Prefix-only builtins (sea, sqlite, test, test/reporters) resolve bare, shadowing npm packages #10410

Found by the Node compat matrix on Windows (#10385 / PR #10403), which flagged
sea, sqlite, test and test/reporters as perry-extra — resolved by
Perry, unresolved by Node.

The bug

These are Node's prefix-only builtins. Node deliberately does not expose
them under their bare names because those are live npm package names. Measured
on the pinned oracle (Node 26.5.1):

sea             builtinModules:false  bare=MODULE_NOT_FOUND   node:sea=resolves
sqlite          builtinModules:false  bare=MODULE_NOT_FOUND   node:sqlite=resolves
test            builtinModules:false  bare=MODULE_NOT_FOUND   node:test=resolves
test/reporters  builtinModules:false  bare=MODULE_NOT_FOUND   node:test/reporters=resolves

Perry claims all of them, so a project with a test or sqlite dependency gets
Perry's builtin instead of the package it asked for. test and sqlite are
both real, popular npm packages.

An attempted fix that does NOT work

Gating is_native_module / is_native_module_with_externals on a
PREFIX_ONLY_BUILTINS list — return false when the name is in the list and the
path does not start with node: — was tried in PR #10403 and reverted
(255e5d98e, reverted by b3adf5f17). Unit tests passed; the end-to-end matrix
showed it was a net regression:

So it broke node:sea and node:sqlite, which previously worked, and did not
fix bare test at all.

Two things that implies, and which a real fix has to account for:

1. Some caller normalises before calling. If is_native_module is reached
   with the node: prefix already stripped, a gate keyed on the prefix being
   present cannot distinguish the two forms and wrongly rejects the prefixed
   one. The prefix decision has to happen where the original specifier is still
   intact — at the import-resolution site, not in the predicate.
2. Bare test resolves through a different path. It survived the gate
   entirely, so is_native_module is not the only mechanism claiming these
   names. test/reporters is not even in NATIVE_MODULES, yet the matrix
   reports it as perry-extra, which points the same way.

Reproduce

PERRY_BIN=<...>/target/perry-dev/perry.exe node scripts/node_compat_matrix.mjs --module sea,sqlite,test

Clear target/perry-auto-* first and rebuild perry.exe after any compiler
source edit (#10404).