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Multicycle RISC-V Processor Design

This project implements a multicycle RISC-V processor core using SystemVerilog. The design focuses on efficient hardware utilization by breaking instruction execution into multiple clock cycles and sharing functional units like the ALU and Memory.

Key Features

  • Architecture: Multicycle (Non-pipelined)
  • Supported Instructions: R-type (add, sub, and, or, slt), I-type (addi, lw), S-type (sw), and B-type (beq).
  • Technology: SystemVerilog, simulated using Questa/ModelSim.
  • Verification: Waveform-based verification for each execution state.

Project Structure

  • top.sv: The top-level module connecting the controller and datapath.
  • controller.sv: FSM-based control unit managing execution states (Fetch, Decode, Execute, etc.).
  • alu.sv: Arithmetic Logic Unit for core operations.
  • datapath.sv: Internal routing, registers, and multiplexer logic.

Simulation Output

Below is the full execution waveform proving the correct processing of the instruction set.

Output Waveform

Execution Flow & Step Control

The step controller ensures that each micro-operation is completed within its designated clock cycle. The state transitions are monitored to verify the accuracy of the multi-cycle flow.

Step Control 1

Step Control 2

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