 	public function isRowInViewPresent(int $rowId, View $view, string $userId): bool {
+		if ($view->isStandalone()) {
+			// A view without a table holds no rows. Federated views read their rows through the
+			// federation proxy, not here.
+			return false;
+		}
 		return in_array($rowId, $this->getWantedRowIds($userId, $view->getTableId(), $view->getFilterArray()));
 	}
 
@@ -1033,6 +1038,11 @@ public function countRowsForTables(array $tableIds): array {
 	 * @return int
 	 */
 	public function countRowsForView(View $view, string $userId): int {
+		if ($view->isStandalone()) {
+			// A view without a table holds no rows. Federated views read their rows through the
+			// federation proxy, not here.
+			return 0;
+		}
 		$filter = $view->getFilterArray();
 
 		if (empty($filter)) {

lib/Db/View.php

@@ -32,8 +32,10 @@
  * @method setTitle(string $title)
  * @method getTechnicalName(): string
  * @method setTechnicalName(?string $technicalName)
- * @method getTableId(): int
- * @method setTableId(int $tableId)
+ * @method getTableId(): ?int
+ * @method setTableId(?int $tableId)
+ * @method getType(): string
+ * @method setType(string $type)
  * @method getColumns(): string
  * @method setColumns(string $columns)
  * @method getColumnSettings(): string
@@ -80,6 +82,10 @@
  * @method setSidebarOrder(?int $sidebarOrder)
  */
 class View extends EntitySuper implements JsonSerializable {
+	public const TYPE_TABLE = 'table';
+	public const TYPE_GRID = 'grid';
+	public const TYPES = [self::TYPE_TABLE, self::TYPE_GRID];
+
 	protected ?string $uuid = null;
 	protected ?string $title = null;
 	protected ?string $technicalName = null;
@@ -94,6 +100,7 @@ class View extends EntitySuper implements JsonSerializable {
 	protected ?string $columns = null; // json
 	protected ?string $sort = null; // json
 	protected ?string $filter = null; // json
+	protected ?string $type = null;
 	protected ?string $layout = null;
 	protected ?string $viewSettings = null; // json
 
@@ -224,6 +231,31 @@ public function setFilterArray(array $array):void {
 		$this->setFilter(\json_encode($array));
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * @return 'table'|'grid'
+	 */
+	public function getTypeOrDefault(): string {
+		return $this->type === self::TYPE_GRID ? self::TYPE_GRID : self::TYPE_TABLE;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * A view of its own, such as a grid view: it has no table and is not a federated view,
+	 * which has no local table either.
+	 */
+	public function isStandalone(): bool {
+		return $this->tableId === null && $this->externalId === null;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * A view inherits its ownership from its table; a standalone view is owned by its creator.
+	 */
+	public function getOwnership(): ?string {
+		if ($this->ownership === null && $this->isStandalone()) {
+			return $this->createdBy;
+		}
+		return $this->ownership;
+	}
+
 	public function getLayoutNormalized(): string {
 		return ViewLayout::normalize($this->layout)->value;
 	}
@@ -248,7 +280,7 @@ public function jsonSerialize(): array {
 			'technicalName' => $this->technicalName,
 			'description' => $this->description,
 			'emoji' => $this->emoji,
-			'ownership' => $this->ownership ?: '',
+			'ownership' => $this->getOwnership() ?: '',
 			'createdBy' => $this->createdBy ?: '',
 			'createdAt' => $this->createdAt ?: '',
 			'lastEditBy' => $this->lastEditBy ?: '',
@@ -264,6 +296,7 @@ public function jsonSerialize(): array {
 			'ownerDisplayName' => $this->ownerDisplayName,
 			'isFederated' => $this->isFederated(),
 			'sidebarOrder' => $this->sidebarOrder,
+			'type' => $this->getTypeOrDefault(),
 			'layout' => $this->getLayoutNormalized(),
 			'viewSettings' => $this->getViewSettingsObject()->jsonSerialize(),
 		];

lib/Db/ViewMapper.php

@@ -89,6 +89,24 @@ public function findMany(array $ids): array {
 		return $result;
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Views that live without a table and belong to the given user. Federated views have no
+	 * table either, so they are left out by their external id.
+	 *
+	 * @return View[]
+	 * @throws Exception
+	 */
+	public function findAllStandaloneOwnedBy(string $userId): array {
+		$qb = $this->db->getQueryBuilder();
+		$qb->select('*')
+			->from($this->table)
+			->where($qb->expr()->isNull('table_id'))
+			->andWhere($qb->expr()->isNull('external_id'))
+			->andWhere($qb->expr()->eq('created_by', $qb->createNamedParameter($userId, IQueryBuilder::PARAM_STR)))
+			->orderBy('id', 'ASC');
+		return $this->findEntities($qb);
+	}
+
 	public function findByExternalIdAndToken(int $externalId, string $shareToken): ?View {
 		$qb = $this->db->getQueryBuilder();
 		$qb->select('*')
@@ -134,7 +152,7 @@ public function findAll(?int $tableId = null): array {
 		$qb = $this->db->getQueryBuilder();
 		$qb->select('v.*', 't.ownership')
 			->from($this->table, 'v')
-			->innerJoin('v', 'tables_tables', 't', 't.id = v.table_id');
+			->leftJoin('v', 'tables_tables', 't', 't.id = v.table_id');
 
 		if ($tableId !== null) {
 			$qb->where($qb->expr()->eq('v.table_id', $qb->createNamedParameter($tableId, IQueryBuilder::PARAM_INT)));
@@ -239,16 +257,19 @@ public function findIdToTitleMap(array $ids): array {
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * @throws DoesNotExistException
-	 * @throws Exception
 	 * @throws MultipleObjectsReturnedException
+	 * @throws Exception
 	 */
 	public function findByUuid(string $uuid): ?View {
 		$qb = $this->db->getQueryBuilder();
 		$qb->select('v.*', 't.ownership')
 			->from($this->table, 'v')
-			->innerJoin('v', 'tables_tables', 't', 't.id = v.table_id')
+			->leftJoin('v', 'tables_tables', 't', 't.id = v.table_id')
 			->where($qb->expr()->eq('v.uuid', $qb->createNamedParameter($uuid)));
-		return $this->findEntity($qb);
+		try {
+			return $this->findEntity($qb);
+		} catch (DoesNotExistException) {
+			return null;
+		}
 	}
 }

lib/Federation/FederationProvider.php

@@ -153,7 +153,11 @@ private function buildNodeForFederationShare(ICloudFederationShare $share, array
 			$node->setLayout(self::layoutFromMetaData($metaData));
 		}
 
-		if (property_exists($node, 'uuid')) {
+		if ($node instanceof View) {
+			// Every proxy view gets its own uuid: a view's uuid is unique, and one view can be
+			// federated to several users on the same instance
+			$node->setUuid(null);
+		} elseif (property_exists($node, 'uuid')) {
 			$node->setUuid($metaData['uuid'] ?? null);
 		}
 

lib/Listener/UserDeletedListener.php

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 
 use OCA\Tables\Errors\InternalError;
 use OCA\Tables\Service\TableService;
+use OCA\Tables\Service\ViewService;
 use OCP\EventDispatcher\Event;
 use OCP\EventDispatcher\IEventListener;
 use OCP\User\Events\BeforeUserDeletedEvent;
@@ -20,6 +21,7 @@
 class UserDeletedListener implements IEventListener {
 	public function __construct(
 		private readonly TableService $tableService,
+		private readonly ViewService $viewService,
 		private readonly LoggerInterface $logger,
 	) {
 	}
@@ -41,5 +43,12 @@ public function handle(Event $event): void {
 			$this->logger->debug('tables for the deleted user removed');
 		} catch (InternalError) {
 		}
+
+		// views without a table belong to their creator, so they go with the user
+		try {
+			$this->viewService->deleteAllStandaloneOwnedBy($event->getUser()->getUID());
+		} catch (InternalError) {
+			// logged by the service
+		}
 	}
 }

lib/Migration/Version2400Date20261012000000.php

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Nextcloud GmbH and Nextcloud contributors
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+ */
+
+namespace OCA\Tables\Migration;
+
+use Closure;
+use OCP\DB\ISchemaWrapper;
+use OCP\DB\Types;
+use OCP\Migration\IOutput;
+use OCP\Migration\SimpleMigrationStep;
+use Override;
+
+/**
+ * Views get a type (table, grid). table_id is already nullable for federated views
+ * (Version2203Date20260821000000), so a view without a table needs no schema change.
+ */
+class Version2400Date20261012000000 extends SimpleMigrationStep {
+	#[Override]
+	public function changeSchema(IOutput $output, Closure $schemaClosure, array $options): ?ISchemaWrapper {
+		/** @var ISchemaWrapper $schema */
+		$schema = $schemaClosure();
+
+		if ($schema->hasTable('tables_views')) {
+			$table = $schema->getTable('tables_views');
+			if (!$table->hasColumn('type')) {
+				$table->addColumn('type', Types::STRING, [
+					'notnull' => true,
+					'default' => 'table',
+					'length' => 16,
+				]);
+			}
+		}
+
+		return $schema;
+	}
+}

lib/Migration/Version2400Date20261013000000.php

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+/**
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Nextcloud GmbH and Nextcloud contributors
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
+ */
+
+namespace OCA\Tables\Migration;
+
+use Closure;
+use OCA\Tables\Vendor\Symfony\Component\Uid\Uuid;
+use OCP\DB\ISchemaWrapper;
+use OCP\DB\QueryBuilder\IQueryBuilder;
+use OCP\IDBConnection;
+use OCP\Migration\IOutput;
+use OCP\Migration\SimpleMigrationStep;
+use Override;
+
+/**
+ * A view's uuid is unique on its own, also for views without a table: the index on
+ * (table_id, uuid) does not hold when table_id is null, so it gives way to an index on uuid alone.
+ * Imports and federated proxy views used to keep the uuid of their source, so views that share
+ * one get a fresh uuid first; a local view keeps its own.
+ */
+class Version2400Date20261013000000 extends SimpleMigrationStep {
+	public function __construct(
+		private readonly IDBConnection $connection,
+	) {
+	}
+
+	#[Override]
+	public function preSchemaChange(IOutput $output, Closure $schemaClosure, array $options): void {
+		$select = $this->connection->getQueryBuilder();
+		$select->select('id', 'uuid', 'external_id')
+			->from('tables_views')
+			->where($select->expr()->isNotNull('uuid'))
+			->orderBy('id', 'ASC');
+		$result = $select->executeQuery();
+		$rows = [];
+		while ($row = $result->fetchAssociative()) {
+			$rows[] = $row;
+		}
+		$result->closeCursor();
+
+		// A local view keeps its uuid; a federated proxy that copied it from its source gets a fresh one
+		usort($rows, static fn (array $a, array $b): int => [$a['external_id'] !== null, (int)$a['id']] <=> [$b['external_id'] !== null, (int)$b['id']]);
+		$seen = [];
+		$duplicateIds = [];
+		foreach ($rows as $row) {
+			if (isset($seen[$row['uuid']])) {
+				$duplicateIds[] = (int)$row['id'];
+				continue;
+			}
+			$seen[$row['uuid']] = true;
+		}
+
+		$update = $this->connection->getQueryBuilder();
+		$update->update('tables_views')
+			->set('uuid', $update->createParameter('uuid'))
+			->where($update->expr()->eq('id', $update->createParameter('id')));
+		foreach ($duplicateIds as $id) {
+			$update->setParameter('uuid', Uuid::v7()->toRfc4122());
+			$update->setParameter('id', $id, IQueryBuilder::PARAM_INT);
+			$update->executeStatement();
+		}
+		if ($duplicateIds !== []) {
+			$output->info(count($duplicateIds) . ' views got a fresh uuid because another view already used theirs');
+		}
+	}
+
+	#[Override]
+	public function changeSchema(IOutput $output, Closure $schemaClosure, array $options): ?ISchemaWrapper {
+		/** @var ISchemaWrapper $schema */
+		$schema = $schemaClosure();
+
+		if ($schema->hasTable('tables_views')) {
+			$table = $schema->getTable('tables_views');
+			if (!$table->hasIndex('tables_views_uuid_only_uniq')) {
+				$table->addUniqueIndex(['uuid'], 'tables_views_uuid_only_uniq');
+			}
+			// The uuid-only index covers the old (table_id, uuid) one
+			if ($table->hasIndex('tables_views_uuid_uniq')) {
+				$table->dropIndex('tables_views_uuid_uniq');
+			}
+		}
+
+		return $schema;
+	}
+}