Sync MCP server version with binary version

[minorityre]

What does this PR do?

Fixes the MCP initialize response so serverInfo.version comes from the same version source used by the binary instead of a hard-coded 0.10.0 string.

This also initializes the shared CLI version state from CBM_VERSION during startup, so release builds stamped with scripts/build.sh --version ... report the same version through --version, update checks, and MCP initialize.

Checklist

• Every commit is signed off (git commit -s) - required, CI rejects unsigned commits (DCO, see CONTRIBUTING.md)
• Tests pass locally (make -f Makefile.cbm test) - not run: this Windows environment has no make/gcc, and WSL fails to mount its distro VHDX.
• Lint passes (make -f Makefile.cbm lint-ci) - not run for the same local toolchain limitation.
• New behavior is covered by a test (reproduce-first for bug fixes)

Local checks run:

• git diff --check -- src/main.c src/mcp/mcp.c tests/test_mcp.c