From 8759ee6287cbf4cb01fd7f94d05bae87064ee726 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Thu, 23 Apr 2026 19:04:48 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 01/46] Tidying up with Claude

---
 core/builder/context/context.py             |  7 +++-
 core/builder/context/quantities/constant.py |  2 +-
 core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py | 44 +++++++++------------
 core/builder/convertor.py                   |  3 +-
 core/builder/renderer.py                    |  4 +-
 modules/naboj/builder/venue.py              |  5 ++-
 6 files changed, 31 insertions(+), 34 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/builder/context/context.py b/core/builder/context/context.py
index ba50fa79..d8305012 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/context.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/context.py
@@ -4,15 +4,18 @@
 import pprint
 import yaml
 
-from typing import Any, Self, Optional
+from typing import Any, Self, Optional, TypeVar
 from pathlib import Path
-from enschema import Schema, SchemaError
+from enschema import Schema, SchemaError, Regex
 
 from core.utilities import colour as c
 
 log = logging.getLogger('dgs')
 
 
+ValidIdentifier = Regex(r'[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*]')
+
+
 class Context(abc.ABC):
     _defaults: dict[str, Any] = {}      # Defaults for every instance
     _schema: Optional[Schema] = None       # Validation schema for the context, or None if it is not to be validated
diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/constant.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/constant.py
index 5f11abca..94e2b45b 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/constant.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/constant.py
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ def full_exact(self):
 
     @property
     def full_approx(self):
-        return self._format(self.approximate(self.digits))
+        return self.approximate(self.digits)._format(f'{self.digits}g')
 
     def __str__(self):
         return self.full
diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
index be6f1ed7..b935e9d1 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 import math
 import numbers
 import re
-from typing import Optional, Self
+from typing import Optional, Self, Callable, Union, Any
 
 import numpy as np
 import pint
@@ -39,35 +39,29 @@ def construct(magnitude, unit, **kwargs):
         """
         return PhysicsQuantity(u.Quantity(magnitude, unit), **kwargs)
 
-    def __add__(self, other):
+    def _binop(self, other, op: Callable[[Self, Union[Self, numbers.Number, u.Quantity]], Any]) -> Self:
         if isinstance(other, PhysicsQuantity):
-            return PhysicsQuantity(self._quantity + other._quantity)
-        elif isinstance(other, numbers.Number):
-            return PhysicsQuantity(self._quantity + other)
+            return PhysicsQuantity(op(self._quantity, other._quantity))
+        elif isinstance(other, numbers.Number) or isinstance(other, pint.registry.Quantity):
+            return PhysicsQuantity(op(self._quantity, other))
         else:
-            raise TypeError(f"Cannot __add__ with {type(other)} ({other})")
+            raise TypeError(f"Cannot perform {op} with {type(other)} ({other})")
+
+
+    def __add__(self, other):
+        return self._binop(other, operator.add)
 
     def __radd__(self, other):
         return self + other
 
     def __sub__(self, other):
-        if isinstance(other, PhysicsQuantity):
-            return PhysicsQuantity(self._quantity - other._quantity)
-        elif isinstance(other, numbers.Number):
-            return PhysicsQuantity(self._quantity - other)
-        else:
-            raise TypeError(f"Cannot __sub__ with {type(other)} ({other})")
+        return self._binop(other, operator.sub)
 
     def __rsub__(self, other):
         return -(self - other)
 
     def __mul__(self, other):
-        if isinstance(other, PhysicsQuantity):
-            return PhysicsQuantity(self._quantity * other._quantity)
-        elif isinstance(other, numbers.Number):
-            return PhysicsQuantity(self._quantity * other)
-        else:
-            return NotImplemented
+        return self._binop(other, operator.mul)
 
     def __rmul__(self, other):
         return self * other
@@ -76,12 +70,7 @@ def __pow__(self, exponent):
         return PhysicsQuantity(self._quantity ** exponent)
 
     def __truediv__(self, other):
-        if isinstance(other, PhysicsQuantity):
-            return PhysicsQuantity(self._quantity / other._quantity)
-        elif isinstance(other, numbers.Number) or isinstance(other, pint.registry.Quantity):
-            return PhysicsQuantity(self._quantity / other)
-        else:
-            raise TypeError(f"Cannot __truediv__ type {type(other)} ({other})")
+        return self._binop(other, operator.truediv)
 
     def __rtruediv__(self, other):
         return PhysicsQuantity(other / self._quantity)
@@ -140,7 +129,7 @@ def to(self, what):
         return PhysicsQuantity(self._quantity.to(what), symbol=self._symbol, si_extra=self.si_extra)
 
     def simplify(self):
-        return PhysicsQuantity(self._quantity.to_base_units())
+        return PhysicsQuantity(self._quantity.to_base_units(), symbol=self._symbol, si_extra=self.si_extra)
 
     def sin(self):
         return PhysicsQuantity(np.sin(self._quantity))
@@ -170,13 +159,14 @@ def approximate(self, digits: int):
         Note that this representation might not be exact due to machine precision,
         and will have to be passed through `format` again to render correctly.
         """
+        assert digits > 0 and isinstance(digits, int), \
+            "Digits must be a positive integer"
         if self._quantity.magnitude == 0:
             logarithm = 1
         else:
             logarithm = math.floor(math.log10(abs(self._quantity.magnitude)))
 
         precision = digits - logarithm - 1
-        #magnitude = math.trunc(self._quantity.magnitude * (10 ** precision) + 0.5) / (10 ** precision)
         magnitude = round(self._quantity.magnitude, precision)
         return PhysicsQuantity(u.Quantity(magnitude, self._quantity.units), symbol=self._symbol, si_extra=self.si_extra)
 
@@ -318,6 +308,8 @@ class QuantityList:
     def __init__(self,
                  *qs: PhysicsQuantity):
         # First, try to force same units everywhere. If it works, good, if it does not, a pint error will be raised.
+        assert len(qs) > 0, \
+            f"{self.__class__.__name__} must have at least one quantity"
         self.qs = [q.to(qs[0].unit) for q in qs]
 
         self.si_extra = functools.reduce(operator.or_, [q.si_extra for q in self.qs])
diff --git a/core/builder/convertor.py b/core/builder/convertor.py
index 7a5bd89e..994e8f6f 100644
--- a/core/builder/convertor.py
+++ b/core/builder/convertor.py
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ class Convertor:
             RegexReplacement(r'\\bottomrule\\noalign\{}\n\\endlastfoot',
                              r'\\endlastfoot',
                              purpose="Remove bottom rule from endlastfoot (moved to end of table)"),
-            # Claude's fix for missing bottom rules
+            # Claude's fix for missing bottom rules (currently does not do anything)
             RegexReplacement(r'\\end{longtable}',
                              r'\\end{longtable}',
                              purpose="Restore missing bottom rule"),
@@ -108,6 +108,7 @@ class Convertor:
             RegexReplacement(r"^@L\s*(.*)$", r"", purpose="Remove LaTeX-only lines"),
             RegexReplacement(r"^@H\s*(.*)$", r"\g<1>", purpose="Keep HTML-only tag"),
             RegexReplacement(r"^@T([Oo][Dd][Oo])?\s*(.*)$", r"TODO: \g<2>", purpose="Replace TODO tag"),
+            # FixMe: These two are harmful workarounds of downstream problems
             RegexReplacement(r"\\qty", r"\\SI", purpose="Revert to old siunitx syntax for old failing web"),
             RegexReplacement(r"\\unit", r"\\si", purpose="Revert to old siunitx syntax for old failing web"),
         ],
diff --git a/core/builder/renderer.py b/core/builder/renderer.py
index adc11e4e..73d7be64 100755
--- a/core/builder/renderer.py
+++ b/core/builder/renderer.py
@@ -99,9 +99,9 @@ class StandaloneContext(FileContext):
     """
     _schema = Schema({
         'id': str,
-        Opt('values'): dict[str, Or(str, float, int, PhysicsConstant)],  # Values
+        Opt('values'): dict[ValidIdentifier, Or(str, float, int, PhysicsConstant)],  # Values
         # Equations have to be strings, 'eq' and 'const' are reserved
-        Opt('eq'): dict[And(str, lambda x: x != 'eq' and x != 'const', Regex(r'^[a-z][a-zA-Z0-9_]+$')), str],
+        Opt('eq'): dict[And(ValidIdentifier, lambda x: x != 'eq' and x != 'const', Regex(r'^[a-z][a-zA-Z0-9_]+$')), str],
     })
 
 
diff --git a/modules/naboj/builder/venue.py b/modules/naboj/builder/venue.py
index 2c7b3d93..cd26c375 100644
--- a/modules/naboj/builder/venue.py
+++ b/modules/naboj/builder/venue.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Optional
 
 import core.builder.jinja as jinja
 from modules.naboj.builder.builder import BuilderNaboj
@@ -31,8 +32,8 @@ def path(self) -> tuple:
     def language_path(self) -> tuple:
         return self.args.competition, f'{self.args.volume:02d}', 'languages', self.context.data['language']['id']
 
-    def build_templates(self):
-        super().build_templates()
+    def build_templates(self, *, new_name: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        super().build_templates(new_name=new_name)
         language_renderer = jinja.StaticRenderer(Path('/home/kvik/dgs/source/naboj') / Path(*self.language_path()))
 
         for template in self.language_templates:

From e52ce52e2a95eaa8742aee140c75f10f863f2733 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Thu, 23 Apr 2026 20:17:57 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 02/46] Fixed one more bug

---
 core/builder/context/context.py             | 4 ++--
 core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/builder/context/context.py b/core/builder/context/context.py
index d8305012..1e92724e 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/context.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/context.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 import pprint
 import yaml
 
-from typing import Any, Self, Optional, TypeVar
+from typing import Any, Self, Optional
 from pathlib import Path
 from enschema import Schema, SchemaError, Regex
 
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 log = logging.getLogger('dgs')
 
 
-ValidIdentifier = Regex(r'[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*]')
+ValidIdentifier = Regex(r'^[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*$')
 
 
 class Context(abc.ABC):
diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
index b935e9d1..4eb8d032 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
@@ -310,8 +310,8 @@ def __init__(self,
         # First, try to force same units everywhere. If it works, good, if it does not, a pint error will be raised.
         assert len(qs) > 0, \
             f"{self.__class__.__name__} must have at least one quantity"
-        self.qs = [q.to(qs[0].unit) for q in qs]
 
+        self.qs = [q.to(qs[0].unit) for q in qs]
         self.si_extra = functools.reduce(operator.or_, [q.si_extra for q in self.qs])
 
     def __format__(self, fmt: str):

From 0d3cf21d963bfc1e21a6f108fae14515a450758d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Thu, 23 Apr 2026 21:31:50 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 03/46] Vibecoding frenzy

---
 core/builder/context/quantities/constant.py |   8 +-
 core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py |  62 ++--
 core/builder/convertor.py                   |   2 +-
 core/builder/jinja.py                       |   5 +-
 core/builder/renderer.py                    |   2 +-
 core/cli.py                                 |   2 +-
 core/latex/math.tex                         |   4 +-
 core/tests/test_quantities.py               | 386 ++++++++++++++++++++
 8 files changed, 439 insertions(+), 32 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/constant.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/constant.py
index 94e2b45b..ba94f200 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/constant.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/constant.py
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ def format(self, fmt: str = None):
         elif fmt is None:
             fmt = f'.{self.digits}g'
 
-        return self._format(fmt)
+        return format(self, fmt)
 
     @property
     def approx(self):
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ def approx(self):
     def _full(self, kind: str, precision: int = None) -> str:
         if precision is None:
             precision = self.digits
-        return self._format(f'.{precision}{kind}')
+        return f'{self:.{precision}{kind}}'
 
     def fullf(self, precision: int = None) -> str:
         """ Full, with f formatting """
@@ -54,11 +54,11 @@ def fullg(self, precision: int = None) -> str:
 
     @property
     def full_exact(self):
-        return self._format('99g')
+        return f'{self:99g}'
 
     @property
     def full_approx(self):
-        return self.approximate(self.digits)._format(f'{self.digits}g')
+        return f'{self.approximate(self.digits):{self.digits}g}'
 
     def __str__(self):
         return self.full
diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
index 4eb8d032..62d4426a 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
@@ -82,10 +82,23 @@ def __neg__(self):
         return PhysicsQuantity(-self._quantity)
 
     def __str__(self):
-        return self._format('g')
+        return format(self, 'g')
 
     def __format__(self, fmt):
-        return self._format(fmt)
+        """
+        Format the quantity as a siunitx command (\\num or \\qty).
+        The format spec is forwarded to the underlying magnitude formatting:
+        empty spec prints the magnitude with Python's default for its type
+        (plain decimal for ints, repr-like for floats), which is usually
+        what callers want for verbatim output. Pass 'g', '.3f' etc. for
+        specific formatting.
+        """
+        fragments = self.format_struct(fmt=fmt)
+        cmd = fragments['cmd']
+        si_extra = self.format_si_extra(self.si_extra)
+        magnitude = f"{{{fragments['magnitude']}}}"
+        unit = f"{{{fragments['unit']}}}" if fragments['unit'] else ''
+        return rf'\{cmd}{si_extra}{magnitude}{unit}'
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return f"{self.__class__.__name__} ({self._quantity})"
@@ -152,6 +165,12 @@ def log(self):
     def degrees(self):
         return PhysicsQuantity(np.degrees(self._quantity))
 
+    def ceil(self):
+        return PhysicsQuantity(np.ceil(self._quantity))
+
+    def floor(self):
+        return PhysicsQuantity(np.floor(self._quantity))
+
     def approximate(self, digits: int):
         """
         Return an approximate value of the constant (not just formatted output, but truly rounded).
@@ -197,15 +216,6 @@ def format_si_extra(si_extra) -> str:
         siextraf = f'[{siextraf}]' if len(siextraf) >= 1 else siextraf
         return siextraf
 
-    def _format(self, fmt: str = 'g'):
-        """Return a formatted string representation, by default a `g` one."""
-        fragments = self.format_struct(fmt=fmt)
-        cmd = fragments['cmd']
-        si_extra = self.format_si_extra(self.si_extra)
-        magnitude = f"{{{fragments['magnitude']}}}"
-        unit = '' if fragments['unit'] is None else f"{{{fragments['unit']}}}"
-        return rf'\{cmd}{si_extra}{magnitude}{unit}'
-
     @property
     def full(self):
         r"""
@@ -219,7 +229,7 @@ def full(self):
         ```
         as \qty{1.23e-6}{\kilo\gram}.
         """
-        return self._format()
+        return f'{self:g}'
 
     @property
     def equals(self) -> str:
@@ -241,14 +251,14 @@ def equals_float(self, precision: Optional[int]) -> str:
         Full form with symbol and equal sign,
         `<symbol> = <full>`
         """
-        return rf"{self._symbol} = {self._format(f'.{precision}f')}"
+        return rf"{self._symbol} = {self:.{precision}f}"
 
     def equals_general(self, precision: Optional[int]) -> str:
         """
         Full form with symbol and equal sign,
         `<symbol> = <full>`
         """
-        return rf"{self._symbol} = {self._format(f'.{precision}g')}"
+        return rf"{self._symbol} = {self:.{precision}g}"
 
 
 def construct_quantity(magnitude, unit, *, symbol: Optional[str] = None):
@@ -281,9 +291,14 @@ def __format__(self, fmt: str):
         si_extraf = PhysicsQuantity.format_si_extra(self.si_extra)
         minf = f"{{{minr['magnitude']}}}"
         maxf = f"{{{maxr['magnitude']}}}"
-        unitf = f"{{{minr['unit']}}}"
 
-        cmd = 'qtyrange'
+        # Use \numrange for dimensionless quantities, \qtyrange otherwise.
+        if minr['unit']:
+            cmd = 'qtyrange'
+            unitf = f"{{{minr['unit']}}}"
+        else:
+            cmd = 'numrange'
+            unitf = ''
         return rf'\{cmd}{si_extraf}{minf}{maxf}{unitf}'
 
     def widen(self, value: float) -> Self:
@@ -297,7 +312,7 @@ def widen(self, value: float) -> Self:
         return QuantityRange(self.minimum * (1 - value), self.maximum * (1 + value))
 
     def __str__(self):
-        return self.__format__('g')
+        return format(self, 'g')
 
 
 class QuantityList:
@@ -310,20 +325,25 @@ def __init__(self,
         # First, try to force same units everywhere. If it works, good, if it does not, a pint error will be raised.
         assert len(qs) > 0, \
             f"{self.__class__.__name__} must have at least one quantity"
-
         self.qs = [q.to(qs[0].unit) for q in qs]
+
         self.si_extra = functools.reduce(operator.or_, [q.si_extra for q in self.qs])
 
     def __format__(self, fmt: str):
-        cmd = 'qtylist'
         fqs = [q.format_struct(fmt) for q in self.qs]
         self.magnitudes = ';'.join([fq['magnitude'] for fq in fqs])
 
-        unitf = f"{{{fqs[0]['unit']}}}"
         si_extraf = PhysicsQuantity.format_si_extra(self.si_extra)
         magf = f'{{{self.magnitudes}}}'
 
+        # Use \numlist for dimensionless quantities, \qtylist otherwise.
+        if fqs[0]['unit']:
+            cmd = 'qtylist'
+            unitf = f"{{{fqs[0]['unit']}}}"
+        else:
+            cmd = 'numlist'
+            unitf = ''
         return rf'\{cmd}{si_extraf}{magf}{unitf}'
 
     def __str__(self):
-        return self.__format__('g')
\ No newline at end of file
+        return format(self, 'g')
diff --git a/core/builder/convertor.py b/core/builder/convertor.py
index 994e8f6f..60d3ca8f 100644
--- a/core/builder/convertor.py
+++ b/core/builder/convertor.py
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ def call_pandoc(self):
             "--to", self.output_format,
             "--filter", "pandoc-crossref",
             "-M", f"crossrefYaml=build/core/i18n/{self.locale_code}.yaml",
-            "--filter", "pandoc-include",
+            #"--filter", "pandoc-include",
             "-M", f"include-entry={Path(self.infile.name).parent}/",
             "-M", f"rewrite-path=false",
             "--filter", "pandoc-minted",
diff --git a/core/builder/jinja.py b/core/builder/jinja.py
index 6417116b..006b1a3c 100644
--- a/core/builder/jinja.py
+++ b/core/builder/jinja.py
@@ -185,6 +185,7 @@ def __init__(self, **kwargs):
             'eg': latex.equals_general,
             'w': QuantityRange.widen,
             'widen': QuantityRange.widen,
+            'mag': PhysicsQuantity.mag,
         } |
         self.__generate_format_functions(numbers.format_float, 'f') |
         self.__generate_format_functions(numbers.format_general, 'g') |
@@ -207,8 +208,8 @@ def __init__(self, **kwargs):
             'acos': np.acos,
             'atan': np.atan,
             'atan2': np.atan2,
-            'ceil': np.ceil,
-            'floor': np.floor,
+            'ceil': PhysicsQuantity.ceil,
+            'floor': PhysicsQuantity.floor,
             'sqrt': lambda x: (x ** 0.5),
             'cbrt': np.cbrt,
             'rad': np.radians,
diff --git a/core/builder/renderer.py b/core/builder/renderer.py
index 73d7be64..5869d4f9 100755
--- a/core/builder/renderer.py
+++ b/core/builder/renderer.py
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 from enschema import Schema, Optional as Opt, Or, And, Regex
 
 from core import cli
-from core.builder.context.context import Context
+from core.builder.context.context import Context, ValidIdentifier
 from core.builder.context.file import FileContext
 from core.builder.context.quantities.math import MathObject
 from core.builder.jinja import MarkdownJinjaRenderer
diff --git a/core/cli.py b/core/cli.py
index 64ab56da..96a977d8 100644
--- a/core/cli.py
+++ b/core/cli.py
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ def run(self) -> None:
 
     def fail(self, e):
         log.error(f"{c.err('convert: failure on ')}{c.path(self.args.infile.name)}: {e}")
-        sys.exit(1)
+        raise e
 
     def success(self):
         if self.args.verbose:
diff --git a/core/latex/math.tex b/core/latex/math.tex
index c4cd7c02..172cb533 100644
--- a/core/latex/math.tex
+++ b/core/latex/math.tex
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@
 \NewDocumentCommand{\Paren}{m}{\dgs_paren@*{#1}}
 \NewDocumentCommand{\Abs}{m}{\dgs_abs@*{#1}}
 % Shorthands for floor and ceiling functions
-\NewDocumentCommand{\Floor}{m}{\dgs_floor@{#1}}
-\NewDocumentCommand{\Ceil}{m}{\dgs_ceil@{#1}}
+\NewDocumentCommand{\Floor}{m}{\dgs_floor@*{#1}}
+\NewDocumentCommand{\Ceil}{m}{\dgs_ceil@*{#1}}
 
 % List of differentials
 \NewDocumentCommand{\cdiff}{O{,} m m}{\dgs_split_diff:nnn {#1} {#2} {#3}}
diff --git a/core/tests/test_quantities.py b/core/tests/test_quantities.py
index 5194f0b7..3cd01486 100644
--- a/core/tests/test_quantities.py
+++ b/core/tests/test_quantities.py
@@ -99,3 +99,389 @@ def test_lengths(self, length1, length2):
     def test_incommensurate(self, length1, mass2):
         with pytest.raises(pint.errors.DimensionalityError):
             _ = QuantityList(length1, mass2)
+
+
+# --- Metadata propagation ------------------------------------------------
+#
+# Physical reasoning: a "symbol" names a specific quantity and does not
+# compose under arithmetic (c - 1000 km/s is not c). Same for si_extra:
+# formatting directives attached to one quantity should not silently propagate
+# to a derived one. Operations that yield the *same* quantity in a different
+# form (unit conversion, simplification, rounding) do preserve metadata.
+
+
+class TestMetadataPreserved:
+    """Operations that yield the same quantity must keep symbol and si_extra."""
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def labelled(self):
+        return PhysicsQuantity.construct(
+            5000, 'gram', symbol='m', si_extra={'round-mode': 'figures'},
+        )
+
+    def test_to_preserves(self, labelled):
+        converted = labelled.to('kg')
+        assert converted.symbol == 'm'
+        assert converted.si_extra == {'round-mode': 'figures'}
+
+    def test_simplify_preserves(self, labelled):
+        simplified = labelled.simplify()
+        assert simplified.symbol == 'm'
+        assert simplified.si_extra == {'round-mode': 'figures'}
+
+    def test_approximate_preserves(self, labelled):
+        approx = labelled.approximate(2)
+        assert approx.symbol == 'm'
+        assert approx.si_extra == {'round-mode': 'figures'}
+
+
+class TestMetadataDropped:
+    """Operations that yield a *new* quantity must drop symbol and si_extra."""
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def labelled(self):
+        return PhysicsQuantity.construct(
+            5, 'kg', symbol='m', si_extra={'round-mode': 'figures'},
+        )
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def other(self):
+        return PhysicsQuantity.construct(3, 'kg', symbol='n')
+
+    def test_add_drops(self, labelled, other):
+        result = labelled + other
+        assert result.symbol is None
+        assert result.si_extra == {}
+
+    def test_sub_drops(self, labelled, other):
+        result = labelled - other
+        assert result.symbol is None
+        assert result.si_extra == {}
+
+    def test_mul_drops(self, labelled, other):
+        result = labelled * other
+        assert result.symbol is None
+        assert result.si_extra == {}
+
+    def test_truediv_drops(self, labelled, other):
+        result = labelled / other
+        assert result.symbol is None
+        assert result.si_extra == {}
+
+    def test_neg_drops(self, labelled):
+        result = -labelled
+        assert result.symbol is None
+        assert result.si_extra == {}
+
+    def test_pow_drops(self, labelled):
+        result = labelled ** 2
+        assert result.symbol is None
+        assert result.si_extra == {}
+
+    def test_scalar_mul_drops(self, labelled):
+        """Multiplying by a plain number is still a new quantity."""
+        result = labelled * 2
+        assert result.symbol is None
+        assert result.si_extra == {}
+
+    def test_sin_drops(self):
+        import numpy as np
+        angle = PhysicsQuantity.construct(
+            np.pi / 2, 'radian', symbol=r'\theta',
+            si_extra={'round-mode': 'figures'},
+            )
+        result = angle.sin()
+        assert result.symbol is None
+        assert result.si_extra == {}
+
+    def test_log_drops(self):
+        q = PhysicsQuantity.construct(
+            2.718, '', symbol='x', si_extra={'round-mode': 'figures'},
+        )
+        result = q.log()
+        assert result.symbol is None
+        assert result.si_extra == {}
+
+    def test_degrees_drops(self):
+        import numpy as np
+        angle = PhysicsQuantity.construct(
+            np.pi, 'radian', symbol='a', si_extra={'round-mode': 'figures'},
+        )
+        result = angle.degrees()
+        assert result.symbol is None
+        assert result.si_extra == {}
+
+
+# --- Pint interop --------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class TestPintInterop:
+    """Binary ops with bare pint.Quantity operands must stay in the PhysicsQuantity world."""
+
+    def test_mul_with_pint_quantity(self):
+        from pint import UnitRegistry as u
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5, 'kg')
+        v = u.Quantity(2, 'meter / second')
+        result = m * v
+        assert isinstance(result, PhysicsQuantity), (
+            f"expected PhysicsQuantity, got {type(result).__name__}"
+        )
+
+    def test_truediv_with_pint_quantity(self):
+        from pint import UnitRegistry as u
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5, 'kg')
+        v = u.Quantity(2, 'meter / second')
+        result = m / v
+        assert isinstance(result, PhysicsQuantity)
+
+    def test_add_with_plain_number_errors(self):
+        """5 kg + 3 is a dimensionality error, not a silent pass-through."""
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5, 'kg')
+        with pytest.raises(pint.errors.DimensionalityError):
+            _ = m + 3
+
+
+# --- Approximate rounding ------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class TestApproximate:
+    """Sanity checks on `approximate()` rounding."""
+
+    def test_positive_digits_required(self):
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(123.456, 'kg')
+        with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
+            m.approximate(0)
+
+    def test_negative_digits_rejected(self):
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(123.456, 'kg')
+        with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
+            m.approximate(-1)
+
+    def test_non_integer_digits_rejected(self):
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(123.456, 'kg')
+        with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
+            m.approximate(2.5)
+
+    def test_symmetric_around_zero(self):
+        """Positive and negative magnitudes must round symmetrically."""
+        pos = PhysicsQuantity.construct(1.55, 'kg').approximate(2).mag
+        neg = PhysicsQuantity.construct(-1.55, 'kg').approximate(2).mag
+        assert pos == -neg, f"asymmetric rounding: {pos} vs {neg}"
+
+    def test_zero_magnitude(self):
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(0.0, 'kg')
+        assert m.approximate(3).mag == 0.0
+
+    def test_significant_figures_one(self):
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(123.456, 'kg')
+        assert m.approximate(1).mag == 100.0
+
+    def test_significant_figures_three(self):
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(123.456, 'kg')
+        assert m.approximate(3).mag == 123.0
+
+
+# --- Range guardrails ----------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class TestRangeGuardrails:
+    """Ranges with invalid bounds should be rejected at construction."""
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def m1(self):
+        return PhysicsQuantity.construct(1, 'kg')
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def m3(self):
+        return PhysicsQuantity.construct(3, 'kg')
+
+    @pytest.mark.xfail(reason="swapped endpoints currently accepted silently")
+    def test_swapped_endpoints_rejected(self, m1, m3):
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            QuantityRange(m3, m1)
+
+    def test_widen_sane(self, m1, m3):
+        r = QuantityRange(m1, m3).widen(0.1)
+        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(0.9)
+        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(3.3)
+
+    @pytest.mark.xfail(reason="widen(value>=1) produces negative minimum")
+    def test_widen_out_of_range_rejected(self, m1, m3):
+        with pytest.raises((ValueError, AssertionError)):
+            QuantityRange(m1, m3).widen(1.5)
+
+    def test_widen_identity(self, m1, m3):
+        """widen(0) returns an equivalent range."""
+        r = QuantityRange(m1, m3).widen(0)
+        assert r.minimum.mag == 1
+        assert r.maximum.mag == 3
+
+
+# --- si_extra clash detection --------------------------------------------
+
+
+class TestSiExtraClash:
+    """
+    When two quantities with conflicting si_extra keys are combined into a
+    QuantityRange or QuantityList, the conflict should be surfaced rather
+    than silently resolved.
+    """
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def m_figures(self):
+        return PhysicsQuantity.construct(1, 'kg', si_extra={'round-mode': 'figures'})
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def m_places(self):
+        return PhysicsQuantity.construct(2, 'kg', si_extra={'round-mode': 'places'})
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def m_plain(self):
+        return PhysicsQuantity.construct(3, 'kg')
+
+    def test_range_compatible_keys_merge(self, m_figures, m_plain):
+        """Non-conflicting si_extra should merge cleanly."""
+        r = QuantityRange(m_figures, m_plain)
+        assert r.si_extra == {'round-mode': 'figures'}
+
+    def test_list_compatible_keys_merge(self, m_figures, m_plain):
+        ql = QuantityList(m_figures, m_plain)
+        assert ql.si_extra == {'round-mode': 'figures'}
+
+    @pytest.mark.xfail(reason="si_extra conflicts in QuantityRange are currently silent (last-wins)")
+    def test_range_conflicting_keys_raises(self, m_figures, m_places):
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="round-mode"):
+            QuantityRange(m_figures, m_places)
+
+    @pytest.mark.xfail(reason="si_extra conflicts in QuantityList are currently silent (last-wins)")
+    def test_list_conflicting_keys_raises(self, m_figures, m_places):
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="round-mode"):
+            QuantityList(m_figures, m_places)
+
+
+# --- QuantityList edge cases ---------------------------------------------
+
+
+class TestQuantityListEdgeCases:
+    def test_empty_rejected(self):
+        with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
+            QuantityList()
+
+    def test_single_element(self):
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5, 'kg')
+        assert rf'{QuantityList(m)}' == r'\qtylist{5}{\kilo\gram}'
+
+    def test_unit_of_first_wins(self):
+        """
+        QuantityList coerces all elements to the first element's unit.
+        Note: pint's conversion may change int→float, so '1' becomes '1.0'
+        when it is the result of a conversion rather than a literal.
+        """
+        g = PhysicsQuantity.construct(1000, 'gram')
+        kg = PhysicsQuantity.construct(1, 'kilogram')
+        assert rf'{QuantityList(g, kg)}' == r'\qtylist{1000;1000.0}{\gram}'
+        assert rf'{QuantityList(kg, g)}' == r'\qtylist{1;1.0}{\kilo\gram}'
+
+
+# --- Formatting ----------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class TestFormatting:
+    def test_dimensionless_uses_num(self):
+        d = PhysicsQuantity.construct(3.14, '')
+        assert str(d).startswith(r'\num{')
+
+    def test_dimensionless_has_no_trailing_braces(self):
+        """\num{3.14} is the correct form; \num{3.14}{} has a stray empty group."""
+        d = PhysicsQuantity.construct(3.14, '')
+        assert str(d) == r'\num{3.14}'
+
+    def test_dimensionless_range_uses_numrange(self):
+        a = PhysicsQuantity.construct(0.1, '')
+        b = PhysicsQuantity.construct(0.5, '')
+        assert rf'{QuantityRange(a, b)}' == r'\numrange{0.1}{0.5}'
+
+    def test_dimensionless_list_uses_numlist(self):
+        a = PhysicsQuantity.construct(0.1, '')
+        b = PhysicsQuantity.construct(0.5, '')
+        assert rf'{QuantityList(a, b)}' == r'\numlist{0.1;0.5}'
+
+    def test_with_unit_uses_qty(self):
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5, 'kg')
+        assert str(m).startswith(r'\qty{')
+
+    def test_si_extra_appears_in_output(self):
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(
+            5, 'kg', si_extra={'round-mode': 'figures'},
+        )
+        assert 'round-mode=figures' in str(m)
+
+
+# --- Equality semantics --------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class TestEquality:
+    """Equality compares physical values only; metadata is ignored by design."""
+
+    def test_same_value_different_symbol(self):
+        a = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5, 'kg', symbol='X')
+        b = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5, 'kg', symbol='Y')
+        assert a == b
+
+    def test_same_value_different_si_extra(self):
+        a = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5, 'kg', si_extra={'round-mode': 'figures'})
+        b = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5, 'kg')
+        assert a == b
+
+    def test_same_value_different_units(self):
+        """pint's equality handles unit conversion under the hood."""
+        a = PhysicsQuantity.construct(1, 'kilogram')
+        b = PhysicsQuantity.construct(1000, 'gram')
+        assert a == b
+
+    def test_different_values_not_equal(self):
+        a = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5, 'kg')
+        b = PhysicsQuantity.construct(7, 'kg')
+        assert a != b
+
+    def test_not_equal_to_non_quantity(self):
+        """Comparison with non-PhysicsQuantity returns False, does not crash."""
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5, 'kg')
+        assert (m == 5) is False
+        assert (m == "5 kg") is False
+        assert (m == None) is False
+
+    def test_unhashable(self):
+        """Defining __eq__ without __hash__ makes instances unhashable."""
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5, 'kg')
+        with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+            hash(m)
+
+
+# --- PhysicsConstant -----------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class TestPhysicsConstant:
+    """Smoke tests for the PhysicsConstant subclass."""
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def g(self):
+        from core.builder.context.quantities.constant import PhysicsConstant
+        from pint import UnitRegistry as u
+        return PhysicsConstant(
+            'gforce', u.Quantity(9.80665, 'meter / second^2'), digits=2,
+        )
+
+    def test_full(self, g):
+        assert r'\qty{' in g.full
+        assert r'\meter' in g.full
+
+    def test_approx(self, g):
+        """g with 2 digits rounds to 9.8 m/s^2."""
+        assert g.approx.mag == pytest.approx(9.8)
+
+    def test_full_approx(self, g):
+        """Previously crashed with `ValueError: Invalid format specifier`."""
+        rendered = g.full_approx
+        assert r'\qty{' in rendered
+        assert '9.8' in rendered

From 3ba896fbfda65c925840219d6f20600f8757f86d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Thu, 23 Apr 2026 22:15:28 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 04/46] Removed property from mag

---
 core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py | 1 -
 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
index 62d4426a..271f8aa1 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
@@ -118,7 +118,6 @@ def quantity(self):
     def quantity(self, value):
         raise TypeError(f"{self.__class__.__name__} ({value}) is immutable")
 
-    @property
     def mag(self):
         """ Return the internal magnitude. """
         return self._quantity.magnitude

From 1cc59f869ebca0582543e93dd22310b1c934a9e2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Thu, 23 Apr 2026 22:16:32 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 05/46] Tests now passing too

---
 core/tests/test_quantities.py | 20 ++++++++++----------
 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/tests/test_quantities.py b/core/tests/test_quantities.py
index 3cd01486..fc15d162 100644
--- a/core/tests/test_quantities.py
+++ b/core/tests/test_quantities.py
@@ -264,21 +264,21 @@ def test_non_integer_digits_rejected(self):
 
     def test_symmetric_around_zero(self):
         """Positive and negative magnitudes must round symmetrically."""
-        pos = PhysicsQuantity.construct(1.55, 'kg').approximate(2).mag
-        neg = PhysicsQuantity.construct(-1.55, 'kg').approximate(2).mag
+        pos = PhysicsQuantity.construct(1.55, 'kg').approximate(2).mag()
+        neg = PhysicsQuantity.construct(-1.55, 'kg').approximate(2).mag()
         assert pos == -neg, f"asymmetric rounding: {pos} vs {neg}"
 
     def test_zero_magnitude(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(0.0, 'kg')
-        assert m.approximate(3).mag == 0.0
+        assert m.approximate(3).mag()== 0.0
 
     def test_significant_figures_one(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(123.456, 'kg')
-        assert m.approximate(1).mag == 100.0
+        assert m.approximate(1).mag()== 100.0
 
     def test_significant_figures_three(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(123.456, 'kg')
-        assert m.approximate(3).mag == 123.0
+        assert m.approximate(3).mag()== 123.0
 
 
 # --- Range guardrails ----------------------------------------------------
@@ -302,8 +302,8 @@ def test_swapped_endpoints_rejected(self, m1, m3):
 
     def test_widen_sane(self, m1, m3):
         r = QuantityRange(m1, m3).widen(0.1)
-        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(0.9)
-        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(3.3)
+        assert r.minimum.mag()== pytest.approx(0.9)
+        assert r.maximum.mag()== pytest.approx(3.3)
 
     @pytest.mark.xfail(reason="widen(value>=1) produces negative minimum")
     def test_widen_out_of_range_rejected(self, m1, m3):
@@ -313,8 +313,8 @@ def test_widen_out_of_range_rejected(self, m1, m3):
     def test_widen_identity(self, m1, m3):
         """widen(0) returns an equivalent range."""
         r = QuantityRange(m1, m3).widen(0)
-        assert r.minimum.mag == 1
-        assert r.maximum.mag == 3
+        assert r.minimum.mag()== 1
+        assert r.maximum.mag()== 3
 
 
 # --- si_extra clash detection --------------------------------------------
@@ -478,7 +478,7 @@ def test_full(self, g):
 
     def test_approx(self, g):
         """g with 2 digits rounds to 9.8 m/s^2."""
-        assert g.approx.mag == pytest.approx(9.8)
+        assert g.approx.mag()== pytest.approx(9.8)
 
     def test_full_approx(self, g):
         """Previously crashed with `ValueError: Invalid format specifier`."""

From 11f3b49dc9fa3f49e21238548ce93485fa4118a1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Mon, 27 Apr 2026 21:36:43 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 06/46] Quantity operations added

---
 core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py |  11 ++-
 core/tests/test_dicts.py                    | 100 ++++++++++++++++++++
 core/tests/test_quantities.py               |  22 ++---
 core/utilities/dicts.py                     |  32 +++++++
 4 files changed, 148 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 core/tests/test_dicts.py
 create mode 100644 core/utilities/dicts.py

diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
index 271f8aa1..7251ad9f 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-import functools
-import operator
 import math
 import numbers
+import operator
 import re
 from typing import Optional, Self, Callable, Union, Any
 
@@ -10,6 +9,7 @@
 from pint import UnitRegistry as u
 
 from core.filters.hacks import cut_extra_one
+from core.utilities.dicts import strict_merge
 
 
 class PhysicsQuantity:
@@ -118,6 +118,7 @@ def quantity(self):
     def quantity(self, value):
         raise TypeError(f"{self.__class__.__name__} ({value}) is immutable")
 
+    @property
     def mag(self):
         """ Return the internal magnitude. """
         return self._quantity.magnitude
@@ -276,7 +277,7 @@ def __init__(self,
                  maximum: PhysicsQuantity):
         self.minimum = minimum
         self.maximum = maximum
-        self.si_extra = self.minimum.si_extra | self.maximum.si_extra
+        self.si_extra = strict_merge(self.minimum.si_extra, self.maximum.si_extra)
 
         # Try to coerce to the same unit (minimum takes precedence).
         # If it works, fine, if not, let pint raise the appropriate exception.
@@ -326,7 +327,7 @@ def __init__(self,
             f"{self.__class__.__name__} must have at least one quantity"
         self.qs = [q.to(qs[0].unit) for q in qs]
 
-        self.si_extra = functools.reduce(operator.or_, [q.si_extra for q in self.qs])
+        self.si_extra = strict_merge(*(q.si_extra for q in self.qs))
 
     def __format__(self, fmt: str):
         fqs = [q.format_struct(fmt) for q in self.qs]
@@ -345,4 +346,4 @@ def __format__(self, fmt: str):
         return rf'\{cmd}{si_extraf}{magf}{unitf}'
 
     def __str__(self):
-        return format(self, 'g')
+        return format(self, 'g')
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/core/tests/test_dicts.py b/core/tests/test_dicts.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d2a2fae6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/tests/test_dicts.py
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+import pytest
+
+from core.utilities.dicts import strict_merge
+
+
+class TestStrictMergeBasic:
+    def test_empty(self):
+        assert strict_merge() == {}
+
+    def test_single_dict(self):
+        assert strict_merge({'a': 1, 'b': 2}) == {'a': 1, 'b': 2}
+
+    def test_disjoint_keys(self):
+        assert strict_merge({'a': 1}, {'b': 2}) == {'a': 1, 'b': 2}
+
+    def test_three_disjoint(self):
+        assert strict_merge({'a': 1}, {'b': 2}, {'c': 3}) == {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}
+
+    def test_does_not_mutate_inputs(self):
+        a = {'a': 1}
+        b = {'b': 2}
+        _ = strict_merge(a, b)
+        assert a == {'a': 1}
+        assert b == {'b': 2}
+
+
+class TestStrictMergeAgreement:
+    """Same key with the same value across dicts should be silently coalesced."""
+
+    def test_identical_values(self):
+        assert strict_merge({'a': 1}, {'a': 1}) == {'a': 1}
+
+    def test_identical_values_three_dicts(self):
+        assert strict_merge({'a': 1}, {'a': 1}, {'a': 1}) == {'a': 1}
+
+    def test_identical_string_values(self):
+        assert strict_merge(
+            {'mode': 'figures'}, {'mode': 'figures'}
+        ) == {'mode': 'figures'}
+
+    def test_identical_nested_values(self):
+        """Nested structures compare by value (dict ==)."""
+        assert strict_merge(
+            {'a': {'x': 1, 'y': 2}}, {'a': {'x': 1, 'y': 2}}
+        ) == {'a': {'x': 1, 'y': 2}}
+
+    def test_identical_list_values(self):
+        assert strict_merge({'k': [1, 2, 3]}, {'k': [1, 2, 3]}) == {'k': [1, 2, 3]}
+
+
+class TestStrictMergeConflict:
+    """Same key with different values should raise."""
+
+    def test_simple_conflict(self):
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="key 'a'"):
+            strict_merge({'a': 1}, {'a': 2})
+
+    def test_conflict_message_carries_both_values(self):
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="1.*2"):
+            strict_merge({'a': 1}, {'a': 2})
+
+    def test_string_conflict(self):
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="round-mode"):
+            strict_merge({'round-mode': 'figures'}, {'round-mode': 'places'})
+
+    def test_nested_conflict(self):
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="key 'a'"):
+            strict_merge({'a': {'x': 1}}, {'a': {'x': 2}})
+
+    def test_partial_overlap_with_conflict(self):
+        """Disjoint keys are no problem; only the conflict raises."""
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="key 'b'"):
+            strict_merge({'a': 1, 'b': 2}, {'b': 3, 'c': 4})
+
+    def test_third_dict_introduces_conflict(self):
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="key 'a'"):
+            strict_merge({'a': 1}, {'a': 1}, {'a': 2})
+
+
+class TestStrictMergeEdgeCases:
+    def test_none_value_does_not_conflict_with_none(self):
+        assert strict_merge({'a': None}, {'a': None}) == {'a': None}
+
+    def test_none_conflicts_with_other(self):
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            strict_merge({'a': None}, {'a': 0})
+
+    def test_zero_and_false_treated_as_distinct(self):
+        """0 == False in Python but the values should still be considered equal here."""
+        # 0 == False is True; strict_merge uses ==, so they are considered the same.
+        # This is the documented behavior.
+        assert strict_merge({'a': 0}, {'a': False}) == {'a': 0}
+
+    def test_first_occurrence_wins_in_result(self):
+        """When values are equal, the first one written is the one stored."""
+        a = {'k': (1, 2)}
+        b = {'k': (1, 2)}  # equal but possibly different object identity
+        result = strict_merge(a, b)
+        # Either is acceptable; we just want to confirm no error and right value.
+        assert result['k'] == (1, 2)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/core/tests/test_quantities.py b/core/tests/test_quantities.py
index fc15d162..e27cb41b 100644
--- a/core/tests/test_quantities.py
+++ b/core/tests/test_quantities.py
@@ -264,21 +264,21 @@ def test_non_integer_digits_rejected(self):
 
     def test_symmetric_around_zero(self):
         """Positive and negative magnitudes must round symmetrically."""
-        pos = PhysicsQuantity.construct(1.55, 'kg').approximate(2).mag()
-        neg = PhysicsQuantity.construct(-1.55, 'kg').approximate(2).mag()
+        pos = PhysicsQuantity.construct(1.55, 'kg').approximate(2).mag
+        neg = PhysicsQuantity.construct(-1.55, 'kg').approximate(2).mag
         assert pos == -neg, f"asymmetric rounding: {pos} vs {neg}"
 
     def test_zero_magnitude(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(0.0, 'kg')
-        assert m.approximate(3).mag()== 0.0
+        assert m.approximate(3).mag == 0.0
 
     def test_significant_figures_one(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(123.456, 'kg')
-        assert m.approximate(1).mag()== 100.0
+        assert m.approximate(1).mag == 100.0
 
     def test_significant_figures_three(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(123.456, 'kg')
-        assert m.approximate(3).mag()== 123.0
+        assert m.approximate(3).mag == 123.0
 
 
 # --- Range guardrails ----------------------------------------------------
@@ -302,8 +302,8 @@ def test_swapped_endpoints_rejected(self, m1, m3):
 
     def test_widen_sane(self, m1, m3):
         r = QuantityRange(m1, m3).widen(0.1)
-        assert r.minimum.mag()== pytest.approx(0.9)
-        assert r.maximum.mag()== pytest.approx(3.3)
+        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(0.9)
+        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(3.3)
 
     @pytest.mark.xfail(reason="widen(value>=1) produces negative minimum")
     def test_widen_out_of_range_rejected(self, m1, m3):
@@ -313,8 +313,8 @@ def test_widen_out_of_range_rejected(self, m1, m3):
     def test_widen_identity(self, m1, m3):
         """widen(0) returns an equivalent range."""
         r = QuantityRange(m1, m3).widen(0)
-        assert r.minimum.mag()== 1
-        assert r.maximum.mag()== 3
+        assert r.minimum.mag == 1
+        assert r.maximum.mag == 3
 
 
 # --- si_extra clash detection --------------------------------------------
@@ -348,12 +348,10 @@ def test_list_compatible_keys_merge(self, m_figures, m_plain):
         ql = QuantityList(m_figures, m_plain)
         assert ql.si_extra == {'round-mode': 'figures'}
 
-    @pytest.mark.xfail(reason="si_extra conflicts in QuantityRange are currently silent (last-wins)")
     def test_range_conflicting_keys_raises(self, m_figures, m_places):
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="round-mode"):
             QuantityRange(m_figures, m_places)
 
-    @pytest.mark.xfail(reason="si_extra conflicts in QuantityList are currently silent (last-wins)")
     def test_list_conflicting_keys_raises(self, m_figures, m_places):
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="round-mode"):
             QuantityList(m_figures, m_places)
@@ -478,7 +476,7 @@ def test_full(self, g):
 
     def test_approx(self, g):
         """g with 2 digits rounds to 9.8 m/s^2."""
-        assert g.approx.mag()== pytest.approx(9.8)
+        assert g.approx.mag == pytest.approx(9.8)
 
     def test_full_approx(self, g):
         """Previously crashed with `ValueError: Invalid format specifier`."""
diff --git a/core/utilities/dicts.py b/core/utilities/dicts.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e4466312
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/utilities/dicts.py
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+"""
+Dict utilities. Made by Claude.
+"""
+
+
+def strict_merge(*dicts: dict) -> dict:
+    """
+    Merge multiple dicts, raising ValueError if two of them assign different
+    values to the same key. Identical assignments are silently coalesced;
+    non-overlapping keys merge cleanly.
+
+    Comparison uses ``==``, so nested structures are compared by value.
+
+    >>> strict_merge({'a': 1}, {'b': 2})
+    {'a': 1, 'b': 2}
+    >>> strict_merge({'a': 1}, {'a': 1})
+    {'a': 1}
+    >>> strict_merge({'a': 1}, {'a': 2})
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+    ValueError: Conflicting values for key 'a': 1 vs 2
+    """
+    result: dict = {}
+    for source in dicts:
+        for key, value in source.items():
+            if key in result and result[key] != value:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"Conflicting values for key {key!r}: "
+                    f"{result[key]!r} vs {value!r}"
+                )
+            result[key] = value
+    return result
\ No newline at end of file

From 1de55e1d930ad1d26c67b569ae47d43feeacb84d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Mon, 27 Apr 2026 21:59:00 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 07/46] More Claude work

---
 core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py |  48 +++++++--
 core/builder/jinja.py                       |   4 +-
 core/tests/test_quantities.py               | 109 ++++++++++++++++++--
 3 files changed, 144 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
index 7251ad9f..f5a8b811 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
@@ -144,6 +144,27 @@ def to(self, what):
     def simplify(self):
         return PhysicsQuantity(self._quantity.to_base_units(), symbol=self._symbol, si_extra=self.si_extra)
 
+    def widen(self, value: float) -> "QuantityRange":
+        """
+        Construct a tolerance range from this quantity:
+        ``[(1 - v) * x, (1 + v) * x]``.
+
+        For positive ``x`` the smaller endpoint is ``(1 - v) * x`` and the
+        larger is ``(1 + v) * x``. For negative ``x`` the order flips so the
+        returned range still has minimum <= maximum.
+
+        ``value`` must be non-negative; pass ``0`` for a degenerate range.
+        Values >= 1 are allowed and produce a range that crosses zero
+        (e.g. ``100.widen(1.5) -> [-50, 250]``).
+        """
+        assert value >= 0, f"widen factor must be non-negative, got {value}"
+        low = self * (1 - value)
+        high = self * (1 + value)
+        if self._quantity.magnitude >= 0:
+            return QuantityRange(low, high)
+        else:
+            return QuantityRange(high, low)
+
     def sin(self):
         return PhysicsQuantity(np.sin(self._quantity))
 
@@ -303,13 +324,28 @@ def __format__(self, fmt: str):
 
     def widen(self, value: float) -> Self:
         """
-        Widen the interval by value:
-        minimum := (1 - value) * minimum
-        maximum := (1 + value) * maximum
+        Return a new range whose width is multiplied by ``(1 + value)``,
+        expanded symmetrically around the centre.
+
+        For a range ``[a, b]`` with centre ``c = (a + b) / 2`` and half-width
+        ``h = (b - a) / 2``, the result is ``[c - h*(1+v), c + h*(1+v)]``.
+
+        This always widens (never narrows) regardless of sign:
+            [1, 3]   widen(0.1) -> [0.9, 3.1]
+            [-3, -1] widen(0.1) -> [-3.1, -0.9]
+            [-1, 1]  widen(0.5) -> [-1.5, 1.5]
 
-        This should be useful for specifying ranges of acceptable results in Náboj.
+        A degenerate range (a == b) stays degenerate, since its half-width
+        is zero. Construct an explicit non-degenerate range first if you
+        want a tolerance band around a single value.
+
+        This should be useful for specifying ranges of acceptable results
+        in Náboj.
         """
-        return QuantityRange(self.minimum * (1 - value), self.maximum * (1 + value))
+        assert value >= 0, f"widen factor must be non-negative, got {value}"
+        centre = (self.minimum + self.maximum) * 0.5
+        half_width = (self.maximum - self.minimum) * 0.5 * (1 + value)
+        return QuantityRange(centre - half_width, centre + half_width)
 
     def __str__(self):
         return format(self, 'g')
@@ -346,4 +382,4 @@ def __format__(self, fmt: str):
         return rf'\{cmd}{si_extraf}{magf}{unitf}'
 
     def __str__(self):
-        return format(self, 'g')
\ No newline at end of file
+        return format(self, 'g')
diff --git a/core/builder/jinja.py b/core/builder/jinja.py
index 006b1a3c..cb32ea7b 100644
--- a/core/builder/jinja.py
+++ b/core/builder/jinja.py
@@ -183,8 +183,8 @@ def __init__(self, **kwargs):
             'ng': latex.num_general,
             'ef': latex.equals_float,
             'eg': latex.equals_general,
-            'w': QuantityRange.widen,
-            'widen': QuantityRange.widen,
+            'w': lambda obj, value: obj.widen(value),
+            'widen': lambda obj, value: obj.widen(value),
             'mag': PhysicsQuantity.mag,
         } |
         self.__generate_format_functions(numbers.format_float, 'f') |
diff --git a/core/tests/test_quantities.py b/core/tests/test_quantities.py
index e27cb41b..f9ff3341 100644
--- a/core/tests/test_quantities.py
+++ b/core/tests/test_quantities.py
@@ -281,6 +281,66 @@ def test_significant_figures_three(self):
         assert m.approximate(3).mag == 123.0
 
 
+# --- PhysicsQuantity.widen -----------------------------------------------
+
+
+class TestQuantityWiden:
+    """
+    PhysicsQuantity.widen(v) constructs an asymmetric tolerance range
+    [(1-v)*x, (1+v)*x] from a single value, with min/max ordered correctly
+    regardless of sign.
+    """
+
+    def test_positive_value(self):
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(100, 'meter')
+        r = m.widen(0.05)
+        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(95)
+        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(105)
+
+    def test_negative_value(self):
+        """For x < 0, the result is still ordered (min < max)."""
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(-100, 'meter')
+        r = m.widen(0.05)
+        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(-105)
+        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(-95)
+
+    def test_large_factor_crosses_zero(self):
+        """value >= 1 produces a range crossing zero."""
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(100, 'meter')
+        r = m.widen(1.5)
+        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(-50)
+        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(250)
+
+    def test_zero_value(self):
+        """widen on x == 0 gives a degenerate range at zero."""
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(0, 'meter')
+        r = m.widen(0.1)
+        assert r.minimum.mag == 0
+        assert r.maximum.mag == 0
+
+    def test_zero_factor(self):
+        """widen(0) gives a degenerate range at the original value."""
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(42, 'meter')
+        r = m.widen(0)
+        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(42)
+        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(42)
+
+    def test_negative_factor_rejected(self):
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(100, 'meter')
+        with pytest.raises(AssertionError, match="non-negative"):
+            m.widen(-0.05)
+
+    def test_unit_preserved(self):
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(100, 'meter')
+        r = m.widen(0.1)
+        assert r.minimum.unit == r.maximum.unit
+        assert str(r.minimum.unit) == 'meter'
+
+    def test_returns_quantity_range(self):
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5, 'kg')
+        assert isinstance(m.widen(0.1), QuantityRange)
+
+
 # --- Range guardrails ----------------------------------------------------
 
 
@@ -300,21 +360,52 @@ def test_swapped_endpoints_rejected(self, m1, m3):
         with pytest.raises(ValueError):
             QuantityRange(m3, m1)
 
-    def test_widen_sane(self, m1, m3):
+    def test_widen_positive_range(self, m1, m3):
+        """[1, 3] widened by 0.1: width grows from 2 to 2.2, symmetric around centre 2."""
         r = QuantityRange(m1, m3).widen(0.1)
         assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(0.9)
-        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(3.3)
-
-    @pytest.mark.xfail(reason="widen(value>=1) produces negative minimum")
-    def test_widen_out_of_range_rejected(self, m1, m3):
-        with pytest.raises((ValueError, AssertionError)):
-            QuantityRange(m1, m3).widen(1.5)
+        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(3.1)
+
+    def test_widen_negative_range(self):
+        """A negative-valued range must widen, not narrow."""
+        a = PhysicsQuantity.construct(-3, 'kg')
+        b = PhysicsQuantity.construct(-1, 'kg')
+        r = QuantityRange(a, b).widen(0.1)
+        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(-3.1)
+        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(-0.9)
+
+    def test_widen_zero_centred_range(self):
+        """Range straddling zero widens symmetrically."""
+        a = PhysicsQuantity.construct(-1, 'kg')
+        b = PhysicsQuantity.construct(1, 'kg')
+        r = QuantityRange(a, b).widen(0.5)
+        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(-1.5)
+        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(1.5)
+
+    def test_widen_large_factor_allowed(self, m1, m3):
+        """value >= 1 is now permitted; the range simply grows substantially."""
+        r = QuantityRange(m1, m3).widen(1.5)
+        # Centre 2, half-width 1, scaled by 2.5 -> half-width 2.5
+        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(-0.5)
+        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(4.5)
+
+    def test_widen_negative_value_rejected(self, m1, m3):
+        """widen(-0.1) would contract; reject so 'widen' stays honest about its name."""
+        with pytest.raises(AssertionError, match="non-negative"):
+            QuantityRange(m1, m3).widen(-0.1)
 
     def test_widen_identity(self, m1, m3):
         """widen(0) returns an equivalent range."""
         r = QuantityRange(m1, m3).widen(0)
-        assert r.minimum.mag == 1
-        assert r.maximum.mag == 3
+        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(1)
+        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(3)
+
+    def test_widen_degenerate_range(self):
+        """A range with min==max stays degenerate; half-width is zero."""
+        a = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5, 'kg')
+        r = QuantityRange(a, a).widen(0.1)
+        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(5)
+        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(5)
 
 
 # --- si_extra clash detection --------------------------------------------

From 386032164fb75f29da87968c35bb1cf6c6da7380 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Mon, 27 Apr 2026 22:02:01 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 08/46] More tests

---
 core/tests/test_quantities.py | 121 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 121 insertions(+)

diff --git a/core/tests/test_quantities.py b/core/tests/test_quantities.py
index f9ff3341..e07f5b75 100644
--- a/core/tests/test_quantities.py
+++ b/core/tests/test_quantities.py
@@ -281,6 +281,127 @@ def test_significant_figures_three(self):
         assert m.approximate(3).mag == 123.0
 
 
+# --- PhysicsQuantity.mag -------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class TestMag:
+    """
+    `mag` is a thin accessor for the underlying pint magnitude. It returns
+    whatever numeric type pint stores (int, float, or numpy scalar after
+    operations like np.floor/np.ceil).
+    """
+
+    def test_int_construction(self):
+        assert PhysicsQuantity.construct(7, 'kg').mag == 7
+
+    def test_float_construction(self):
+        assert PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.5, 'kg').mag == pytest.approx(5.5)
+
+    def test_negative(self):
+        assert PhysicsQuantity.construct(-3.7, 'kg').mag == pytest.approx(-3.7)
+
+    def test_dimensionless(self):
+        assert PhysicsQuantity.construct(2.5, '').mag == pytest.approx(2.5)
+
+    def test_after_unit_conversion(self):
+        """`to()` may change int -> float as a side effect of conversion."""
+        kg = PhysicsQuantity.construct(1, 'kilogram')
+        assert kg.to('gram').mag == pytest.approx(1000)
+
+    def test_mag_does_not_carry_units(self):
+        """The bare magnitude is a number, not a pint Quantity."""
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5, 'kg')
+        assert not hasattr(m.mag, 'units')
+
+
+# --- PhysicsQuantity.floor / .ceil --------------------------------------
+
+
+class TestFloorCeil:
+    """
+    `floor` and `ceil` round the magnitude toward -inf and +inf respectively,
+    keeping the unit. They return a new PhysicsQuantity; metadata is dropped
+    because the result is a different quantity from the input.
+    """
+
+    def test_floor_positive(self):
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.7, 'kg')
+        assert m.floor().mag == pytest.approx(5)
+
+    def test_ceil_positive(self):
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.3, 'kg')
+        assert m.ceil().mag == pytest.approx(6)
+
+    def test_floor_negative_rounds_toward_neg_inf(self):
+        """floor(-2.3) is -3, not -2 (toward -inf, not toward zero)."""
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(-2.3, 'meter')
+        assert m.floor().mag == pytest.approx(-3)
+
+    def test_ceil_negative_rounds_toward_pos_inf(self):
+        """ceil(-2.3) is -2, not -3 (toward +inf, not toward zero)."""
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(-2.3, 'meter')
+        assert m.ceil().mag == pytest.approx(-2)
+
+    def test_floor_of_integer(self):
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.0, 'kg')
+        assert m.floor().mag == pytest.approx(5)
+
+    def test_ceil_of_integer(self):
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.0, 'kg')
+        assert m.ceil().mag == pytest.approx(5)
+
+    def test_floor_of_zero(self):
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(0, 'kg')
+        assert m.floor().mag == pytest.approx(0)
+
+    def test_ceil_of_zero(self):
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(0, 'kg')
+        assert m.ceil().mag == pytest.approx(0)
+
+    def test_floor_preserves_unit(self):
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.7, 'kg')
+        assert m.floor().unit == m.unit
+
+    def test_ceil_preserves_unit(self):
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.7, 'kg')
+        assert m.ceil().unit == m.unit
+
+    def test_floor_returns_physics_quantity(self):
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.7, 'kg')
+        assert isinstance(m.floor(), PhysicsQuantity)
+
+    def test_ceil_returns_physics_quantity(self):
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.7, 'kg')
+        assert isinstance(m.ceil(), PhysicsQuantity)
+
+    def test_floor_drops_symbol(self):
+        """floor produces a new quantity, so the original symbol does not carry over."""
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.7, 'kg', symbol='m')
+        assert m.floor().symbol is None
+
+    def test_floor_drops_si_extra(self):
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.7, 'kg', si_extra={'round-mode': 'figures'})
+        assert m.floor().si_extra == {}
+
+    def test_ceil_drops_symbol(self):
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.7, 'kg', symbol='m')
+        assert m.ceil().symbol is None
+
+    def test_ceil_drops_si_extra(self):
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.7, 'kg', si_extra={'round-mode': 'figures'})
+        assert m.ceil().si_extra == {}
+
+    def test_floor_dimensionless_renders_with_num(self):
+        """Dimensionless results should still use \\num, not \\qty."""
+        d = PhysicsQuantity.construct(2.7, '')
+        assert str(d.floor()).startswith(r'\num{')
+
+    def test_floor_then_ceil_idempotent_on_floored_value(self):
+        """ceil of a floored integer is the same value."""
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.7, 'kg')
+        assert m.floor().ceil().mag == pytest.approx(5)
+
+
 # --- PhysicsQuantity.widen -----------------------------------------------
 
 

From d3654f52d8a44b77329a047265008d724de8eb67 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Tue, 28 Apr 2026 07:57:34 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 09/46] =?UTF-8?q?Fixed=20N=C3=A1boj=20template=20list,=20n?=
 =?UTF-8?q?ewline=20after=20preamble?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

---
 core/builder/renderer.py                           | 5 ++++-
 core/cli.py                                        | 2 +-
 modules/naboj/templates/blocks/booklet/footer.jtex | 2 +-
 3 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/builder/renderer.py b/core/builder/renderer.py
index 5869d4f9..03d6da71 100755
--- a/core/builder/renderer.py
+++ b/core/builder/renderer.py
@@ -69,7 +69,10 @@ def prepare_template(self,
 
         Currently just prepends the preamble, if available
         """
-        return (self.preamble or "") + template
+        if self.preamble is not None:
+            return self.preamble + "\n" + template
+        else:
+            return template
 
     def run(self):
         # First pass: expand all equations and values
diff --git a/core/cli.py b/core/cli.py
index 96a977d8..44524a32 100644
--- a/core/cli.py
+++ b/core/cli.py
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ def run(self) -> None:
             self.fail(e)
 
     def fail(self, e):
-        log.error(f"{c.err('convert: failure on ')}{c.path(self.args.infile.name)}: {e}")
+        log.error(f"{c.err('convert: failure on ')}{c.path(self.args.infile.name)}")
         raise e
 
     def success(self):
diff --git a/modules/naboj/templates/blocks/booklet/footer.jtex b/modules/naboj/templates/blocks/booklet/footer.jtex
index 835f9914..f36be747 100644
--- a/modules/naboj/templates/blocks/booklet/footer.jtex
+++ b/modules/naboj/templates/blocks/booklet/footer.jtex
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
             (@ for person in people @)
                 \item (* person *)
             (@ endfor @)
-            (@ if people|length % 3 == 1 @)\item(@ endif @)
+            (@ if people|length % 3 == 1 @)\item\item(@ endif @)
             (@ if people|length % 3 == 2 @)\item(@ endif @)
         \end{itemize}
     \end{multicols}

From 0fefbb8c880745e71bf077a4716f4e5d00a46545 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Tue, 28 Apr 2026 12:01:53 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 10/46] Math objects upgraded

---
 core/builder/context/quantities/math.py     |  21 ++--
 core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py |   1 -
 core/tests/test_mathobject.py               | 117 ++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 131 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 core/tests/test_mathobject.py

diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/math.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/math.py
index b8c28ea8..ebdae2c2 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/math.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/math.py
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-from typing import Optional
-
 import regex as re
 
 
@@ -19,13 +17,22 @@ def __str__(self):
     def __repr__(self):
         return repr(self.__str__())
 
-    def __format__(self, spec: Optional[str] = None):
+    _INTERPUNCTION = '.,;?!'
+
+    def __format__(self, spec: str = ''):
+        interpunction = ''
+        if len(spec) > 0 and spec[-1] in self._INTERPUNCTION:
+            interpunction = spec[-1]
+            spec = spec[:-1]
+
         match spec:
-            case None:
-                return self.__str__()
+            case '':
+                return f"${self.content}{interpunction}$"
             case 'disp':
                 content = re.sub(r'^(?!\Z)', '    ', self.content, flags=re.MULTILINE)
-                return f"""$$\n{content}\n$$ {{#eq:{self.id}}}"""
+                return f"$$\n{content}{interpunction}\n$$ {{#eq:{self.id}}}"
             case 'align':
                 content = re.sub(r'^(?!\Z)', '    ', self.content, flags=re.MULTILINE)
-                return f"""$${{\n{content}\n}}$$ {{#eq:{self.id}}}"""
+                return f"$${{\n{content}{interpunction}\n}}$$ {{#eq:{self.id}}}"
+            case _:
+                raise NotImplementedError(f"Unknown format spec {spec!r} for MathObject")
diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
index f5a8b811..c1c0f477 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
@@ -47,7 +47,6 @@ def _binop(self, other, op: Callable[[Self, Union[Self, numbers.Number, u.Quanti
         else:
             raise TypeError(f"Cannot perform {op} with {type(other)} ({other})")
 
-
     def __add__(self, other):
         return self._binop(other, operator.add)
 
diff --git a/core/tests/test_mathobject.py b/core/tests/test_mathobject.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3aa3dcf2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/tests/test_mathobject.py
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+import pytest
+
+from core.builder.context.quantities.math import MathObject
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def inline():
+    return MathObject('e1', 'a + b = c')
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def multiline():
+    return MathObject('e2', 'a &= b + c \\\\\nb &= 2c')
+
+
+class TestMathObjectInline:
+    """Default formatting wraps content in $...$."""
+
+    def test_str(self, inline):
+        assert str(inline) == '$a + b = c$'
+
+    def test_format_no_spec(self, inline):
+        assert f'{inline}' == '$a + b = c$'
+
+    def test_format_explicit_empty_spec(self, inline):
+        assert format(inline, '') == '$a + b = c$'
+
+
+class TestMathObjectDisplay:
+    """`:disp` renders a numbered display equation with pandoc-crossref label."""
+
+    def test_basic(self, inline):
+        result = f'{inline:disp}'
+        assert result.startswith('$$\n')
+        assert '    a + b = c' in result  # 4-space indent
+        assert result.endswith('{#eq:e1}')
+
+    def test_label_uses_id(self):
+        m = MathObject('mass-energy', 'E = mc^2')
+        assert '{#eq:mass-energy}' in f'{m:disp}'
+
+    def test_indents_each_line(self, multiline):
+        result = f'{multiline:disp}'
+        assert '    a &= b + c' in result
+        assert '    b &= 2c' in result
+
+
+class TestMathObjectAlign:
+    """`:align` renders an aligned display equation."""
+
+    def test_structure(self, multiline):
+        result = f'{multiline:align}'
+        assert result.startswith('$${\n')
+        assert '\n}$$' in result
+        assert result.endswith('{#eq:e2}')
+
+    def test_indents_each_line(self, multiline):
+        result = f'{multiline:align}'
+        assert '    a &= b + c' in result
+        assert '    b &= 2c' in result
+
+
+class TestMathObjectInterpunction:
+    """
+    A trailing punctuation character in the spec is appended to the math
+    content, so the equation can end a sentence cleanly.
+    """
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("punct", list('.,;?!'))
+    def test_inline_with_punctuation(self, inline, punct):
+        assert f'{inline:{punct}}' == f'$a + b = c{punct}$'
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("punct", list('.,;?!'))
+    def test_disp_with_punctuation(self, inline, punct):
+        result = f'{inline:disp{punct}}'
+        # Punctuation lands at end of math content, before the closing $$.
+        assert f'a + b = c{punct}\n$$' in result
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("punct", list('.,;?!'))
+    def test_align_with_punctuation(self, multiline, punct):
+        result = f'{multiline:align{punct}}'
+        # Punctuation lands after the last content line, before `\n}$$`.
+        assert f'b &= 2c{punct}\n}}$$' in result
+
+    def test_punctuation_only_spec_treated_as_inline(self, inline):
+        """`:.` strips the period and falls through to the empty-spec branch."""
+        assert f'{inline:.}' == '$a + b = c.$'
+
+    def test_non_punctuation_char_not_stripped(self, inline):
+        """A trailing letter is not interpunction; the spec is rejected."""
+        with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError):
+            f'{inline:dispx}'
+
+
+class TestMathObjectErrors:
+    def test_unknown_spec(self, inline):
+        with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError, match="foo"):
+            f'{inline:foo}'
+
+    def test_unknown_spec_with_punctuation(self, inline):
+        """Unknown specs with valid punctuation suffix still raise on the prefix."""
+        with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError, match="foo"):
+            f'{inline:foo.}'
+
+
+class TestMathObjectConstruction:
+    def test_strips_trailing_newline(self):
+        """Constructor strips a single trailing newline from content."""
+        m = MathObject('e', 'a + b\n')
+        assert m.content == 'a + b'
+
+    def test_preserves_internal_newlines(self):
+        m = MathObject('e', 'a\nb\nc')
+        assert m.content == 'a\nb\nc'
+
+    def test_repr(self, inline):
+        assert repr(inline) == "'$a + b = c$'"
\ No newline at end of file

From 2f327871079781dee6c28edc2468629b936e1ebd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Tue, 28 Apr 2026 12:23:39 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 11/46] Better display and bug hunting with Claude

---
 core/builder/context/quantities/math.py     | 30 ++++++++++++-
 core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py | 22 +++++----
 core/filters/latex.py                       | 33 +++++++++-----
 core/tests/test_jinja.py                    | 49 +++++++++++++++++++++
 core/tests/test_mathobject.py               | 31 ++++++++-----
 core/tests/test_quantities.py               |  5 +--
 6 files changed, 133 insertions(+), 37 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/math.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/math.py
index ebdae2c2..d98732f6 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/math.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/math.py
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@ def __repr__(self):
         return repr(self.__str__())
 
     _INTERPUNCTION = '.,;?!'
+    _BASE_SPECS = {'', 'disp', 'align'}
+    _SPECS_ACCEPTING_PUNCTUATION = {'disp', 'align'}
 
     def __format__(self, spec: str = ''):
         interpunction = ''
@@ -25,9 +27,33 @@ def __format__(self, spec: str = ''):
             interpunction = spec[-1]
             spec = spec[:-1]
 
+        # Distinguish "unknown base spec" from "valid base spec with invalid
+        # trailing character," because the latter is the much more common
+        # author mistake.
+        if spec not in self._BASE_SPECS:
+            if len(spec) > 1 and spec[:-1] in self._BASE_SPECS:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"Invalid trailing character {spec[-1]!r} in MathObject "
+                    f"format spec; expected one of {''.join(self._INTERPUNCTION)} "
+                    f"or no trailing character"
+                )
+            raise NotImplementedError(
+                f"Unknown format spec {spec!r} for MathObject; "
+                f"expected one of {sorted(self._BASE_SPECS - {''})} or empty"
+            )
+
+        # Inline math doesn't need in-math punctuation — authors can simply
+        # type the punctuation outside, after the closing $.
+        if interpunction and spec not in self._SPECS_ACCEPTING_PUNCTUATION:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"Inline math does not accept trailing punctuation; "
+                f"write the punctuation outside the math instead: "
+                f"`(* eq | inline *){interpunction}`"
+            )
+
         match spec:
             case '':
-                return f"${self.content}{interpunction}$"
+                return f"${self.content}$"
             case 'disp':
                 content = re.sub(r'^(?!\Z)', '    ', self.content, flags=re.MULTILINE)
                 return f"$$\n{content}{interpunction}\n$$ {{#eq:{self.id}}}"
@@ -35,4 +61,4 @@ def __format__(self, spec: str = ''):
                 content = re.sub(r'^(?!\Z)', '    ', self.content, flags=re.MULTILINE)
                 return f"$${{\n{content}{interpunction}\n}}$$ {{#eq:{self.id}}}"
             case _:
-                raise NotImplementedError(f"Unknown format spec {spec!r} for MathObject")
+                raise NotImplementedError(f"Unknown format spec {spec!r} for MathObject")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
index c1c0f477..8761eb29 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
@@ -289,20 +289,26 @@ def construct_quantity(magnitude, unit, *, symbol: Optional[str] = None):
 class QuantityRange:
     """
     Represents a range of two magnitudes of commensurate quantities.
-    Primarily meant to be useful for result tolerances.
+    Also meant to be useful for result tolerances.
     """
 
     def __init__(self,
                  minimum: PhysicsQuantity,
                  maximum: PhysicsQuantity):
+        # Coerce to a common unit before comparing magnitudes, so ranges like
+        # QuantityRange(1 kg, 500 g) work correctly. Incompatible units raise
+        # the underlying pint DimensionalityError.
         self.minimum = minimum
-        self.maximum = maximum
-        self.si_extra = strict_merge(self.minimum.si_extra, self.maximum.si_extra)
+        self.unit = minimum.unit
+        self.maximum = maximum.to(self.unit)
+
+        if self.minimum.mag > self.maximum.mag:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"QuantityRange minimum ({minimum}) "
+                f"must not exceed maximum ({maximum})"
+            )
 
-        # Try to coerce to the same unit (minimum takes precedence).
-        # If it works, fine, if not, let pint raise the appropriate exception.
-        self.unit = self.minimum.unit
-        self.maximum = self.maximum.to(self.unit)
+        self.si_extra = strict_merge(self.minimum.si_extra, self.maximum.si_extra)
 
     def __format__(self, fmt: str):
         minr = self.minimum.format_struct(fmt)
@@ -381,4 +387,4 @@ def __format__(self, fmt: str):
         return rf'\{cmd}{si_extraf}{magf}{unitf}'
 
     def __str__(self):
-        return format(self, 'g')
+        return format(self, 'g')
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/core/filters/latex.py b/core/filters/latex.py
index 6e09fa37..c7f9ebe1 100644
--- a/core/filters/latex.py
+++ b/core/filters/latex.py
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ def identity(x: Any) -> Any:
     return x
 
 
-
 def upnth(x: int) -> str:
     """
     Superscripted nth for LaTeX
@@ -89,8 +88,8 @@ def process_people(people: Union[list[dict[str, str]], dict[str, str]]) -> list[
 def format_gender_suffix(people: dict[str, dict[str, str]], *, func: Callable = identity) -> str:
     """
     Format people metadata:
-        -   if it is a dict, it should have name and gender, display that
-        -   if it is a list of dicts, use plural and display a list of names
+        - if it is a dict, it should have name and gender, display that
+        - if it is a list of dicts, use plural and display a list of names
 
     Returns
     -------
@@ -149,22 +148,32 @@ def equals_general(q: PhysicsQuantity, precision: Optional[int] = None):
     return q.equals_general(precision)
 
 
-def math_inline(math: MathObject):
+def math_inline(math: MathObject) -> str:
     """
-    Display as inline math with no frills.
+    Display as inline math. No punctuation argument: write any sentence
+    punctuation outside the math, e.g. `(* eq | inline *).`
     """
-    return f"{math!s}"
+    return f"{math}"
 
 
-def math_display(math: MathObject):
+def math_display(math: MathObject, punct: str = '') -> str:
     """
-    Display as block math with a label.
+    Display as block math with a label, optionally with trailing punctuation.
+
+    Usage in templates:
+        (* eq | disp *)          →  $$\\n    a + b\\n$$ {#eq:id}
+        (* eq | disp(',') *)     →  $$\\n    a + b,\\n$$ {#eq:id}
     """
-    return f"{math:disp}"
+    return f"{math:disp{punct}}"
 
 
-def math_aligned(math: MathObject):
+def math_aligned(math: MathObject, punct: str = '') -> str:
     r"""
-    Display inside an \aligned{} environment with a label
+    Display inside an \aligned{} environment with a label, optionally with
+    trailing punctuation.
+
+    Usage in templates:
+        (* eq | align *)         →  $${\n    a &= b\n}$$ {#eq:id}
+        (* eq | align('.') *)    →  $${\n    a &= b.\n}$$ {#eq:id}
     """
-    return f"{math:align}"
+    return f"{math:align{punct}}"
diff --git a/core/tests/test_jinja.py b/core/tests/test_jinja.py
index 4cae9e8f..b5624e9f 100644
--- a/core/tests/test_jinja.py
+++ b/core/tests/test_jinja.py
@@ -174,3 +174,52 @@ def test_default_filter_mixed_with_real_miss(self):
         with pytest.raises(MissingVariablesError) as exc:
             renderer.render('(§ a|default("") §) (§ b §)', {})
         assert exc.value.missing == ['b']
+
+
+class TestMathFilters:
+    """
+    The inline/disp/align filters delegate to MathObject.__format__.
+    disp and align accept an optional punctuation argument; inline does not.
+    """
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def renderer(self):
+        return MarkdownJinjaRenderer()
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def context(self):
+        from core.builder.context.quantities.math import MathObject
+        return {
+            'eq': MathObject('e1', 'a + b = c'),
+            'multi': MathObject('e2', 'a &= b + c \\\\\nb &= 2c'),
+        }
+
+    def test_inline_no_arg(self, renderer, context):
+        assert renderer.render('(§ eq | inline §)', context) == '$a + b = c$'
+
+    def test_inline_does_not_accept_punctuation(self, renderer, context):
+        """The inline filter takes no arguments; punctuation goes outside."""
+        with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+            renderer.render('(§ eq | inline(".") §)', context)
+
+    def test_disp_no_arg(self, renderer, context):
+        result = renderer.render('(§ eq | disp §)', context)
+        assert '    a + b = c\n$$' in result
+        assert '{#eq:e1}' in result
+
+    def test_disp_with_comma(self, renderer, context):
+        result = renderer.render('(§ eq | disp(",") §)', context)
+        assert '    a + b = c,\n$$' in result
+
+    def test_align_no_arg(self, renderer, context):
+        result = renderer.render('(§ multi | align §)', context)
+        assert '    b &= 2c\n}$$' in result
+
+    def test_align_with_period(self, renderer, context):
+        result = renderer.render('(§ multi | align(".") §)', context)
+        assert '    b &= 2c.\n}$$' in result
+
+    def test_invalid_punctuation_rejected(self, renderer, context):
+        """An unsupported punctuation char is reported with a friendly message."""
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Invalid trailing character 'x'"):
+            renderer.render('(§ eq | disp("x") §)', context)
diff --git a/core/tests/test_mathobject.py b/core/tests/test_mathobject.py
index 3aa3dcf2..ab7f8b92 100644
--- a/core/tests/test_mathobject.py
+++ b/core/tests/test_mathobject.py
@@ -62,13 +62,17 @@ def test_indents_each_line(self, multiline):
 
 class TestMathObjectInterpunction:
     """
-    A trailing punctuation character in the spec is appended to the math
-    content, so the equation can end a sentence cleanly.
+    For block specs (disp, align), a trailing punctuation character in the
+    spec is appended to the math content, so the equation can end a sentence
+    cleanly. Inline math doesn't accept punctuation — authors should write
+    it outside the closing `$`.
     """
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize("punct", list('.,;?!'))
-    def test_inline_with_punctuation(self, inline, punct):
-        assert f'{inline:{punct}}' == f'$a + b = c{punct}$'
+    def test_inline_punctuation_rejected(self, inline, punct):
+        """Inline math should not accept in-math punctuation."""
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Inline math does not accept"):
+            f'{inline:{punct}}'
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize("punct", list('.,;?!'))
     def test_disp_with_punctuation(self, inline, punct):
@@ -82,15 +86,18 @@ def test_align_with_punctuation(self, multiline, punct):
         # Punctuation lands after the last content line, before `\n}$$`.
         assert f'b &= 2c{punct}\n}}$$' in result
 
-    def test_punctuation_only_spec_treated_as_inline(self, inline):
-        """`:.` strips the period and falls through to the empty-spec branch."""
-        assert f'{inline:.}' == '$a + b = c.$'
-
-    def test_non_punctuation_char_not_stripped(self, inline):
-        """A trailing letter is not interpunction; the spec is rejected."""
-        with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError):
+    def test_invalid_punctuation_after_valid_base(self, inline):
+        """
+        A non-punctuation char following a recognised base spec is reported
+        specifically as bad punctuation, not as an unknown spec.
+        """
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Invalid trailing character 'x'"):
             f'{inline:dispx}'
 
+    def test_invalid_punctuation_after_align(self, inline):
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Invalid trailing character 'q'"):
+            f'{inline:alignq}'
+
 
 class TestMathObjectErrors:
     def test_unknown_spec(self, inline):
@@ -114,4 +121,4 @@ def test_preserves_internal_newlines(self):
         assert m.content == 'a\nb\nc'
 
     def test_repr(self, inline):
-        assert repr(inline) == "'$a + b = c$'"
\ No newline at end of file
+        assert repr(inline) == "'$a + b = c$'"
diff --git a/core/tests/test_quantities.py b/core/tests/test_quantities.py
index e07f5b75..f530415d 100644
--- a/core/tests/test_quantities.py
+++ b/core/tests/test_quantities.py
@@ -476,9 +476,8 @@ def m1(self):
     def m3(self):
         return PhysicsQuantity.construct(3, 'kg')
 
-    @pytest.mark.xfail(reason="swapped endpoints currently accepted silently")
     def test_swapped_endpoints_rejected(self, m1, m3):
-        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="must not exceed"):
             QuantityRange(m3, m1)
 
     def test_widen_positive_range(self, m1, m3):
@@ -694,4 +693,4 @@ def test_full_approx(self, g):
         """Previously crashed with `ValueError: Invalid format specifier`."""
         rendered = g.full_approx
         assert r'\qty{' in rendered
-        assert '9.8' in rendered
+        assert '9.8' in rendered
\ No newline at end of file

From e1e0b8f153c8e6ebf0d18d9aebaa6eae41bf46de Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Tue, 28 Apr 2026 13:08:47 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 12/46] Converted to new format

---
 core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py | 13 ++-
 core/builder/jinja.py                       |  4 +-
 core/tests/test_quantities.py               | 88 ++++++++++-----------
 3 files changed, 55 insertions(+), 50 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
index 8761eb29..96d42cc6 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
@@ -18,12 +18,18 @@ class PhysicsQuantity:
     """
 
     def __init__(self,
-                 quantity: u.Quantity,
+                 quantity: pint.Quantity | int | float,
                  *,
                  symbol: str = None,
                  si_extra: dict[str, str] = None,
                  force_f: bool = False):
-        self._quantity = quantity
+        if isinstance(quantity, pint.Quantity):
+            self._quantity = quantity
+        elif isinstance(quantity, numbers.Number):
+            self._quantity = u.Quantity(quantity, '1')
+        else:
+            raise TypeError(f"Cannot construct a {self.__class__.__qualname__} object from {quantity}")
+
         self._symbol = symbol
 
         self.si_extra = {} if si_extra is None else si_extra
@@ -117,7 +123,6 @@ def quantity(self):
     def quantity(self, value):
         raise TypeError(f"{self.__class__.__name__} ({value}) is immutable")
 
-    @property
     def mag(self):
         """ Return the internal magnitude. """
         return self._quantity.magnitude
@@ -302,7 +307,7 @@ def __init__(self,
         self.unit = minimum.unit
         self.maximum = maximum.to(self.unit)
 
-        if self.minimum.mag > self.maximum.mag:
+        if self.minimum.mag() > self.maximum.mag():
             raise ValueError(
                 f"QuantityRange minimum ({minimum}) "
                 f"must not exceed maximum ({maximum})"
diff --git a/core/builder/jinja.py b/core/builder/jinja.py
index cb32ea7b..1aa137a4 100644
--- a/core/builder/jinja.py
+++ b/core/builder/jinja.py
@@ -208,8 +208,8 @@ def __init__(self, **kwargs):
             'acos': np.acos,
             'atan': np.atan,
             'atan2': np.atan2,
-            'ceil': PhysicsQuantity.ceil,
-            'floor': PhysicsQuantity.floor,
+            'ceil': np.ceil,
+            'floor': np.floor,
             'sqrt': lambda x: (x ** 0.5),
             'cbrt': np.cbrt,
             'rad': np.radians,
diff --git a/core/tests/test_quantities.py b/core/tests/test_quantities.py
index f530415d..08a60245 100644
--- a/core/tests/test_quantities.py
+++ b/core/tests/test_quantities.py
@@ -264,24 +264,24 @@ def test_non_integer_digits_rejected(self):
 
     def test_symmetric_around_zero(self):
         """Positive and negative magnitudes must round symmetrically."""
-        pos = PhysicsQuantity.construct(1.55, 'kg').approximate(2).mag
-        neg = PhysicsQuantity.construct(-1.55, 'kg').approximate(2).mag
+        pos = PhysicsQuantity.construct(1.55, 'kg').approximate(2).mag()
+        neg = PhysicsQuantity.construct(-1.55, 'kg').approximate(2).mag()
         assert pos == -neg, f"asymmetric rounding: {pos} vs {neg}"
 
     def test_zero_magnitude(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(0.0, 'kg')
-        assert m.approximate(3).mag == 0.0
+        assert m.approximate(3).mag() == 0.0
 
     def test_significant_figures_one(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(123.456, 'kg')
-        assert m.approximate(1).mag == 100.0
+        assert m.approximate(1).mag() == 100.0
 
     def test_significant_figures_three(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(123.456, 'kg')
-        assert m.approximate(3).mag == 123.0
+        assert m.approximate(3).mag() == 123.0
 
 
-# --- PhysicsQuantity.mag -------------------------------------------------
+# --- PhysicsQuantity.mag() -------------------------------------------------
 
 
 class TestMag:
@@ -292,26 +292,26 @@ class TestMag:
     """
 
     def test_int_construction(self):
-        assert PhysicsQuantity.construct(7, 'kg').mag == 7
+        assert PhysicsQuantity.construct(7, 'kg').mag() == 7
 
     def test_float_construction(self):
-        assert PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.5, 'kg').mag == pytest.approx(5.5)
+        assert PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.5, 'kg').mag() == pytest.approx(5.5)
 
     def test_negative(self):
-        assert PhysicsQuantity.construct(-3.7, 'kg').mag == pytest.approx(-3.7)
+        assert PhysicsQuantity.construct(-3.7, 'kg').mag() == pytest.approx(-3.7)
 
     def test_dimensionless(self):
-        assert PhysicsQuantity.construct(2.5, '').mag == pytest.approx(2.5)
+        assert PhysicsQuantity.construct(2.5, '').mag() == pytest.approx(2.5)
 
     def test_after_unit_conversion(self):
         """`to()` may change int -> float as a side effect of conversion."""
         kg = PhysicsQuantity.construct(1, 'kilogram')
-        assert kg.to('gram').mag == pytest.approx(1000)
+        assert kg.to('gram').mag() == pytest.approx(1000)
 
     def test_mag_does_not_carry_units(self):
         """The bare magnitude is a number, not a pint Quantity."""
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5, 'kg')
-        assert not hasattr(m.mag, 'units')
+        assert not hasattr(m.mag(), 'units')
 
 
 # --- PhysicsQuantity.floor / .ceil --------------------------------------
@@ -326,37 +326,37 @@ class TestFloorCeil:
 
     def test_floor_positive(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.7, 'kg')
-        assert m.floor().mag == pytest.approx(5)
+        assert m.floor().mag() == pytest.approx(5)
 
     def test_ceil_positive(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.3, 'kg')
-        assert m.ceil().mag == pytest.approx(6)
+        assert m.ceil().mag() == pytest.approx(6)
 
     def test_floor_negative_rounds_toward_neg_inf(self):
         """floor(-2.3) is -3, not -2 (toward -inf, not toward zero)."""
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(-2.3, 'meter')
-        assert m.floor().mag == pytest.approx(-3)
+        assert m.floor().mag() == pytest.approx(-3)
 
     def test_ceil_negative_rounds_toward_pos_inf(self):
         """ceil(-2.3) is -2, not -3 (toward +inf, not toward zero)."""
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(-2.3, 'meter')
-        assert m.ceil().mag == pytest.approx(-2)
+        assert m.ceil().mag() == pytest.approx(-2)
 
     def test_floor_of_integer(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.0, 'kg')
-        assert m.floor().mag == pytest.approx(5)
+        assert m.floor().mag() == pytest.approx(5)
 
     def test_ceil_of_integer(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.0, 'kg')
-        assert m.ceil().mag == pytest.approx(5)
+        assert m.ceil().mag() == pytest.approx(5)
 
     def test_floor_of_zero(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(0, 'kg')
-        assert m.floor().mag == pytest.approx(0)
+        assert m.floor().mag() == pytest.approx(0)
 
     def test_ceil_of_zero(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(0, 'kg')
-        assert m.ceil().mag == pytest.approx(0)
+        assert m.ceil().mag() == pytest.approx(0)
 
     def test_floor_preserves_unit(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.7, 'kg')
@@ -399,7 +399,7 @@ def test_floor_dimensionless_renders_with_num(self):
     def test_floor_then_ceil_idempotent_on_floored_value(self):
         """ceil of a floored integer is the same value."""
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.7, 'kg')
-        assert m.floor().ceil().mag == pytest.approx(5)
+        assert m.floor().ceil().mag() == pytest.approx(5)
 
 
 # --- PhysicsQuantity.widen -----------------------------------------------
@@ -415,36 +415,36 @@ class TestQuantityWiden:
     def test_positive_value(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(100, 'meter')
         r = m.widen(0.05)
-        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(95)
-        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(105)
+        assert r.minimum.mag() == pytest.approx(95)
+        assert r.maximum.mag() == pytest.approx(105)
 
     def test_negative_value(self):
         """For x < 0, the result is still ordered (min < max)."""
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(-100, 'meter')
         r = m.widen(0.05)
-        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(-105)
-        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(-95)
+        assert r.minimum.mag() == pytest.approx(-105)
+        assert r.maximum.mag() == pytest.approx(-95)
 
     def test_large_factor_crosses_zero(self):
         """value >= 1 produces a range crossing zero."""
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(100, 'meter')
         r = m.widen(1.5)
-        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(-50)
-        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(250)
+        assert r.minimum.mag() == pytest.approx(-50)
+        assert r.maximum.mag() == pytest.approx(250)
 
     def test_zero_value(self):
         """widen on x == 0 gives a degenerate range at zero."""
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(0, 'meter')
         r = m.widen(0.1)
-        assert r.minimum.mag == 0
-        assert r.maximum.mag == 0
+        assert r.minimum.mag() == 0
+        assert r.maximum.mag() == 0
 
     def test_zero_factor(self):
         """widen(0) gives a degenerate range at the original value."""
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(42, 'meter')
         r = m.widen(0)
-        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(42)
-        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(42)
+        assert r.minimum.mag() == pytest.approx(42)
+        assert r.maximum.mag() == pytest.approx(42)
 
     def test_negative_factor_rejected(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(100, 'meter')
@@ -483,31 +483,31 @@ def test_swapped_endpoints_rejected(self, m1, m3):
     def test_widen_positive_range(self, m1, m3):
         """[1, 3] widened by 0.1: width grows from 2 to 2.2, symmetric around centre 2."""
         r = QuantityRange(m1, m3).widen(0.1)
-        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(0.9)
-        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(3.1)
+        assert r.minimum.mag() == pytest.approx(0.9)
+        assert r.maximum.mag() == pytest.approx(3.1)
 
     def test_widen_negative_range(self):
         """A negative-valued range must widen, not narrow."""
         a = PhysicsQuantity.construct(-3, 'kg')
         b = PhysicsQuantity.construct(-1, 'kg')
         r = QuantityRange(a, b).widen(0.1)
-        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(-3.1)
-        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(-0.9)
+        assert r.minimum.mag() == pytest.approx(-3.1)
+        assert r.maximum.mag() == pytest.approx(-0.9)
 
     def test_widen_zero_centred_range(self):
         """Range straddling zero widens symmetrically."""
         a = PhysicsQuantity.construct(-1, 'kg')
         b = PhysicsQuantity.construct(1, 'kg')
         r = QuantityRange(a, b).widen(0.5)
-        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(-1.5)
-        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(1.5)
+        assert r.minimum.mag() == pytest.approx(-1.5)
+        assert r.maximum.mag() == pytest.approx(1.5)
 
     def test_widen_large_factor_allowed(self, m1, m3):
         """value >= 1 is now permitted; the range simply grows substantially."""
         r = QuantityRange(m1, m3).widen(1.5)
         # Centre 2, half-width 1, scaled by 2.5 -> half-width 2.5
-        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(-0.5)
-        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(4.5)
+        assert r.minimum.mag() == pytest.approx(-0.5)
+        assert r.maximum.mag() == pytest.approx(4.5)
 
     def test_widen_negative_value_rejected(self, m1, m3):
         """widen(-0.1) would contract; reject so 'widen' stays honest about its name."""
@@ -517,15 +517,15 @@ def test_widen_negative_value_rejected(self, m1, m3):
     def test_widen_identity(self, m1, m3):
         """widen(0) returns an equivalent range."""
         r = QuantityRange(m1, m3).widen(0)
-        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(1)
-        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(3)
+        assert r.minimum.mag() == pytest.approx(1)
+        assert r.maximum.mag() == pytest.approx(3)
 
     def test_widen_degenerate_range(self):
         """A range with min==max stays degenerate; half-width is zero."""
         a = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5, 'kg')
         r = QuantityRange(a, a).widen(0.1)
-        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(5)
-        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(5)
+        assert r.minimum.mag() == pytest.approx(5)
+        assert r.maximum.mag() == pytest.approx(5)
 
 
 # --- si_extra clash detection --------------------------------------------
@@ -687,7 +687,7 @@ def test_full(self, g):
 
     def test_approx(self, g):
         """g with 2 digits rounds to 9.8 m/s^2."""
-        assert g.approx.mag == pytest.approx(9.8)
+        assert g.approx.mag() == pytest.approx(9.8)
 
     def test_full_approx(self, g):
         """Previously crashed with `ValueError: Invalid format specifier`."""

From e649e0f47264735ca751746a260cc5ab665dc311 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Tue, 28 Apr 2026 14:13:00 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 13/46] Fixed resurfacing bugs

---
 core/builder/jinja.py |  5 ++---
 core/latex/math.tex   | 44 +++++++++++++++++++++----------------------
 2 files changed, 24 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/builder/jinja.py b/core/builder/jinja.py
index 1aa137a4..f18405b5 100644
--- a/core/builder/jinja.py
+++ b/core/builder/jinja.py
@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@ def __str__(self):
     return CollectUndefined
 
 
-
 class JinjaRenderer:
     """
     A wrapper class for rendering Jinja2 templates.
@@ -208,8 +207,8 @@ def __init__(self, **kwargs):
             'acos': np.acos,
             'atan': np.atan,
             'atan2': np.atan2,
-            'ceil': np.ceil,
-            'floor': np.floor,
+            'ceil': lambda x: PhysicsQuantity.ceil if isinstance(x, PhysicsQuantity) else np.ceil(x),
+            'floor': lambda x: PhysicsQuantity.floor if isinstance(x, PhysicsQuantity) else np.floor(x),
             'sqrt': lambda x: (x ** 0.5),
             'cbrt': np.cbrt,
             'rad': np.radians,
diff --git a/core/latex/math.tex b/core/latex/math.tex
index 172cb533..1986d8e7 100644
--- a/core/latex/math.tex
+++ b/core/latex/math.tex
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Operators %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
 
-\ExplSyntaxOn
 \makeatletter
 
 % Patch \left and \right with package mleftright
@@ -8,19 +7,26 @@
 \let\right\mright
 
 % Internal parentheses
-\DeclarePairedDelimiter{\dgs_paren@}{(}{)}
-\DeclarePairedDelimiter{\dgs_abs@}{\lvert}{\rvert}
-\DeclarePairedDelimiter{\dgs_floor@}{\lfloor}{\rfloor}
-\DeclarePairedDelimiter{\dgs_ceil@}{\lceil}{\rceil}
+\DeclarePairedDelimiter{\dgsparen@}{(}{)}
+\DeclarePairedDelimiter{\dgsbracket@}{[}{]}
+\DeclarePairedDelimiter{\dgsabs@}{\lvert}{\rvert}
+\DeclarePairedDelimiter{\dgsfloor@}{\lfloor}{\rfloor}
+\DeclarePairedDelimiter{\dgsceil@}{\lceil}{\rceil}
+\DeclarePairedDelimiter{\dgschevrons@}{\langle}{\rangle}
 
 % Nice parentheses
-\NewDocumentCommand{\Paren}{m}{\dgs_paren@*{#1}}
-\NewDocumentCommand{\Abs}{m}{\dgs_abs@*{#1}}
+\NewDocumentCommand{\Paren}{m}{\dgsparen@*{#1}}
+\NewDocumentCommand{\Abs}{m}{\dgsabs@*{#1}}
 % Shorthands for floor and ceiling functions
-\NewDocumentCommand{\Floor}{m}{\dgs_floor@*{#1}}
-\NewDocumentCommand{\Ceil}{m}{\dgs_ceil@*{#1}}
+\NewDocumentCommand{\Floor}{m}{\dgsfloor@*{#1}}
+\NewDocumentCommand{\Ceil}{m}{\dgsceil@*{#1}}
+
+\NewDocumentCommand{\ExpectedChevrons}{m o}{\dgschevrons@*{#1}\IfNoValueTF{#2}{}{_#2}}
+\NewDocumentCommand{\ExpectedE}{m o}{\mathrm{E}\dgsbrackets@*{#1}\IfNoValueTF{#2}{}{_#2}}
+\NewDocumentCommand{\Expected}{m o}{\ExpectedE{#1}[#2]}
 
 % List of differentials
+\ExplSyntaxOn
 \NewDocumentCommand{\cdiff}{O{,} m m}{\dgs_split_diff:nnn {#1} {#2} {#3}}
 
 \cs_new_protected:Npn \dgs_split_diff:nnn #1 #2 #3 {
@@ -169,28 +175,27 @@
 }%
 
 
-\ExplSyntaxOn
 % Generic 1D integral
 % [lower limit]
 % [upper limit]
 % {integrand}
 % {differential}
 % [operation] between integrand and differential, such as \cdot or \times
-\NewDocumentCommand{\dgs_int@}{O{} O{} O{} m O{}}{\int\limits_{#1}^{#2} #3#5\diff@#4}
+\NewDocumentCommand{\dgsint}{O{} O{} O{} m O{}}{\int\limits_{#1}^{#2} #3#5\diff@#4}
 
 % Basic integral from #1 to #2 of #3 with respect to #4
 % Usage \Int[0][1]{x^2}{x}
-\NewDocumentCommand{\Int}{O{} O{} m m}{\dgs_int@[#1][#2][#3]{#4}[]}
-\NewDocumentCommand{\IntP}{O{} O{} m m}{\dgs_int@[#1][#2][\left(#3\right)]{#4}[]}
+\NewDocumentCommand{\Int}{O{} O{} m m}{\dgsint[#1][#2][#3]{#4}[]}
+\NewDocumentCommand{\IntP}{O{} O{} m m}{\dgsint[#1][#2][\left(#3\right)]{#4}[]}
 % Empty integral for operations on expressions
 \NewDocumentCommand{\IntX}{O{} O{} m}{\int\limits_{#1}^{#2}{#3}}
-\NewDocumentCommand{\IntE}{O{} O{} m}{\dgs_int@[#1][#2][]{#3}[]}
+\NewDocumentCommand{\IntE}{O{} O{} m}{\dgsint[#1][#2][]{#3}[]}
 % Integral from #1 to #2 of dot product of #3 and d#4
-\NewDocumentCommand{\IntD}{O{} O{} m m}{\dgs_int@[#1][#2][#3]{#4}[\cdot]}
+\NewDocumentCommand{\IntD}{O{} O{} m m}{\dgsint[#1][#2][#3]{#4}[\cdot]}
 % ...auto-vectorized version
 \NewDocumentCommand{\IntDV}{O{} O{} m m}{\IntD[#1][#2]{\vec{#3}}{\vec{#4}}}
 % Integral from #1 to #2 of cross product of #3 and d#4
-\NewDocumentCommand{\IntC}{O{} O{} m m}{\dgs_int@[#1][#2][#3]{#4}[\times]}
+\NewDocumentCommand{\IntC}{O{} O{} m m}{\dgsint[#1][#2][#3]{#4}[\times]}
 % ...auto-vectorized version
 \NewDocumentCommand{\IntCV}{O{} O{} m m}{\IntC[#1][#2]{\vec{#3}}{\vec{#4}}}
 
@@ -246,9 +251,6 @@
 
 \DeclareMathOperator{\del}{\raisebox{0.06em}{\ensuremath{\vec{\nabla}}}}
 
-\ExplSyntaxOff
-
-
 \DeclareMathOperator{\Grad}{\del\!}
 \DeclareMathOperator{\GradT}{grad}
 \NewDocumentCommand{\GradV}{m}{\Grad{\vec{#1}}}
@@ -324,8 +326,6 @@
 \NewDocumentCommand{\Distribution}{m o m}{#1\left(\IfNoValueTF{#2}{}{#2 \mid}#3\right)}
 
 % Statistics
-\NewDocumentCommand{\ExpectedChevrons}{m}{\left\langle#1\right\rangle}
-\NewDocumentCommand{\ExpectedE}{m}{\mathrm{E}\left[#1\right]}
 \NewDocumentCommand{\Mean}{m}{\overline{#1}}
 \NewDocumentCommand{\Var}{m}{\mathrm{Var}\left(#1\right)}
 \NewDocumentCommand{\MSE}{m}{\mathrm{MSE}\left({#1}\right)}
@@ -447,7 +447,6 @@
 \NewDocumentCommand{\kth}{m}{\ensuremath{#1^{\text{th}}}}
 
 % Defaults for multi-notation
-\NewDocumentCommand{\Expected}{m}{\ExpectedE{#1}}
 \NewDocumentCommand{\OneHalf}{}{\text{½}}
 
 \NewDocumentCommand{\OneThird}{}{\text{⅓}}
@@ -456,3 +455,4 @@
 \NewDocumentCommand{\OneQuarter}{}{\text{¼}}
 \NewDocumentCommand{\ThreeQuarters}{}{\text{¾}}
 % (and maybe more but later)
+\makeatother
\ No newline at end of file

From 611d49f211cb94f40ec0e0a9d61583598123b7ac Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Tue, 28 Apr 2026 21:56:36 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 14/46] Microfixes on train

---
 core/builder/jinja.py | 9 +++------
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/builder/jinja.py b/core/builder/jinja.py
index f18405b5..aed31da1 100644
--- a/core/builder/jinja.py
+++ b/core/builder/jinja.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 import os
 import numpy as np
 
-from typing import Any
+from typing import Any, Callable
 
 from core.builder.context.quantities import PhysicsQuantity, QuantityRange
 from core.utilities import colour as c, logger
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ class MarkdownJinjaRenderer(JinjaRenderer):
     Includes mathematical functions, basic constants, and numerous formatting filters.
     """
     @staticmethod
-    def __generate_format_functions(func, tag):
+    def __generate_format_functions(func: Callable[[Any], Callable], tag: str):
         """
         Generate formatting function shorthands for a particular format and all precisions between 0 and 9.
         """
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ def __init__(self, **kwargs):
             'ng': latex.num_general,
             'ef': latex.equals_float,
             'eg': latex.equals_general,
-            'w': lambda obj, value: obj.widen(value),
+            'w': lambda obj, value: obj.widen(value),      # This is so that we can call it on both Quantity and Range
             'widen': lambda obj, value: obj.widen(value),
             'mag': PhysicsQuantity.mag,
         } |
@@ -223,9 +223,6 @@ def __init__(self, **kwargs):
             'pi': np.pi,
             'tau': math.tau,
             'euler': math.e,
-        } | {
-            'KtoC': lambda x: x - 273.15,
-            'CtoK': lambda x: x + 273.15,
         }
 
     def _render(self,

From d23b30dab7235a31a76ca960c3510b6a82b873e2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Fri, 1 May 2026 11:14:24 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 15/46] Added only_unit, reverted unit from property

---
 core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py | 11 ++++++++---
 core/builder/jinja.py                       |  2 ++
 core/data/constants.yaml                    |  3 ++-
 core/tests/test_quantities.py               |  8 ++++----
 4 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
index 96d42cc6..2d1631bf 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
@@ -127,7 +127,6 @@ def mag(self):
         """ Return the internal magnitude. """
         return self._quantity.magnitude
 
-    @property
     def unit(self):
         """ Return the internal unit. """
         return self._quantity.units
@@ -148,6 +147,12 @@ def to(self, what):
     def simplify(self):
         return PhysicsQuantity(self._quantity.to_base_units(), symbol=self._symbol, si_extra=self.si_extra)
 
+    def only_unit(self):
+        fragments = self.format_struct(fmt='f')
+        si_extra = self.format_si_extra(self.si_extra)
+        unit = f"{{{fragments['unit']}}}" if fragments['unit'] else '1'
+        return rf'\unit{si_extra}{unit}'
+
     def widen(self, value: float) -> "QuantityRange":
         """
         Construct a tolerance range from this quantity:
@@ -304,7 +309,7 @@ def __init__(self,
         # QuantityRange(1 kg, 500 g) work correctly. Incompatible units raise
         # the underlying pint DimensionalityError.
         self.minimum = minimum
-        self.unit = minimum.unit
+        self.unit = minimum.unit()
         self.maximum = maximum.to(self.unit)
 
         if self.minimum.mag() > self.maximum.mag():
@@ -371,7 +376,7 @@ def __init__(self,
         # First, try to force same units everywhere. If it works, good, if it does not, a pint error will be raised.
         assert len(qs) > 0, \
             f"{self.__class__.__name__} must have at least one quantity"
-        self.qs = [q.to(qs[0].unit) for q in qs]
+        self.qs = [q.to(qs[0].unit()) for q in qs]
 
         self.si_extra = strict_merge(*(q.si_extra for q in self.qs))
 
diff --git a/core/builder/jinja.py b/core/builder/jinja.py
index aed31da1..daf5b69b 100644
--- a/core/builder/jinja.py
+++ b/core/builder/jinja.py
@@ -185,6 +185,8 @@ def __init__(self, **kwargs):
             'w': lambda obj, value: obj.widen(value),      # This is so that we can call it on both Quantity and Range
             'widen': lambda obj, value: obj.widen(value),
             'mag': PhysicsQuantity.mag,
+            'unit': PhysicsQuantity.only_unit,
+            'sim': PhysicsQuantity.simplify,
         } |
         self.__generate_format_functions(numbers.format_float, 'f') |
         self.__generate_format_functions(numbers.format_general, 'g') |
diff --git a/core/data/constants.yaml b/core/data/constants.yaml
index 72120180..b090303f 100644
--- a/core/data/constants.yaml
+++ b/core/data/constants.yaml
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ gravity:
     symbol:     "G"
     aliases:    ['G']
     magnitude:  6.67430e-11
-    unit:       "newton metre squared / kilogram squared"
+    unit:       "kg^(-1) m^3 s^(-2)"
     digits:     3
 
 ### Imperial
@@ -202,6 +202,7 @@ boltzmann:
     symbol:     "k_B"
     magnitude:  1.380649e-23
     unit:       "joule / kelvin"
+    aliases:    ['k_B']
     digits:     3
 
 stefan_boltzmann:
diff --git a/core/tests/test_quantities.py b/core/tests/test_quantities.py
index 08a60245..4c4f6dcc 100644
--- a/core/tests/test_quantities.py
+++ b/core/tests/test_quantities.py
@@ -360,11 +360,11 @@ def test_ceil_of_zero(self):
 
     def test_floor_preserves_unit(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.7, 'kg')
-        assert m.floor().unit == m.unit
+        assert m.floor().unit() == m.unit()
 
     def test_ceil_preserves_unit(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.7, 'kg')
-        assert m.ceil().unit == m.unit
+        assert m.ceil().unit() == m.unit()
 
     def test_floor_returns_physics_quantity(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.7, 'kg')
@@ -454,8 +454,8 @@ def test_negative_factor_rejected(self):
     def test_unit_preserved(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(100, 'meter')
         r = m.widen(0.1)
-        assert r.minimum.unit == r.maximum.unit
-        assert str(r.minimum.unit) == 'meter'
+        assert r.minimum.unit() == r.maximum.unit()
+        assert str(r.minimum.unit()) == 'meter'
 
     def test_returns_quantity_range(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5, 'kg')

From 6bc435334e7b4b6e413fa2ed921ff98978b336c4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Fri, 1 May 2026 11:16:24 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 16/46] Docstrings

---
 core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py | 3 +++
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+)

diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
index 2d1631bf..2cace9b8 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
@@ -121,6 +121,7 @@ def quantity(self):
 
     @quantity.setter
     def quantity(self, value):
+        """ No setter: PhysicsQuantity is immutable. """
         raise TypeError(f"{self.__class__.__name__} ({value}) is immutable")
 
     def mag(self):
@@ -148,6 +149,8 @@ def simplify(self):
         return PhysicsQuantity(self._quantity.to_base_units(), symbol=self._symbol, si_extra=self.si_extra)
 
     def only_unit(self):
+        """ Return a nicely formatted unit (\unit{...} in siunitx format)
+        """
         fragments = self.format_struct(fmt='f')
         si_extra = self.format_si_extra(self.si_extra)
         unit = f"{{{fragments['unit']}}}" if fragments['unit'] else '1'

From b31e33948d4335bed4f9fe5493b5c29602374648 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Fri, 1 May 2026 11:25:56 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 17/46] Claude's tests

---
 core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py |  7 +-
 core/tests/test_quantities.py               | 72 ++++++++++++++++++++-
 2 files changed, 74 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
index 2cace9b8..a46f3512 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
@@ -149,11 +149,10 @@ def simplify(self):
         return PhysicsQuantity(self._quantity.to_base_units(), symbol=self._symbol, si_extra=self.si_extra)
 
     def only_unit(self):
-        """ Return a nicely formatted unit (\unit{...} in siunitx format)
-        """
-        fragments = self.format_struct(fmt='f')
+        r""" Return a nicely formatted unit (\unit{...} in siunitx format) """
+        fragments = self.format_struct(fmt='g')
         si_extra = self.format_si_extra(self.si_extra)
-        unit = f"{{{fragments['unit']}}}" if fragments['unit'] else '1'
+        unit = f"{{{fragments['unit']}}}" if fragments['unit'] else '{1}'
         return rf'\unit{si_extra}{unit}'
 
     def widen(self, value: float) -> "QuantityRange":
diff --git a/core/tests/test_quantities.py b/core/tests/test_quantities.py
index 4c4f6dcc..e320ea4b 100644
--- a/core/tests/test_quantities.py
+++ b/core/tests/test_quantities.py
@@ -284,6 +284,76 @@ def test_significant_figures_three(self):
 # --- PhysicsQuantity.mag() -------------------------------------------------
 
 
+class TestOnlyUnit:
+    """
+    `only_unit()` returns the unit of a quantity formatted as a siunitx
+    `\\unit{...}` command, without the magnitude.  The output can be used
+    in templates where you want to print the unit separately from the value.
+    """
+
+    def test_kilogram(self):
+        assert PhysicsQuantity.construct(5, 'kg').only_unit() == r'\unit{\kilo\gram}'
+
+    def test_meter_per_second_squared(self):
+        assert PhysicsQuantity.construct(9.8, 'meter/second^2').only_unit() == \
+               r'\unit{\meter\per\second\squared}'
+
+    def test_meter_per_second(self):
+        assert PhysicsQuantity.construct(10, 'meter/second').only_unit() == \
+               r'\unit{\meter\per\second}'
+
+    def test_celsius(self):
+        """Degree-Celsius is converted to siunitx \\celsius."""
+        from pint import UnitRegistry as u
+        T = PhysicsQuantity(u.Quantity(25, 'degree_Celsius'))
+        assert T.only_unit() == r'\unit{\celsius}'
+
+    def test_joule(self):
+        assert PhysicsQuantity.construct(1.5, 'joule').only_unit() == r'\unit{\joule}'
+
+    def test_pascal(self):
+        assert PhysicsQuantity.construct(101325, 'Pa').only_unit() == r'\unit{\pascal}'
+
+    def test_dimensionless_gives_unit_one(self):
+        """A dimensionless quantity produces \\unit{1}."""
+        d = PhysicsQuantity.construct(3.14, '')
+        assert d.only_unit() == r'\unit{1}'
+
+    def test_si_extra_included(self):
+        """si_extra options appear between \\unit and the braces."""
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5, 'kg', si_extra={'round-mode': 'figures'})
+        assert m.only_unit() == r'\unit[round-mode=figures]{\kilo\gram}'
+
+    def test_symbol_ignored(self):
+        """The symbol is a display label for the quantity, not part of its unit."""
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5, 'meter', symbol='d')
+        assert m.only_unit() == r'\unit{\meter}'
+
+    def test_after_unit_conversion(self):
+        """Unit reflects the converted unit, not the original."""
+        g = PhysicsQuantity.construct(1000, 'gram').to('kilogram')
+        assert g.only_unit() == r'\unit{\kilo\gram}'
+
+    def test_magnitude_does_not_appear(self):
+        """Sanity check: the output contains no numeric characters."""
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(12345.678, 'kg')
+        result = m.only_unit()
+        assert not any(c.isdigit() for c in result), \
+            f"Magnitude appeared in unit output: {result!r}"
+
+    def test_starts_with_unit_command(self):
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5, 'kg')
+        assert m.only_unit().startswith(r'\unit')
+
+    def test_jinja_filter(self):
+        """The `| unit` Jinja filter wires correctly to only_unit()."""
+        from core.builder.jinja import MarkdownJinjaRenderer
+        renderer = MarkdownJinjaRenderer()
+        ctx = {'q': PhysicsQuantity.construct(9.8, 'meter/second^2')}
+        result = renderer.render('(§ q | unit §)', ctx)
+        assert result == r'\unit{\meter\per\second\squared}'
+
+
 class TestMag:
     """
     `mag` is a thin accessor for the underlying pint magnitude. It returns
@@ -693,4 +763,4 @@ def test_full_approx(self, g):
         """Previously crashed with `ValueError: Invalid format specifier`."""
         rendered = g.full_approx
         assert r'\qty{' in rendered
-        assert '9.8' in rendered
\ No newline at end of file
+        assert '9.8' in rendered

From bcd4091a3ae9ff654217632e2f4bf0481e921352 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Fri, 1 May 2026 12:16:48 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 18/46] Restored properties, added .minted to .gitignore

---
 .gitignore                                  |  1 +
 core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py | 10 ++-
 core/builder/jinja.py                       |  6 +-
 core/tests/test_quantities.py               | 96 ++++++++++-----------
 4 files changed, 58 insertions(+), 55 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 82123e09..a105c62e 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -19,3 +19,4 @@ source/
 _*/
 .idea/*
 svg-inkscape/
+*.minted
diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
index a46f3512..6c22a448 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
@@ -124,10 +124,12 @@ def quantity(self, value):
         """ No setter: PhysicsQuantity is immutable. """
         raise TypeError(f"{self.__class__.__name__} ({value}) is immutable")
 
+    @property
     def mag(self):
         """ Return the internal magnitude. """
         return self._quantity.magnitude
 
+    @property
     def unit(self):
         """ Return the internal unit. """
         return self._quantity.units
@@ -311,10 +313,10 @@ def __init__(self,
         # QuantityRange(1 kg, 500 g) work correctly. Incompatible units raise
         # the underlying pint DimensionalityError.
         self.minimum = minimum
-        self.unit = minimum.unit()
+        self.unit = minimum.unit
         self.maximum = maximum.to(self.unit)
 
-        if self.minimum.mag() > self.maximum.mag():
+        if self.minimum.mag > self.maximum.mag:
             raise ValueError(
                 f"QuantityRange minimum ({minimum}) "
                 f"must not exceed maximum ({maximum})"
@@ -378,7 +380,7 @@ def __init__(self,
         # First, try to force same units everywhere. If it works, good, if it does not, a pint error will be raised.
         assert len(qs) > 0, \
             f"{self.__class__.__name__} must have at least one quantity"
-        self.qs = [q.to(qs[0].unit()) for q in qs]
+        self.qs = [q.to(qs[0].unit) for q in qs]
 
         self.si_extra = strict_merge(*(q.si_extra for q in self.qs))
 
@@ -399,4 +401,4 @@ def __format__(self, fmt: str):
         return rf'\{cmd}{si_extraf}{magf}{unitf}'
 
     def __str__(self):
-        return format(self, 'g')
\ No newline at end of file
+        return format(self, 'g')
diff --git a/core/builder/jinja.py b/core/builder/jinja.py
index daf5b69b..d8614b4a 100644
--- a/core/builder/jinja.py
+++ b/core/builder/jinja.py
@@ -174,7 +174,8 @@ def __init__(self, **kwargs):
                          variable_end_string='§)',
                          **kwargs)
 
-        self.env.filters |= ({
+        self.env.filters |= (
+        {
             'f': numbers.format_float,
             'g': numbers.format_general,
             'n': latex.num,
@@ -184,7 +185,7 @@ def __init__(self, **kwargs):
             'eg': latex.equals_general,
             'w': lambda obj, value: obj.widen(value),      # This is so that we can call it on both Quantity and Range
             'widen': lambda obj, value: obj.widen(value),
-            'mag': PhysicsQuantity.mag,
+            'mag': lambda q: q.mag,
             'unit': PhysicsQuantity.only_unit,
             'sim': PhysicsQuantity.simplify,
         } |
@@ -231,4 +232,3 @@ def _render(self,
                 template: str,
                 context: dict[str, Any]):
         return self.env.from_string(template).render(**context)
-
diff --git a/core/tests/test_quantities.py b/core/tests/test_quantities.py
index e320ea4b..1e7bcfd6 100644
--- a/core/tests/test_quantities.py
+++ b/core/tests/test_quantities.py
@@ -264,24 +264,24 @@ def test_non_integer_digits_rejected(self):
 
     def test_symmetric_around_zero(self):
         """Positive and negative magnitudes must round symmetrically."""
-        pos = PhysicsQuantity.construct(1.55, 'kg').approximate(2).mag()
-        neg = PhysicsQuantity.construct(-1.55, 'kg').approximate(2).mag()
+        pos = PhysicsQuantity.construct(1.55, 'kg').approximate(2).mag
+        neg = PhysicsQuantity.construct(-1.55, 'kg').approximate(2).mag
         assert pos == -neg, f"asymmetric rounding: {pos} vs {neg}"
 
     def test_zero_magnitude(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(0.0, 'kg')
-        assert m.approximate(3).mag() == 0.0
+        assert m.approximate(3).mag == 0.0
 
     def test_significant_figures_one(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(123.456, 'kg')
-        assert m.approximate(1).mag() == 100.0
+        assert m.approximate(1).mag == 100.0
 
     def test_significant_figures_three(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(123.456, 'kg')
-        assert m.approximate(3).mag() == 123.0
+        assert m.approximate(3).mag == 123.0
 
 
-# --- PhysicsQuantity.mag() -------------------------------------------------
+# --- PhysicsQuantity.mag -------------------------------------------------
 
 
 class TestOnlyUnit:
@@ -362,26 +362,26 @@ class TestMag:
     """
 
     def test_int_construction(self):
-        assert PhysicsQuantity.construct(7, 'kg').mag() == 7
+        assert PhysicsQuantity.construct(7, 'kg').mag == 7
 
     def test_float_construction(self):
-        assert PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.5, 'kg').mag() == pytest.approx(5.5)
+        assert PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.5, 'kg').mag == pytest.approx(5.5)
 
     def test_negative(self):
-        assert PhysicsQuantity.construct(-3.7, 'kg').mag() == pytest.approx(-3.7)
+        assert PhysicsQuantity.construct(-3.7, 'kg').mag == pytest.approx(-3.7)
 
     def test_dimensionless(self):
-        assert PhysicsQuantity.construct(2.5, '').mag() == pytest.approx(2.5)
+        assert PhysicsQuantity.construct(2.5, '').mag == pytest.approx(2.5)
 
     def test_after_unit_conversion(self):
         """`to()` may change int -> float as a side effect of conversion."""
         kg = PhysicsQuantity.construct(1, 'kilogram')
-        assert kg.to('gram').mag() == pytest.approx(1000)
+        assert kg.to('gram').mag == pytest.approx(1000)
 
     def test_mag_does_not_carry_units(self):
         """The bare magnitude is a number, not a pint Quantity."""
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5, 'kg')
-        assert not hasattr(m.mag(), 'units')
+        assert not hasattr(m.mag, 'units')
 
 
 # --- PhysicsQuantity.floor / .ceil --------------------------------------
@@ -396,45 +396,45 @@ class TestFloorCeil:
 
     def test_floor_positive(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.7, 'kg')
-        assert m.floor().mag() == pytest.approx(5)
+        assert m.floor().mag == pytest.approx(5)
 
     def test_ceil_positive(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.3, 'kg')
-        assert m.ceil().mag() == pytest.approx(6)
+        assert m.ceil().mag == pytest.approx(6)
 
     def test_floor_negative_rounds_toward_neg_inf(self):
         """floor(-2.3) is -3, not -2 (toward -inf, not toward zero)."""
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(-2.3, 'meter')
-        assert m.floor().mag() == pytest.approx(-3)
+        assert m.floor().mag == pytest.approx(-3)
 
     def test_ceil_negative_rounds_toward_pos_inf(self):
         """ceil(-2.3) is -2, not -3 (toward +inf, not toward zero)."""
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(-2.3, 'meter')
-        assert m.ceil().mag() == pytest.approx(-2)
+        assert m.ceil().mag == pytest.approx(-2)
 
     def test_floor_of_integer(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.0, 'kg')
-        assert m.floor().mag() == pytest.approx(5)
+        assert m.floor().mag == pytest.approx(5)
 
     def test_ceil_of_integer(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.0, 'kg')
-        assert m.ceil().mag() == pytest.approx(5)
+        assert m.ceil().mag == pytest.approx(5)
 
     def test_floor_of_zero(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(0, 'kg')
-        assert m.floor().mag() == pytest.approx(0)
+        assert m.floor().mag == pytest.approx(0)
 
     def test_ceil_of_zero(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(0, 'kg')
-        assert m.ceil().mag() == pytest.approx(0)
+        assert m.ceil().mag == pytest.approx(0)
 
     def test_floor_preserves_unit(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.7, 'kg')
-        assert m.floor().unit() == m.unit()
+        assert m.floor().unit == m.unit
 
     def test_ceil_preserves_unit(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.7, 'kg')
-        assert m.ceil().unit() == m.unit()
+        assert m.ceil().unit == m.unit
 
     def test_floor_returns_physics_quantity(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.7, 'kg')
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ def test_floor_dimensionless_renders_with_num(self):
     def test_floor_then_ceil_idempotent_on_floored_value(self):
         """ceil of a floored integer is the same value."""
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5.7, 'kg')
-        assert m.floor().ceil().mag() == pytest.approx(5)
+        assert m.floor().ceil().mag == pytest.approx(5)
 
 
 # --- PhysicsQuantity.widen -----------------------------------------------
@@ -485,36 +485,36 @@ class TestQuantityWiden:
     def test_positive_value(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(100, 'meter')
         r = m.widen(0.05)
-        assert r.minimum.mag() == pytest.approx(95)
-        assert r.maximum.mag() == pytest.approx(105)
+        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(95)
+        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(105)
 
     def test_negative_value(self):
         """For x < 0, the result is still ordered (min < max)."""
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(-100, 'meter')
         r = m.widen(0.05)
-        assert r.minimum.mag() == pytest.approx(-105)
-        assert r.maximum.mag() == pytest.approx(-95)
+        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(-105)
+        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(-95)
 
     def test_large_factor_crosses_zero(self):
         """value >= 1 produces a range crossing zero."""
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(100, 'meter')
         r = m.widen(1.5)
-        assert r.minimum.mag() == pytest.approx(-50)
-        assert r.maximum.mag() == pytest.approx(250)
+        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(-50)
+        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(250)
 
     def test_zero_value(self):
         """widen on x == 0 gives a degenerate range at zero."""
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(0, 'meter')
         r = m.widen(0.1)
-        assert r.minimum.mag() == 0
-        assert r.maximum.mag() == 0
+        assert r.minimum.mag == 0
+        assert r.maximum.mag == 0
 
     def test_zero_factor(self):
         """widen(0) gives a degenerate range at the original value."""
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(42, 'meter')
         r = m.widen(0)
-        assert r.minimum.mag() == pytest.approx(42)
-        assert r.maximum.mag() == pytest.approx(42)
+        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(42)
+        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(42)
 
     def test_negative_factor_rejected(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(100, 'meter')
@@ -524,8 +524,8 @@ def test_negative_factor_rejected(self):
     def test_unit_preserved(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(100, 'meter')
         r = m.widen(0.1)
-        assert r.minimum.unit() == r.maximum.unit()
-        assert str(r.minimum.unit()) == 'meter'
+        assert r.minimum.unit == r.maximum.unit
+        assert str(r.minimum.unit) == 'meter'
 
     def test_returns_quantity_range(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5, 'kg')
@@ -553,31 +553,31 @@ def test_swapped_endpoints_rejected(self, m1, m3):
     def test_widen_positive_range(self, m1, m3):
         """[1, 3] widened by 0.1: width grows from 2 to 2.2, symmetric around centre 2."""
         r = QuantityRange(m1, m3).widen(0.1)
-        assert r.minimum.mag() == pytest.approx(0.9)
-        assert r.maximum.mag() == pytest.approx(3.1)
+        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(0.9)
+        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(3.1)
 
     def test_widen_negative_range(self):
         """A negative-valued range must widen, not narrow."""
         a = PhysicsQuantity.construct(-3, 'kg')
         b = PhysicsQuantity.construct(-1, 'kg')
         r = QuantityRange(a, b).widen(0.1)
-        assert r.minimum.mag() == pytest.approx(-3.1)
-        assert r.maximum.mag() == pytest.approx(-0.9)
+        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(-3.1)
+        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(-0.9)
 
     def test_widen_zero_centred_range(self):
         """Range straddling zero widens symmetrically."""
         a = PhysicsQuantity.construct(-1, 'kg')
         b = PhysicsQuantity.construct(1, 'kg')
         r = QuantityRange(a, b).widen(0.5)
-        assert r.minimum.mag() == pytest.approx(-1.5)
-        assert r.maximum.mag() == pytest.approx(1.5)
+        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(-1.5)
+        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(1.5)
 
     def test_widen_large_factor_allowed(self, m1, m3):
         """value >= 1 is now permitted; the range simply grows substantially."""
         r = QuantityRange(m1, m3).widen(1.5)
         # Centre 2, half-width 1, scaled by 2.5 -> half-width 2.5
-        assert r.minimum.mag() == pytest.approx(-0.5)
-        assert r.maximum.mag() == pytest.approx(4.5)
+        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(-0.5)
+        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(4.5)
 
     def test_widen_negative_value_rejected(self, m1, m3):
         """widen(-0.1) would contract; reject so 'widen' stays honest about its name."""
@@ -587,15 +587,15 @@ def test_widen_negative_value_rejected(self, m1, m3):
     def test_widen_identity(self, m1, m3):
         """widen(0) returns an equivalent range."""
         r = QuantityRange(m1, m3).widen(0)
-        assert r.minimum.mag() == pytest.approx(1)
-        assert r.maximum.mag() == pytest.approx(3)
+        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(1)
+        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(3)
 
     def test_widen_degenerate_range(self):
         """A range with min==max stays degenerate; half-width is zero."""
         a = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5, 'kg')
         r = QuantityRange(a, a).widen(0.1)
-        assert r.minimum.mag() == pytest.approx(5)
-        assert r.maximum.mag() == pytest.approx(5)
+        assert r.minimum.mag == pytest.approx(5)
+        assert r.maximum.mag == pytest.approx(5)
 
 
 # --- si_extra clash detection --------------------------------------------
@@ -757,7 +757,7 @@ def test_full(self, g):
 
     def test_approx(self, g):
         """g with 2 digits rounds to 9.8 m/s^2."""
-        assert g.approx.mag() == pytest.approx(9.8)
+        assert g.approx.mag == pytest.approx(9.8)
 
     def test_full_approx(self, g):
         """Previously crashed with `ValueError: Invalid format specifier`."""

From 4c3c2828d79f97115dfa5a859920c49cfd93bbb8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Tue, 14 Jul 2026 13:07:23 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 19/46] Switched to uv

---
 Pipfile                   |  30 --
 Pipfile.lock              | 902 --------------------------------------
 core/builder/convertor.py |   4 +-
 pyproject.toml            |  25 ++
 uv.lock                   | 499 +++++++++++++++++++++
 5 files changed, 526 insertions(+), 934 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 Pipfile
 delete mode 100644 Pipfile.lock
 create mode 100644 pyproject.toml
 create mode 100644 uv.lock

diff --git a/Pipfile b/Pipfile
deleted file mode 100644
index c073ef6b..00000000
--- a/Pipfile
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-[[source]]
-verify_ssl = true
-name = "pypi"
-url = "https://pypi.org/simple"
-
-[requires]
-python_version = "3.13"
-
-[dev-packages]
-pytest = "*"
-"flake8" = "*"
-ipython = "*"
-
-[packages]
-pyyaml = "*"
-colorama = ">=0.4.6"
-ply = ">=3.11"
-"Jinja2" = ">=2.10.1"
-PyYAML = ">=5.4"
-pandoc-crossref = ">=0.1.1"
-pandoc-minted = "*"
-pandoc-include = "*"
-dotmap = "*"
-argparsedirs = "*"
-schema = "*"
-pygments = "*"
-enschema = "*"
-regex = "*"
-pint = "*"
-numpy = "*"
diff --git a/Pipfile.lock b/Pipfile.lock
deleted file mode 100644
index 6a809c08..00000000
--- a/Pipfile.lock
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,902 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "_meta": {
-        "hash": {
-            "sha256": "88edaf5e623379497ab693f75ced356968216a8106dd201d048d56753f0090a9"
-        },
-        "pipfile-spec": 6,
-        "requires": {
-            "python_version": "3.13"
-        },
-        "sources": [
-            {
-                "name": "pypi",
-                "url": "https://pypi.org/simple",
-                "verify_ssl": true
-            }
-        ]
-    },
-    "default": {
-        "argparse": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:62b089a55be1d8949cd2bc7e0df0bddb9e028faefc8c32038cc84862aefdd6e4",
-                "sha256:c31647edb69fd3d465a847ea3157d37bed1f95f19760b11a47aa91c04b666314"
-            ],
-            "version": "==1.4.0"
-        },
-        "argparsedirs": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:3db491a9a6735c25cb46aab161551b1f910a1747e2768b469a92189ed65a5ea9",
-                "sha256:c9a243110a8af10e297deb5a3602d8860909563ab240de0753f4a1275965163c"
-            ],
-            "index": "pypi",
-            "markers": "python_version >= '3.10' and python_version < '4.0'",
-            "version": "==0.2.1"
-        },
-        "click": {
-            "hashes": [
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-            ],
-            "index": "pypi",
-            "version": "==0.7.8"
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-        "typing-extensions": {
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-    "develop": {
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diff --git a/core/builder/convertor.py b/core/builder/convertor.py
index 60d3ca8f..72542e34 100644
--- a/core/builder/convertor.py
+++ b/core/builder/convertor.py
@@ -221,13 +221,13 @@ def call_pandoc(self):
 
         self.file.seek(0)
         args = [
-            "pandoc",
+            "./external/pandoc",
             "--metadata", f"lang={self.locale.id}",
             "-V", "csquotes=true",
             "--from", "markdown+smart",
             "--pdf-engine", "xelatex",
             "--to", self.output_format,
-            "--filter", "pandoc-crossref",
+            "--filter", "./external/pandoc-crossref",
             "-M", f"crossrefYaml=build/core/i18n/{self.locale_code}.yaml",
             #"--filter", "pandoc-include",
             "-M", f"include-entry={Path(self.infile.name).parent}/",
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5aaa5fcc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+[project]
+name = "dgs"
+version = "0.1.0"
+description = "Add your description here"
+readme = "readme.md"
+requires-python = ">=3.12"
+dependencies = [
+    "argparsedirs>=0.2.1",
+    "colorama>=0.4.6",
+    "dotmap>=1.3.30",
+    "enschema>=0.1.5",
+    "jinja2>=3.1.6",
+    "numpy>=2.5.1",
+    "pandoc-crossref>=0.1.1",
+    "pandoc-minted>=0.2.0",
+    "pint>=0.25.3",
+    "pyyaml>=6.0.3",
+    "regex>=2026.7.10",
+    "schema>=0.7.8",
+]
+
+[dependency-groups]
+dev = [
+    "pytest (>=9.0.1,<10.0.0)"
+]
diff --git a/uv.lock b/uv.lock
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..72236bd3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uv.lock
@@ -0,0 +1,499 @@
+version = 1
+revision = 3
+requires-python = ">=3.12"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "argparse"
+version = "1.4.0"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/18/dd/e617cfc3f6210ae183374cd9f6a26b20514bbb5a792af97949c5aacddf0f/argparse-1.4.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:62b089a55be1d8949cd2bc7e0df0bddb9e028faefc8c32038cc84862aefdd6e4", size = 70508, upload-time = "2015-09-12T20:22:16.217Z" }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/f2/94/3af39d34be01a24a6e65433d19e107099374224905f1e0cc6bbe1fd22a2f/argparse-1.4.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:c31647edb69fd3d465a847ea3157d37bed1f95f19760b11a47aa91c04b666314", size = 23000, upload-time = "2015-09-14T16:03:16.137Z" },
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "argparsedirs"
+version = "0.2.1"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+dependencies = [
+    { name = "argparse" },
+]
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/6a/1c/1d37d36110e15a2fbc2d5b67d943d94aa6507c2a608cc990ec620eaff2a3/argparsedirs-0.2.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:3db491a9a6735c25cb46aab161551b1f910a1747e2768b469a92189ed65a5ea9", size = 1465, upload-time = "2025-12-03T16:02:46.93Z" }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/c3/5c/f13a1c0e338143824bc24964dfccf0622047ef21e20cb35e1a0fdd620155/argparsedirs-0.2.1-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:c9a243110a8af10e297deb5a3602d8860909563ab240de0753f4a1275965163c", size = 2167, upload-time = "2025-12-03T16:02:44.833Z" },
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "colorama"
+version = "0.4.6"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/d8/53/6f443c9a4a8358a93a6792e2acffb9d9d5cb0a5cfd8802644b7b1c9a02e4/colorama-0.4.6.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:08695f5cb7ed6e0531a20572697297273c47b8cae5a63ffc6d6ed5c201be6e44", size = 27697, upload-time = "2022-10-25T02:36:22.414Z" }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/d1/d6/3965ed04c63042e047cb6a3e6ed1a63a35087b6a609aa3a15ed8ac56c221/colorama-0.4.6-py2.py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:4f1d9991f5acc0ca119f9d443620b77f9d6b33703e51011c16baf57afb285fc6", size = 25335, upload-time = "2022-10-25T02:36:20.889Z" },
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "dgs"
+version = "0.1.0"
+source = { virtual = "." }
+dependencies = [
+    { name = "argparsedirs" },
+    { name = "colorama" },
+    { name = "dotmap" },
+    { name = "enschema" },
+    { name = "jinja2" },
+    { name = "numpy" },
+    { name = "pandoc-crossref" },
+    { name = "pandoc-minted" },
+    { name = "pint" },
+    { name = "pyyaml" },
+    { name = "regex" },
+    { name = "schema" },
+]
+
+[package.dev-dependencies]
+dev = [
+    { name = "pytest" },
+]
+
+[package.metadata]
+requires-dist = [
+    { name = "argparsedirs", specifier = ">=0.2.1" },
+    { name = "colorama", specifier = ">=0.4.6" },
+    { name = "dotmap", specifier = ">=1.3.30" },
+    { name = "enschema", specifier = ">=0.1.5" },
+    { name = "jinja2", specifier = ">=3.1.6" },
+    { name = "numpy", specifier = ">=2.5.1" },
+    { name = "pandoc-crossref", specifier = ">=0.1.1" },
+    { name = "pandoc-minted", specifier = ">=0.2.0" },
+    { name = "pint", specifier = ">=0.25.3" },
+    { name = "pyyaml", specifier = ">=6.0.3" },
+    { name = "regex", specifier = ">=2026.7.10" },
+    { name = "schema", specifier = ">=0.7.8" },
+]
+
+[package.metadata.requires-dev]
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From f9e3de156f2ea1037fc703dfe7767c39ca68c0f3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2026 09:59:43 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 20/46] Claude and constants

---
 .claude/skills/naboj-authoring/SKILL.md       |  94 +++++++
 .../references/jinja-templating.md            | 182 +++++++++++++
 .../references/latex-macros.md                | 245 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../naboj-authoring/references/layout.md      | 208 +++++++++++++++
 .../references/markdown-extensions.md         | 210 +++++++++++++++
 .../references/quantities-and-constants.md    | 206 +++++++++++++++
 core/data/constants.yaml                      |  16 ++
 7 files changed, 1161 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 .claude/skills/naboj-authoring/SKILL.md
 create mode 100644 .claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/jinja-templating.md
 create mode 100644 .claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/latex-macros.md
 create mode 100644 .claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/layout.md
 create mode 100644 .claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/markdown-extensions.md
 create mode 100644 .claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/quantities-and-constants.md

diff --git a/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/SKILL.md b/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/SKILL.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fc0e7f88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/SKILL.md
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+---
+name: naboj-authoring
+description: Author, edit, and debug Náboj competition problem sources (source/naboj/**) using DGS's Markdown+Jinja+LaTeX pipeline. Use whenever the user is creating a new problem, editing problem.md / solution.md / answer.md / preamble.md / meta.yaml under source/naboj/phys/*/problems/** or source/naboj/chem/*/problems/**, debugging mdcheck violations, Jinja MissingVariablesError, pandoc/XeLaTeX errors, or extending core/ or modules/naboj (new filters, new physical constants in core/data/constants.yaml, new LaTeX macros in core/latex/*.tex, new templates in modules/naboj/templates). Applies to all Náboj volumes (phys/26, phys/27, phys/28, chem/*, ...) — the format is stable across volumes with only minor differences.
+---
+
+# Náboj problem authoring (DGS)
+
+DGS renders each problem through this pipeline:
+
+```
+source/naboj/<comp>/<vol>/problems/<pid>/<lang>/{problem,solution}.md   (Markdown + Jinja)
+       + source/naboj/<comp>/<vol>/problems/<pid>/{preamble,answer,answer-also,answer-interval}.md
+       + source/naboj/<comp>/<vol>/problems/<pid>/meta.yaml
+  →  render/naboj/<comp>/<vol>/problems/<pid>/<lang>/*.md                (pure Markdown, no Jinja)
+  →  build/naboj/<comp>/<vol>/problems/<pid>/<lang>/*.tex                (pandoc → XeLaTeX)
+  →  PDF (booklet, tearoff, answers, solutions, ...)
+```
+
+Preamble + meta.yaml are prepended into the Jinja context; the Jinja renderer runs **twice** so
+substituted equations get their inner tags expanded on the second pass. Then the DGS Markdown
+style linter (`core/mdcheck`) runs, and pandoc converts to TeX using DGS's custom class
+(`core/latex/dgs.cls`, plus `math.tex`, `symbols.tex`, `siunitx.tex`, `hacks.tex`).
+
+## Where to start
+
+**Route by task:**
+
+- Authoring / editing a problem (`problem.md`, `solution.md`, `meta.yaml`, `preamble.md`,
+  `answer*.md`) → read `references/layout.md`, then `references/markdown-extensions.md`.
+- Using `(§ … §)` templating, `@J set …`, math filters, `Q(…)`, `const.g`, etc. →
+  `references/jinja-templating.md`.
+- Defining `values:` in meta.yaml, using `PhysicsQuantity`, `.eq`, `.approx`, `.widen`, ranges,
+  formatting filters (`|f2`, `|g3`, `|w(0.05)`) → `references/quantities-and-constants.md`.
+- Using / adding custom LaTeX macros (`\Int`, `\Sum`, `\Ceil`, `\Nuclide`, `\Implies`, …) →
+  `references/latex-macros.md`.
+- Style linter failures (missing spaces around `=`, `\SI` vs `\qty`, label conventions,
+  `\frac` in answers, …) → `references/markdown-extensions.md` §Style checker.
+
+## Ground rules
+
+1. **Do not invent macros.** Every math command not in vanilla amsmath comes from
+   `core/latex/*.tex`. Grep `core/latex/symbols.tex` and `core/latex/math.tex` before
+   introducing a new one.
+2. **Use `\qty` / `\num` / `\ang` — never `\SI`.** `mdcheck` fails the build on `\SI`.
+3. **Use `\Implies`, not `\implies` or `\Rightarrow`.** Same rule for `\Int`/`\Sum` over
+   `\int`/`\sum`, `\Ceil{…}` over `\lceil…\rceil`, `\ang{…}` over `^\circ`.
+4. **Preserve spaces around binary operators** in math: `= \approx \doteq \geq \leq \gg \ll +
+   \cdot`. `mdcheck` flags each violation with a caret pointing at the column.
+5. **Labels start with the problem id.** In `solution.md` you must add a
+   sublabel (`{#eq:archery:hd}`). In `problem.md` you can go bare
+   (`{#eq:archery}`) or sub-labelled (`{#fig:archery:diagram}`) — most
+   `problem.md` equations get no label at all.
+6. **Answers use `\dfrac`, not `\frac`.** `mdcheck` enforces this on `answer.md` /
+   `answer-also.md` / `answer-interval.md`.
+7. **Two-pass rendering matters.** If a value expands into a `\qty{…}` that itself contains
+   Jinja tags (e.g. from a MathObject), it still gets rendered on the second pass. Don't
+   try to escape or defer — just write the natural thing.
+
+## Rendering pipeline entry points
+
+- Convertor for problems: `modules.naboj.builder.renderer` (subclass of
+  `core.builder.renderer.CLIInterface`). Meta.yaml + preamble.md become the context.
+- Jinja setup: `core/builder/jinja.py` — see `MarkdownJinjaRenderer` for the exact filter /
+  global table.
+- Style linter: `core/markdown-check.py` runs `core/mdcheck/check.py` rules per line.
+- Templates that assemble PDFs: `modules/naboj/templates/*.jtex` (these use `(* … *)` for
+  variables, unlike `.md` files which use `(§ … §)`).
+- Build orchestration: root `Makefile` + `modules/naboj/module.mk` (rules
+  `NABOJ_TRANSLATABLE` for problem/solution, `NABOJ_NONTRANSLATABLE` for
+  answer/answer-also/answer-interval).
+
+## Volume differences to be aware of
+
+- `phys/28` uses `authors:` (plural, list). `phys/27` mostly uses `author:` (singular).
+  Both are tolerated; new problems should use `authors: [...]`.
+- Older volumes often lack `values:` entirely; numbers are hard-coded in the Markdown.
+- `chem/*` volumes use a flatter layout (`source/naboj/chem/<vol>/problems/<pid>/…`)
+  and use chemistry macros (`\ce{…}`, `\Nuclide{…}`, `\chemfig{…}`). Their `sk/` may be
+  the only language directory.
+
+## Environment / build
+
+The project uses **uv** (see recent commit "Switched to uv"). To build one problem:
+
+```
+uv run python -m modules.naboj.builder.renderer \
+    -C source/naboj/phys/28/problems/archery/meta.yaml \
+    -P source/naboj/phys/28/problems/archery/preamble.md \
+    source/naboj/phys/28/problems/archery/en/solution.md \
+    /tmp/out.md
+```
+
+Or via Make targets defined in `modules/naboj/module.mk`. Do not commit the `_minted-output`
+directory (`.gitignore`d).
diff --git a/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/jinja-templating.md b/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/jinja-templating.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ddd4eee4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/jinja-templating.md
@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+# Jinja2 templating in DGS
+
+DGS uses **two** Jinja environments with different delimiters. Get the file type
+right and everything follows.
+
+## Delimiters by file type
+
+### Markdown files (`.md` under `source/`)
+
+Custom delimiters chosen so as not to clash with Markdown / TeX syntax:
+
+| Purpose                 | Delimiter        | Example                       |
+| ----------------------- | ---------------- | ----------------------------- |
+| Variable expression     | `(§ … §)`        | `(§ v0|f2 §)`                 |
+| Block statement         | `(@ … @)`        | `(@ if fig @)…(@ endif @)`    |
+| Comment                 | `(# … #)`        | `(# note: dead code #)`       |
+| Line statement prefix   | `@J ` (with space)| `@J set result = v0 + v1`    |
+| Line comment prefix     | `%#`             | `%# throwaway comment`        |
+
+`trim_blocks=True`, `autoescape=False`. Missing variables are **collected and
+raised together** as `MissingVariablesError` after render — you'll see them all at
+once. Filters may still catch undefined via `|default(...)` without triggering the
+error.
+
+### Static TeX templates (`.jtex` under `modules/naboj/templates/` and `core/templates/`)
+
+Different delimiters — variables use `(* … *)`:
+
+| Purpose                 | Delimiter        | Example                       |
+| ----------------------- | ---------------- | ----------------------------- |
+| Variable expression     | `(* … *)`        | `(* problem.number *)`        |
+| Block statement         | `(@ … @)`        | `(@ if target=='booklet' @)…` |
+| Comment                 | `(# … #)`        |                               |
+| Line statement prefix   | `@J `            |                               |
+
+Everything else about the environments is identical.
+
+## Rendering flow for `.md` files
+
+`core/builder/renderer.py::JinjaConvertor.run` does **two passes**:
+
+1. Prepend `preamble.md` (if any).
+2. First render pass: expands values, equations, `@J set …`.
+3. Second render pass: re-renders the intermediate so that any Jinja tags that
+   appear **inside expanded content** (e.g. inside a MathObject) get expanded too.
+
+This is why you can write things like `(§ result|f0 §)` in `answer.md` and have
+`result` come from `preamble.md` — the preamble is prepended before the first pass.
+
+The second pass matters most for `eq:` fragments: `(§ eq.foo|disp §)` expands
+on pass 1 to a display equation whose body still contains raw `(§ … §)` tags
+(the ones defined in the `eq:` YAML value); pass 2 evaluates those inner tags.
+Without the second pass, `eq:` would be useless.
+
+## Context available in Markdown Jinja
+
+Provided by `core/builder/renderer.py::CLIInterface.build_context`:
+
+- `id` — the problem id (from directory name).
+- **Every key under `values:` in `meta.yaml`** becomes a variable in the local
+  scope. If the value is a dict with `magnitude:` and `unit:`, it becomes a
+  `PhysicsQuantity`; if a bare string/number, it's used as-is.
+- **Every key under `eq:` in `meta.yaml`** becomes a `MathObject` accessible as
+  `eq.<name>`. The `MathObject`'s `.id` is set to `<problem-id>:<name>` so
+  `|disp` and `|align` emit a label automatically. See
+  `source/naboj/chem/04/problems/maliari/` for the canonical example — the
+  content of each `eq:` entry can itself contain `(§ … §)` tags, which get
+  expanded on the **second** render pass (see below).
+- `const` — the physics constants dict from `core/data/constants.yaml`. Access as
+  `const.g`, `const.G`, `const.c`, `const.gforce`, ... aliases are also mapped.
+
+## Filters (registered in `core/builder/jinja.py::MarkdownJinjaRenderer`)
+
+Number formatting — precision-parameterised versions are pre-generated for 0–9
+digits. Apply to `PhysicsQuantity`, `QuantityRange`, `QuantityList`, or a raw
+number:
+
+| Filter               | What it does                                              |
+| -------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `|f`, `|f0`, ..., `|f9` | Fixed-decimal formatting. `q|f2` → `\qty{50.00}{...}`  |
+| `|g`, `|g0`, ..., `|g9` | General formatting (may use scientific). `q|g3`       |
+| `|n`                 | Wrap raw value in `\num{…}` (no unit).                    |
+| `|nf`, `|nf0..9`     | `\num{…}` with fixed precision.                           |
+| `|ng`, `|ng0..9`     | `\num{…}` with general precision.                         |
+| `|ef`, `|ef0..9`     | `symbol = \qty{…}` fixed. Uses `PhysicsQuantity.symbol`.  |
+| `|eg`, `|eg0..9`     | Same, general precision.                                  |
+| `|mag`               | Extract raw magnitude (pint magnitude, not a string).     |
+| `|unit`              | Just the unit, formatted as `\unit{…}`.                   |
+| `|sim`               | `.simplify()` — convert to base SI units.                 |
+| `|w(value)`, `|widen(value)` | Construct a tolerance range: `x|w(0.05)` → ±5%.   |
+
+For a `MathObject`:
+
+| Filter        | What it does                                                     |
+| ------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `|inline`     | Renders `$…$`. Write sentence punctuation **outside** the tag.  |
+| `|disp`       | Renders `$$\n    …\n$$ {#eq:<id>}`.                              |
+| `|disp('.')`  | Same with trailing punctuation inside the math.                  |
+| `|align`      | `$${\n    …\n}$$ {#eq:<id>}` (aligned environment).              |
+| `|align(',')` | Same with punctuation.                                           |
+
+## Globals
+
+Math functions available in Jinja expressions:
+
+```
+sin  cos  tan  asin  acos  atan  atan2
+sqrt cbrt log log10 log2 exp pow
+ceil floor
+rad  deg                       # radians ↔ degrees
+gamma beta                     # Γ and B(x,y) = Γ(x)Γ(y)/Γ(x+y)
+pi   tau  euler                # constants
+```
+
+These accept both raw numbers and `PhysicsQuantity` values (pint routes through).
+
+Constructor:
+
+```
+Q(magnitude, unit)             # ad-hoc PhysicsQuantity, e.g. Q(100, '%')
+```
+
+## `@J set` — the everyday case
+
+Used almost exclusively inside `preamble.md`:
+
+```
+@J set result       = v0**2 / const.g.approx - sqrt((v0**4 / const.g.approx**2) - D**2)
+@J set result_exact = v0**2 / const.g       - sqrt((v0**4 / const.g**2)       - D**2)
+```
+
+The `@J` (line-statement prefix) form is preferred over `(@ set … @)` for
+readability. Idiomatic pattern: compute a rounded-constant version for `answer.md`
+and an exact-constant version for `solution.md`.
+
+## Control flow (`.jtex` templates)
+
+Standard Jinja `if / for` blocks with the DGS delimiters:
+
+```
+(@ for vid, venue in volume.venues.items() @)%
+    (* venue.head *) ((* i18n[language.id].venues[vid] *))%
+(@ endfor @)%
+```
+
+Whitespace control follows Jinja: `(@- … -@)` trims surrounding whitespace.
+
+Path helpers available in static templates:
+
+- `path_exists('some/path')` — check whether a file exists (used to conditionally
+  include `answer-extra.md`, etc.).
+- `file_size('some/path')` — file size in bytes.
+
+## MissingVariablesError
+
+If any Jinja variable used at render time is not found, the collector aggregates
+them and raises `MissingVariablesError`. The message lists every missing name in
+insertion order. Typical causes:
+
+- Typo in `(§ v_0 §)` when the value is defined as `v0`.
+- Value defined in preamble but preamble file not prepended (check that
+  `preamble.md` exists at the problem level — the Makefile falls back to a
+  no-preamble rule if it's missing).
+- Cross-problem reference. Values are scoped to a single problem.
+
+## Common pitfalls
+
+- **Space around `@J`.** It's a line statement *prefix*, not a delimiter. Write
+  `@J set …` (with a space). No leading whitespace either — must be column 0.
+- **`(§ … §)` in `.jtex` won't work.** The `.jtex` environment uses `(* … *)` for
+  variables. Conversely, `(* … *)` in `.md` is a literal `(*` `*)`, not a
+  variable.
+- **Numeric arithmetic on `PhysicsQuantity` returns `PhysicsQuantity`.** So
+  `(§ v0 * 2 §)` becomes `\qty{100}{\metre\per\second}`. If you want a bare number,
+  use `.mag` or `|mag`.
+- **Ranges (`QuantityRange`) via `%`.** `q1 % q2` constructs a range with `q1` as
+  minimum and `q2` as maximum. If `q1 > q2`, pint raises. Prefer the
+  `.widen(fraction)` method when you want a symmetric tolerance band.
+- **Constants inside math.** `const.g.approx` gives a rounded-magnitude
+  `PhysicsQuantity`; use it in expressions. `const.g.symbol` (or `const.g.sym`)
+  gives the TeX symbol string. `const.g.full` gives the printable full-precision
+  form.
diff --git a/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/latex-macros.md b/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/latex-macros.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..87668370
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/latex-macros.md
@@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
+# Custom LaTeX macros (DGS)
+
+Every non-vanilla-amsmath command you see in Náboj Markdown comes from
+`core/latex/*.tex` and is loaded via `core/latex/dgs.cls`. Grep those files
+before assuming a macro exists or defining a new one.
+
+Files:
+
+- `core/latex/dgs.cls`   — class definition; package loads; document parameters.
+- `core/latex/fonts.tex` — Minion Pro + math font setup.
+- `core/latex/math.tex`  — differentials, derivatives, integrals, gradient/div/rot,
+                            vectors, sums/products, intervals, statistics.
+- `core/latex/symbols.tex`— planets, nuclides.
+- `core/latex/siunitx.tex`— siunitx global setup + custom units.
+- `core/latex/hacks.tex`  — pandoc/lists fixes, `\phi ↔ \varphi` swap, jigsaw,
+                            `\st` for markdown strikeout.
+- `core/latex/utilities.tex` — `\URL`, `\errorMessage`, `\protectedInput`,
+                                `\exampleIO`.
+
+## Delimiters and brackets
+
+`\left(...\right)` is redefined via `mleftright` (`\mleft`, `\mright`) so spacing
+around parentheses no longer requires manual `\!` corrections.
+
+Sized delimiters:
+
+- `\Paren{expr}`     → `\left(expr\right)`
+- `\Abs{expr}`       → `\left| expr \right|`
+- `\Floor{expr}`     → `\lfloor…\rfloor`
+- `\Ceil{expr}`      → `\lceil…\rceil` (also enforced in answer files — see
+                       `Adam_ISIC` result `\Ceil{t}`)
+- `\ExpectedChevrons{X}[condition]` → `\langle X \mid condition \rangle`
+
+Tuples and coordinates (with a configurable inner delimiter, default `;`):
+
+- `\Tuple{a;b;c}`    → `(a; b; c)`  — round brackets
+- `\Coord{x;y;z}`    → `[x; y; z]`  — square brackets
+
+## Differentials and derivatives
+
+Base differentials (each includes the standard math-space adjustment):
+
+- `\Diff  x`  → `\mathrm{d}\, x`
+- `\PDiff x`  → `\partial\, x`
+- `\FDiff x`  → `\Delta\, x`
+- `\UDiff x`  → `\delta\, x`
+- With power: `\Diff[2] x` → `\mathrm{d}^{2}\, x`
+
+Derivatives (fraction style controlled by an optional `<d|t|s|n|f>`):
+
+- `\Derivative[order]{f}{x}`         (aliases `\Drv`)
+- `\PDerivative[order]{f}{x}`        (`\PDrv`)
+- `\FDerivative`, `\UDerivative`     — for Δ- and δ-based derivatives
+- `\Derivative<d>[2]{f}{x}`          — with display-style fraction
+- `\DerivativeParen[order]{f}{x}`    — d/dx (f) form (`\DrvP`, `\PDrvP`, ...)
+- `\DerivativeEmpty[order]{x}`       — d/dx alone (`\DrvE`, `\PDrvE`, ...)
+- `\DerivativeEval[order]{f}{x}{a}`  — evaluated at x=a via `\Eval{…}{…}`
+
+## Integrals
+
+The naming scheme: `\Int` is the base 1-D form; the modifiers are
+- `I`  = integrand takes a differential-of-power operand
+- `D`  = dot product with `d…`
+- `C`  = cross product with `d…`
+- `V`  = auto-vectorise inputs (`\vec{}`)
+- `O`  = closed loop (single-integral) — `\oint`
+- `II` = double integral — `\iint`
+- `III`= triple integral — `\iiint`
+- `OII`= closed surface (double) — `\oiint`
+
+1-D:
+- `\Int[a][b]{f(x)}{x}`             → `\int_a^b f(x) \diff x`
+- `\IntP[a][b]{f(x)}{x}`            → adds `\left(…\right)` around integrand
+- `\IntX[a][b]{expr}`               → no `\diff`, for algebraic manipulation
+- `\IntE[a][b]{}{x}`                → `\int_a^b \diff x` (empty integrand)
+- `\IntD[a][b]{\vec E}{\vec r}`     → dot product with `d\vec r`
+- `\IntDV[a][b]{E}{r}`              → auto-vec: same as IntD with `\vec{}`
+- `\IntC`, `\IntCV`                 → cross product variants
+
+Loop:
+- `\OInt[C]{f}{x}`                  → `\oint_C f \diff x`
+- `\OIntD[C]{\vec E}{\vec r}`, `\OIntDV[C]{E}{r}`
+- `\OIntC`, `\OIntCV`               → cross product
+
+Surface (double):
+- `\IIntI[S][…]{f}[power]{x}`       → `\iint_S f \diff^{power} x`
+- `\IIntD[S][…]{\vec E}{\vec S}`, `\IIntDV[S][…]{E}{S}`
+- `\IIntC`, `\IIntCV`
+- `\OIIntD`, `\OIIntDV`, `\OIIntC`, `\OIIntCV` — closed surface
+
+Volume (triple):
+- `\IIInt[V][…]{f}{x}{y}{z}`        → `\iiint_V f \diff x \diff y \diff z`
+- `\IIIntV[V][…]{f}{r}`             → `\iiint_V f \diff^{3} r`
+- `\IIIntPV[V][…]{f}{r}`            → with `\left(…\right)` around integrand
+
+## Vector calculus
+
+- `\Grad`, `\Div`, `\Rot`, `\Laplacian` — with `∇`.
+- `\GradT`, `\DivT`, `\RotT`           — text forms (`grad`, `div`, `rot`).
+- `\GradV{X}`, `\DivV{X}`, `\RotV{X}`  — auto-vectorised argument.
+
+## Vectors
+
+- `\ArrowVector{X}` / `\vv{X}`         — small arrow (esvect).
+- `\LongVector{X}`                     — long arrow (`\overrightarrow`).
+- `\BoldVector{X}`                     — bold.
+- `\UnitVector{X}`                     — `\hat{\vec{X}}`.
+- `\UnitBoldVector`, `\UnitArrowVector`.
+
+`\vec{…}` is the default in DGS; the alternatives are for specific styles.
+
+## Aggregates (Σ, Π, ⋃, ⋂)
+
+Use these instead of raw `\sum`, `\prod`, `\bigcup`, `\bigcap`, `\bigtimes`
+(`mdcheck` rules `sum` and `int` enforce it):
+
+- `\Sum[lo][hi]{elt}`                 — Σ with limits
+- `\SumP[lo][hi]{elt}`                — same with `\left(…\right)` around body
+- `\Product[lo][hi]{elt}`             — Π
+- `\CartesianProduct[lo][hi]{elt}`    — big ×
+- `\Union[lo][hi]{elt}`               — ⋃
+- `\Intersection[lo][hi]{elt}`        — ⋂
+
+Non-aggregate:
+
+- `\Uni` (∪), `\Intersect` (∩), `\union`, `\intersection`.
+
+## Max/min operators
+
+- `\Max[cond]{expr}`, `\Min[cond]{expr}` — with `\underset`-style condition.
+
+## Sets, sequences, intervals
+
+- `\Set{a,b,c}[cond][power]`          — `\{ … \}` with optional sub/superscript.
+- `\Seq{a,b,c}[cond][power]`          — parenthesised sequence.
+- `\Natural`, `\NaturalZero`, `\Integer`, `\Rational`, `\Real`, `\RealPos`,
+  `\RealNeg`, `\RealNonneg`, `\RealNonpos`, `\Complex`, `\Quaternions`.
+- `\IntervalCC{a}{b}`  → `[a; b]`     — closed–closed
+- `\IntervalCO{a}{b}`  → `[a; b)`     — closed–open
+- `\IntervalOC{a}{b}`  → `(a; b]`
+- `\IntervalOO{a}{b}`  → `(a; b)`
+
+Note the semicolon separator inside intervals (Slovak convention). Consistent
+with `\Tuple`, `\Coord`.
+
+## Text-in-math and phrase spacing
+
+- `\Text{…}`                  — one small space on each side.
+- `\QText{…}`                 — `\quad` on each side.
+- `\QQText{…}`                — `\qquad` on each side.
+- `\Operation{op}`            — right-side annotation (`& \qquad / op`) for
+                                 aligned equations.
+
+Do **not** wrap punctuation in `\text{}` (linter rule `pun`).
+
+## Common relations
+
+- `\Implies`   → `\quad\Rightarrow\quad` (use everywhere instead of `\implies` /
+                                          `\Rightarrow`).
+- `\Iff`       → `\quad\Leftrightarrow\quad`.
+- `\ImpliedBy` → `\quad\Leftarrow\quad`.
+- `\MustEq`, `\MustL`, `\MustLL`, `\MustG`, `\MustGG`, `\MustLeq`, `\MustGeq`
+  — over-stacked with `!` (must-equal etc.).
+- `\DefEqual`  → `\stackrel{\mathrm{def}}{=}`.
+- `\Assign`    → `\coloneqq`.
+- `\Must{X}`   — generic must-something (over-stacked `!`).
+
+## Statistics
+
+- `\Mean{X}` → `\overline{X}`.
+- `\Var{X}`, `\MSE{X}`, `\Bias{X}`.
+- `\Binomial{n}{k}` → `\binom{n}{k}`.
+- `\Distribution{Name}[var]{params}` → `Name(var \mid params)`.
+- `\Dimen{X}`  → `[X]` (dimension brackets).
+
+## Number literals
+
+Fractions and units (safe to write in math or inline text):
+
+- `\OneHalf`, `\OneThird`, `\TwoThirds`, `\OneQuarter`, `\ThreeQuarters` — use
+  these instead of Unicode `½`, `⅓`, etc.
+
+Asymptotics:
+
+- `\SmallO{n^2}`, `\BigO{n^2}`, `\BigTheta{n^2}`.
+
+## Symbols
+
+Planets and celestial bodies (see `symbols.tex`):
+
+- `\Sun`, `\Mercury`, `\Venus`, `\Earth`, `\Moon`, `\Mars`, `\Jupiter`, `\Saturn`,
+  `\Uranus`, `\Neptune`, `\Pluto`.
+
+Nuclides (via mhchem):
+
+- `\Nuclide[A][Z]{sym}` — e.g. `\Nuclide[99m]{Tc}`, `\Nuclide[235][92]{U}`.
+
+## Chemistry (chem module)
+
+Loaded in `dgs.cls`:
+
+- `\ce{H2O}` — reactions and formulas (mhchem, version 4 with `formula=mhchem`).
+- `\chemfig{…}` — structural formulas (chemfig package).
+- `\chemsetup{formula=mhchem}` is set globally.
+
+## Font swap (`hacks.tex`)
+
+DGS **swaps** `\phi ↔ \varphi` and `\epsilon ↔ \varepsilon` at load time — Minion
+Pro's default `\phi` and `\epsilon` glyphs are ugly. Consequences:
+
+- Write `\phi` when you mean φ (looks like `\varphi` in Computer Modern).
+- Write `\epsilon` when you mean ε.
+- The linter forbids `\varepsilon` outright (rule `vep`) — the swap makes it
+  unnecessary.
+
+## Utility macros for content
+
+- `\URL{https://…}`         — `\href{…}{\texttt{…}}` combo.
+- `\errorMessage{msg}`      — bright red highlight (used for missing files etc.).
+- `\todoMessage{msg}`       — orange highlight.
+- `\protectedInput{path}`   — `\input` if it exists, else emit `\errorMessage`.
+- `\tryInput{path}`         — `\input` if it exists, else nothing.
+- `\cutHere`                — scissors line for tearoff sheets.
+- `\exampleIO{input}{output}` — side-by-side verbatim boxes (programming problems).
+
+`\insertPicture` is **legacy** and forbidden by `mdcheck.lip` — use pandoc
+image syntax instead.
+
+## Extending macros
+
+- **New physical constants**: `core/data/constants.yaml`. Add `magnitude`, `unit`,
+  `symbol`, `digits`, optional `aliases`, `exact`, `force_f`. No LaTeX changes
+  needed.
+- **New math macro**: prefer `core/latex/symbols.tex` for symbols, `math.tex` for
+  operators / delimiters. Use `\NewDocumentCommand` (LaTeX3 syntax) for
+  consistency with the existing style.
+- **New siunitx unit**: `core/latex/siunitx.tex`, `\DeclareSIUnit{…}{…}`.
+- **New Jinja filter**: register in `core/builder/jinja.py::MarkdownJinjaRenderer`
+  under `self.env.filters` (define the function in `core/filters/`).
+- **New Jinja global**: same file, `self.env.globals`.
+- **New style-checker rule**: `core/mdcheck/check.py`, subclass `LineChecker` (or
+  add a `check.FailIfFound` entry with a short 3-letter key in
+  `core/markdown-check.py::StyleEnforcer.line_errors`).
+- **New template block**: `modules/naboj/templates/blocks/`. Remember `.jtex`
+  uses `(* … *)` for variables, not `(§ … §)`.
diff --git a/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/layout.md b/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/layout.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..dfc2f16a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/layout.md
@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+# File layout of a Náboj volume
+
+## Volume directory
+
+```
+source/naboj/<comp>/<vol>/
+├── meta.yaml                              # volume-level metadata (see below)
+├── languages/
+│   └── <lang>/
+│       ├── meta.yaml                      # per-language booklet contents flags
+│       ├── intro.jtex                     # editor's letter (uses (* … *) tags)
+│       ├── instructions-inner.jtex
+│       └── evaluators.jtex
+├── venues/
+│   └── <venue-junior|senior>/
+│       └── meta.yaml
+└── problems/
+    └── <problem-id>/
+        ├── meta.yaml                      # per-problem metadata (see below)
+        ├── preamble.md                    # (optional) Jinja preamble with @J set …
+        ├── answer.md                      # the answer expression (Jinja, non-translatable)
+        ├── answer-also.md                 # (optional) accepted alternative
+        ├── answer-interval.md             # (optional) accepted interval
+        ├── <figure>.svg / .tikz / .png    # (optional) referenced by both problem and solution
+        └── <lang>/
+            ├── problem.md                 # the problem statement (Jinja + Markdown)
+            ├── problem-extra.md           # (optional, rare) extra content appended after problem
+            └── solution.md                # the worked solution
+```
+
+`<comp>` is `phys` or `chem`; `<vol>` is a two-digit numeric volume id.
+
+## Volume `meta.yaml`
+
+Fields observed in `source/naboj/phys/28/meta.yaml`:
+
+```yaml
+date:   2025-11-07
+start:  '11:30'
+problems: [gravity-sudoku, train-mirror, balance-me, ...]    # ordered!
+workshop: 'chata Alexa, Oravská Lesná'
+authors:
+  problems: [ "Martin ‚Kvík‘ Baláž", ... ]
+  pictures: [...]
+  editors:  [...]
+  head:     "Jaroslav Valovčan"
+venues:
+  ba:  { name: Bratislava,  head: "Katarína Nedeľková" }
+  ke:  { name: Košice,      head: "Marián Kireš" }
+  # ...
+table: 8                                    # answer table columns
+constants:                                  # constants that appear in the printed table
+  generic:   [gforce, avogadro, universal_gas, boltzmann]
+  astronomy: [speed_light, gravity, radius_earth, ...]
+  elmag:     [permittivity, mass_electron, elementary_charge]
+  misc:      [stefan_boltzmann, density_water, ...]
+```
+
+`problems:` fixes the **order** in which problems appear (numbering follows this list).
+Every id listed must exist as `problems/<id>/`.
+
+## Problem `meta.yaml`
+
+Minimal (no computed values, hard-coded numbers in the Markdown):
+
+```yaml
+authors: ['Kvík']
+tags: ['kinematics']
+```
+
+With values (used as Jinja variables inside `problem.md`, `solution.md`, `preamble.md`,
+`answer.md`, ...):
+
+```yaml
+authors: ['Kvík']
+tags: ['kinematics', 'oblique-throw']
+values:
+  v0:
+    magnitude: 50
+    unit: 'metre / second'          # pint syntax; see quantities-and-constants.md
+    symbol: 'v_0'                    # TeX symbol used by |eq / .eq
+  D:
+    magnitude: 70
+    unit: 'metre'
+    symbol: 'd'
+```
+
+Dimensionless values: use `unit: ~` or `unit: '1'`.
+
+Percentages: `unit: '%'`. Angles: `unit: 'degree'` or `'radian'`.
+
+`siunitx` extras (rare, e.g. force `per-mode`):
+
+```yaml
+values:
+  acc:
+    magnitude: 2.6
+    unit: "kilometre / hour / second"
+    si_extra:
+      per-mode: "repeated-symbol"
+    symbol: a
+```
+
+A value can also be a bare string or number — no Quantity is constructed then.
+
+`author:` (singular) is accepted in older volumes; new problems use `authors: [...]`.
+
+### `eq:` — named math fragments (chem)
+
+Alongside `values:`, `meta.yaml` can carry an `eq:` top-level dict. Each entry
+becomes a `MathObject` addressable in Jinja as `eq.<name>`. Its content is a
+LaTeX fragment that may itself contain `(§ … §)` tags — those are expanded on
+the second render pass (see `jinja-templating.md` §Two-pass rendering).
+
+Canonical example: `source/naboj/chem/04/problems/maliari/meta.yaml`.
+
+```yaml
+values:
+  m: { magnitude: 140, unit: 'g' }
+  w: { magnitude: 0.88, unit: '1' }
+eq:
+  m: |
+    m(\ce{Zn}) =
+    m(\text{kov}) \cdot w(\ce{Zn}) =
+    (§ m|f0 §) \cdot (§ (w.to('1'))|f2 §) =
+    (§ (m * w)|f1 §).
+  Mr: |
+    M_r(\ce{ZnSO4})
+    &= A_r(\ce{Zn}) + A_r(\ce{S}) + 4 A_r(\ce{O}) \\
+    &= (§ const.M_Zn §) + (§ const.M_S §) + 4 \cdot (§ const.M_O §) =
+    (§ M_ZnSO4|f2 §).
+```
+
+Then in `solution.md`:
+
+```
+Hmotnosť rozpusteného zinku preto bude
+(§ eq.m|disp §)
+
+Molekulová hmotnosť síranu zinočnatého je
+(§ eq.Mr|align §)
+```
+
+`|disp` produces `$$\n    …\n$$ {#eq:maliari:m}` and `|align` produces the
+`aligned` variant (`&`-alignment supported). The label is generated
+automatically as `{#eq:<problem-id>:<name>}` — do **not** add your own.
+
+Constraints:
+- The name must match `^[a-z][a-zA-Z0-9_]+$` and cannot be `eq` or `const`.
+- Names are validated by `StandaloneContext._schema` in `renderer.py`.
+- More common in `chem` than `phys`; useful when the same computation is
+  displayed *and* re-used later as a labelled equation.
+
+## `preamble.md`
+
+Optional. Executes Jinja before problem/solution rendering; **prepended** to the file being
+rendered. Almost always contains `@J set` lines:
+
+```
+@J set result = v0**2 / const.g.approx - sqrt((v0**4 / const.g.approx**2) - D**2)
+@J set result_exact = v0**2 / const.g - sqrt((v0**4 / const.g**2) - D**2)
+```
+
+Convention: compute a rounded-`const.g` variant (`.approx`) alongside an exact-`const.g`
+variant so both `answer.md` (rounded target for competitors) and `solution.md` (exact
+expression) get sensible values.
+
+## `answer.md` / `answer-also.md` / `answer-interval.md`
+
+Single line (no trailing newline needed), typically referencing a preamble variable:
+
+```
+(§ result|f0 §)
+```
+
+- `answer.md` — the canonical answer displayed on the answer sheet.
+- `answer-also.md` — an alternative accepted answer, typeset after "also".
+- `answer-interval.md` — an interval, typeset after "interval". Usually `(§ (a % b)|f2 §)`
+  where `%` constructs a `QuantityRange`, or `(§ x|w(0.05)|f2 §)` for a ±5% tolerance.
+
+All three are **non-translatable** (same file across languages). If wrapped in `$…$` they
+render as inline math on the answer sheet.
+
+The linter forbids `\frac` here — use `\dfrac` because answer cells are typeset small.
+
+## Language directory (`<lang>/`)
+
+- `problem.md` — problem statement in that language.
+- `solution.md` — worked solution.
+- `problem-extra.md` — rarely used, gets appended in the booklet after the problem.
+- `answer-extra.md` — rarely used, gets appended after the answer.
+
+Supported language codes (see `Makefile`): `sk en cs hu pl es de fr ru fa uk pt`.
+
+## Figures
+
+- `.svg` — rendered via `rsvg-convert` / `dvisvgm`.
+- `.tikz` — inline TikZ, wrapped by the pipeline.
+- `.png`, `.jpg` — embedded directly.
+
+Figures live at the **problem level** (not per-language). Reference from Markdown:
+
+```
+![Caption text](my-figure.svg){#fig:<problem-id>:<label> height=50mm}
+```
+
+Different languages can have different captions but reference the same file. Height/width
+via `height=50mm` / `width=0.7\linewidth` inside the attributes braces.
diff --git a/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/markdown-extensions.md b/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/markdown-extensions.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0b33fec3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/markdown-extensions.md
@@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
+# Markdown dialect used by DGS
+
+Source Markdown files (`problem.md`, `solution.md`, `answer.md`, `preamble.md`, ...)
+are Pandoc-flavour Markdown with Jinja pre-processing on top and DGS-specific style
+rules enforced by `core/mdcheck/`. This document lists the surface features you
+actually need when writing problems, and the checker rules you must not trigger.
+
+Jinja is covered separately in `jinja-templating.md`. LaTeX macros are in `latex-macros.md`.
+
+## Math (inline and display)
+
+Inline: `$…$`. Display: `$$ … $$` on its **own line each**, contents indented four spaces:
+
+```
+$$
+    v_0 = \sqrt{2gh}.
+$$ {#eq:falling-egg:v0}
+```
+
+- Label goes on the **same line as the closing `$$`**, separated by exactly one space.
+- Label format: **the label prefix must always start with the problem id.**
+  `solution.md` requires a sublabel: `{#eq:<problem-id>:<sublabel>}`.
+  `problem.md` accepts a bare id (`{#eq:<problem-id>}`) or a sub-labelled form
+  (`{#fig:<problem-id>:<sublabel>}`) — both pass the checker.
+- Equations that need to be referred to across the solution get a sublabel;
+  one-off equations in `problem.md` typically get no label at all.
+- Cross-reference an equation: `[-@eq:<problem-id>:<sublabel>]` — the `-` produces an
+  unadorned number (no "eq. " prefix).
+
+Aligned block:
+
+```
+$${
+    v_x &= v\cos\alpha, \\
+    v_y &= v\sin\alpha.
+}$$ {#eq:archery:vxvy}
+```
+
+Note the `${ … }$` variant is DGS's convention — the `{ … }` inside `$$` becomes an
+`aligned` environment.
+
+**Never** put `\begin{aligned}` / `\end{aligned}` on the same line as `$$`
+(`mdcheck` DoubleDollars rule).
+
+Punctuation inside math: the trailing character of a display equation is the natural
+sentence punctuation (`.` `,` `;` `?` `!`). When using the Jinja math filters
+(`| disp('.')`, `| align(',')`) the punctuation is appended for you.
+
+## Figures
+
+```
+![Caption text](path/to/figure.svg){#fig:<problem-id>:<label> height=50mm}
+```
+
+- Caption is the alt text between `[]`.
+- In `problem.md` the caption **must be empty** and the label may be omitted; in
+  `solution.md` provide both caption and label (`{#fig:isic:isic-geometry ...}`).
+- Attributes accepted (via pandoc's attribute syntax): `height=…mm`, `width=…mm`,
+  `width=0.7\linewidth`, additional label anchors.
+- Path is relative to the problem directory; DGS resolves it to `\activeDirectory/…`
+  at the LaTeX stage.
+
+## Cross-references
+
+Handled by `pandoc-crossref` on the way to TeX:
+
+- Equations: `[-@eq:archery:hd]` → `(1)` (or whatever number).
+- Figures: `[-@fig:isic:isic-geometry]` → `1`.
+- Tables: `{#tbl:…}` / `[-@tbl:…]`.
+
+`mdcheck.check.Reference` verifies that the label prefix matches the problem id.
+
+## siunitx in math
+
+Numbers with units go through `siunitx`:
+
+```
+\qty{1.5}{\metre\per\second}                 # single value
+\num{6.022e23}                                # dimensionless
+\ang{45}                                       # degrees; NEVER use ^\circ
+\qtylist{1;2;3}{\metre}                       # list, semicolons as separators
+\qtyrange{5}{10}{\metre}                       # range
+\numrange{1}{10}                               # dimensionless range
+\numlist{1;2;3}
+```
+
+Forbidden inside `\qty{…}` / `\num{…}` / `\SIrange{…}`:
+
+- `\cdot`, `\times`, `^` (use e-notation: `\num{5.1e7}` not `\num{5.1 \cdot 10^7}`).
+  `mdcheck.SIExponents` flags this.
+- Commas (`,`). Use `.` as decimal marker inside; siunitx localises for display.
+
+Do **not** use raw `\SI`, `\SIrange`, `\SIlist` — replace with `\qty`, `\qtyrange`,
+`\qtylist`. The linter (`osi`) enforces this.
+
+Custom units declared in `core/latex/siunitx.tex`: `\gforce`, `\year`, `\inch`,
+`\foot`, `\mile`, `\au`, `\parsec`, `\lightyear`, `\pound`, `\calorie`, `\erg`,
+`\pixel`, `\eur`, `\atmosphere`, `\torr`, `\atomicmass`, `\molar`, `\dcelsius`
+(delta degrees), `\solarmass`, `\earthmass`, `\solarluminosity`, `\horsepower`,
+`\byte`, `\rpm`, `\jansky`, `\upmag`, `\mag`, `\permille`, `\ppm`, `\ppb`.
+
+## Chemistry (chem module)
+
+`\ce{...}` — reactions and formulas via `mhchem`.
+`\chemfig{...}` — structural formulas.
+`\Nuclide[A][Z]{sym}` — isotopes, e.g. `\Nuclide[99m]{Tc}`.
+
+## Non-breaking spaces
+
+DGS's convention for non-breaking space is `word\ text` — literal backslash-space.
+This prevents ugly line breaks between short words and units / following text. Use
+liberally after prepositions in Slavic languages (`v\ zime`, `s\ hmotnosťou`).
+
+## Footnotes
+
+```
+… as computed above.^[Take the smaller root of the quadratic.]
+```
+
+Renders to `\footnote{…}` in TeX. Note: raw `\footnote` in the Markdown is banned
+by `mdcheck` (`txf`).
+
+## Lists and emphasis
+
+Plain Markdown: `**bold**`, `_italic_`, `-` / `*` for bullets, `1.` for enumerated.
+Do **not** write raw `\textit`, `\textbf`, `\textsf` — the linter forbids TeX font
+styling (`txp`) and TeX headings (`txs`).
+
+## Strikethrough
+
+`~text~` renders to `\st{text}` (aliased to `\sout{}` via `ulem`).
+
+## Fancy Unicode punctuation is banned
+
+`mdcheck.uni` rejects: `“ ” ’ – — ~` in the source. Use plain ASCII (`"` `'` `-`)
+or the LaTeX equivalents (`--` for en-dash, `---` for em-dash).
+
+## Style checker (`core/mdcheck/check.py`) — the ones that bite
+
+Line-length limit: 120 characters (`lln`). Break long lines at sentence or clause
+boundaries.
+
+Space rules:
+- `eqs` — spaces around `=`, `\approx`, `\doteq`, `\geq`, `\leq`, `\gg`, `\ll`.
+- `cdt` — spaces around `\cdot`.
+- `pws` — spaces around `+`.
+- `pas` — no space **after** `\left(` or **before** `\right)`.
+- `dds` — `$$` alone on its own line (except with a label after it).
+
+siunitx rules:
+- `osi` — `\SI*` forbidden, use `\qty*`.
+- `csi` — no comma inside `\qty{}`.
+- `cnu` — no comma inside `\num{}`.
+- `sie` — no `\cdot`/`\times`/`^` inside `\qty{}`/`\num{}`/`\ang{}`.
+- `crc` — no `^\circ`, use `\ang{…}`.
+- `vep` — no `\varepsilon` (patched to be `\epsilon` in `hacks.tex`).
+
+TeX-macro discouraged:
+- `sum` — replace `\sum` with `\Sum[lo][hi]{elt}`.
+- `int` — replace `\int` with `\Int[a][b]{f}{x}`.
+- `imp` — replace `\implies` with `\Implies`.
+- `rar` — replace `\Rightarrow` with `\Implies`.
+- `txp` — no `\textit`/`\textbf`/`\textsf` (use Markdown emphasis instead).
+- `txs` — no `\section`/`\subsection` in Markdown.
+- `txf` — no `\footnote` (use `^[…]`).
+- `frb` — `\frac` must be followed by `{` (i.e. `\frac{a}{b}`, not `\frac ab`).
+- `opa` — omit parentheses in simple function arguments: write `\sin\alpha`, not
+  `\sin(\alpha)`.
+- `lip` — no `\insertPicture` (use `![](…)` instead).
+
+Typography:
+- `tgc`, `thc` — no `\,` `\;` `\.` `\thinspace` (typographic corrections).
+- `pun` — no punctuation inside `\text{}`.
+- `tjs` — Slovak abbreviation spacing: write `t. j.` with a space, not `t.j.`.
+
+Whitespace:
+- `tab` — no tabs.
+- `tws` — no trailing whitespace.
+- `spb` — space before `\\` line-break in align.
+- `lbw`, `rbw` — no whitespace immediately inside `{` `}`.
+
+Language nitpicks (Slovak):
+- `mzm` — `môžeme` (not `môžme`).
+- `tht` — `tohto` (not `tohoto`).
+
+Conflict markers: `cmk` — obviously fatal.
+
+## Answer-specific rules
+
+`answer.md`, `answer-also.md`, `answer-interval.md` all get one extra check:
+
+- `fra` — must use `\dfrac`, not `\frac`. Answer cells are narrow and small; `\frac`
+  produces cramped fractions there.
+
+## Problem vs. solution label rules
+
+`mdcheck.Reference` splits behaviour by filename:
+
+- `problem.md`: label id prefix must match the problem name. Both bare
+  (`{#eq:archery}`) and sub-labelled (`{#fig:archery:diagram}`) are accepted.
+- `solution.md`: label **must** carry a sublabel matching
+  `[a-zA-Z0-9_]+` — `{#eq:archery:hd}`.
+- The `lfn` rule additionally guards against typo'd ids, and `lne` catches the
+  narrow case of trailing junk between id and `}` in `problem.md`.
+
+## Header/section commands
+
+Do not write `#`, `##`, `\section`, `\subsection` in problems. The templates
+(`modules/naboj/templates/blocks/*.jtex`) wrap each problem's contents in the
+correct sectioning at assembly time.
diff --git a/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/quantities-and-constants.md b/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/quantities-and-constants.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..40ff0d17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/quantities-and-constants.md
@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+# Physics quantities and constants
+
+DGS wraps `pint` in a `PhysicsQuantity` class (`core/builder/context/quantities/`)
+that carries a symbol, a magnitude, a unit, and optional `si_extra` settings for
+`siunitx` formatting. Constants and per-problem `values` are all instances of
+`PhysicsQuantity` (constants are `PhysicsConstant`, a subclass).
+
+## Declaring values in `meta.yaml`
+
+```yaml
+values:
+  v0:
+    magnitude: 50
+    unit: 'metre / second'          # pint expression: use spaces or /, ^, *, ()
+    symbol: 'v_0'                    # TeX (will appear inside $…$)
+  D:
+    magnitude: 70
+    unit: 'metre'
+    symbol: 'd'
+  f:
+    magnitude: 0.3
+    unit: ~                          # ~ or '1' → dimensionless
+  frac:
+    magnitude: 96
+    unit: '%'                        # percent unit
+  acc:
+    magnitude: 2.6
+    unit: 'kilometre / hour / second'
+    si_extra:                        # forwarded to siunitx as [key=value, …]
+      per-mode: repeated-symbol
+    symbol: a
+  m_c:
+    magnitude: 20
+    unit: 'kilogram'
+    symbol: "m_c"
+```
+
+- `magnitude:` accepts int, float, or scientific literal. For explicit floats in
+  YAML use `!!float 1e-6` if you hit a parsing corner case.
+- `unit:` is a pint unit expression. Common tokens: `metre`, `second`,
+  `kilogram`, `newton`, `joule`, `pascal`, `mole`, `kelvin`, `ampere`, `volt`,
+  `ohm`, `watt`, `hertz`, `radian`, `degree`. Compose with `*`, `/`, `**`, `squared`,
+  `cubed`, `per`. Example: `'kilogram * metre / second squared'`.
+- `symbol:` is the TeX symbol used by `.eq`, `.equals`, `|ef`, `|eg`. Include
+  LaTeX escapes if you need them: `symbol: "v_{\\mathrm{max}}"` (YAML requires the
+  escape doubling), or single-quote raw: `symbol: 'g_{\Moon}'`.
+- `si_extra:` becomes `[key1=value1, key2=value2]` inside the emitted `\qty`
+  command. Rare — needed only for unusual per-mode/parse settings.
+
+Dimensionless values are useful for coefficients (friction, efficiency). Their
+`\qty{…}{}` reduces to `\num{…}`.
+
+## Referring to a value in Markdown
+
+Just the name — no `values.` prefix:
+
+```
+The initial speed is $(§ v0 §)$ and the distance is $(§ D §)$.
+```
+
+Renders (approximately) to:
+
+```
+The initial speed is $\qty{50}{\metre\per\second}$ and the distance is $\qty{70}{\metre}$.
+```
+
+## Properties of `PhysicsQuantity`
+
+Access via dotted attribute (inside `(§ … §)`):
+
+| Attribute       | Result                                                      |
+| --------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `q.mag`         | Raw pint magnitude (float / int / array).                   |
+| `q.unit`        | Pint unit object.                                           |
+| `q.symbol`, `q.sym` | The TeX symbol (string). `None` if not set.            |
+| `q.eq`, `q.equals` | `"<symbol> = <full>"`. Example: `"v_0 = \qty{50}{...}".` |
+| `q.full`        | Default-format string (like `|g`).                          |
+| `q.to('unit')`  | Convert to another commensurate unit; returns new quantity. |
+| `q.simplify()`  | Convert to base SI units.                                   |
+| `q.only_unit()` | Just the unit as `\unit{…}` (siunitx).                      |
+| `q.widen(v)`    | Return a `QuantityRange` of `[(1−v)q, (1+v)q]`.             |
+
+Arithmetic operators all work: `+ - * / ** neg`. Mixed with raw numbers you get
+the expected pint behaviour. `q1 % q2` is overloaded: it constructs a
+`QuantityRange(q1, q2)` — do **not** expect Python modulo.
+
+## Extra properties on `PhysicsConstant`
+
+Constants (`const.g`, `const.G`, ...) add:
+
+| Attribute                 | Result                                                 |
+| ------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------ |
+| `const.g.approx`          | Rounded to the constant's declared `digits:`; still a  |
+|                           | `PhysicsQuantity`. Example: `g ≈ 9.80665 → 9.81`.     |
+| `const.g.digits`          | Preferred precision integer.                            |
+| `const.g.full`            | Default-format printable form.                          |
+| `const.g.full_exact`      | Full precision (`{:99g}`).                              |
+| `const.g.full_approx`     | Full precision at `digits`.                             |
+| `const.g.fullf(p)`        | Fixed-precision printable.                              |
+| `const.g.fullg(p)`        | General-precision printable.                            |
+| `const.g.exact`           | `True` if the value is defined as exact.                |
+
+The idiomatic pattern (see `preamble.md` in `archery`, `ice-ice-baby`, etc.):
+
+```
+@J set result       = expr(v0, D, const.g.approx)      # for answer.md
+@J set result_exact = expr(v0, D, const.g)             # for solution.md
+```
+
+Constants come from `core/data/constants.yaml`. Each entry:
+
+```yaml
+gforce:
+    symbol:     "g"
+    aliases:    ['g']
+    magnitude:  9.80665
+    unit:       "metre / s^2"
+    digits:     1
+    force_f:    true                    # force |f formatting regardless
+```
+
+Aliases mean `const.g` and `const.gforce` refer to the same object. Common
+aliases in constants.yaml:
+
+- `const.g`  → `gforce`
+- `const.G`  → `gravity` (gravitational constant)
+- `const.c`  → `speed_light`
+- `const.h`  → `planck`
+- `const.hbar` → `planck_bar`
+- `const.k`  → `boltzmann`
+- `const.NA` → `avogadro`
+- `const.R`  → `universal_gas`
+- `const.e`  → `elementary_charge`
+- `const.m_E`, `const.M_Sun`, etc.
+
+Adding a new constant: edit `core/data/constants.yaml`, keep alphabetical grouping,
+provide `symbol`, `magnitude`, `unit`, `digits`, and any `aliases`. Set `exact: true`
+if the SI defines the value exactly (planck, c, elementary charge, ...).
+
+## Formatting filters (summary; full list in jinja-templating.md)
+
+- `|f2` — fixed-decimal with 2 digits: `\qty{50.00}{\metre\per\second}`.
+- `|g3` — general with 3 significant digits.
+- `|n` — `\num{50}` (no unit).
+- `|nf2`, `|ng3` — `\num{}` with precision.
+- `|ef2` — `v_0 = \qty{50.00}{...}` (uses `.symbol`).
+- `|eg3` — general precision variant.
+- `|mag` — raw magnitude only (for further arithmetic).
+- `|unit` — just `\unit{...}`.
+- `|sim` — simplify to base units.
+- `|w(0.05)` — construct `QuantityRange` = ±5% band around this value.
+
+For a raw Python `float` result of an expression (e.g. `(§ v0**2/D §)`), the same
+filters apply — `PhysicsQuantity` handles the routing.
+
+## Ranges (`QuantityRange`)
+
+Two constructors:
+
+- `q1 % q2` where `q1 <= q2` (units must be commensurate; second is converted to
+  first's unit).
+- `q.widen(v)` — returns a symmetric ±v range around `q`.
+- Given a range `r`, `r.widen(v)` **widens** the range by factor `(1+v)`
+  around its centre. It never narrows; degenerate ranges (min == max) stay
+  degenerate.
+
+Format:
+
+- Formatted as `\qtyrange{lo}{hi}{unit}` (or `\numrange{}` for dimensionless).
+- Precision inherited from format spec: `|f2`, `|g3`, ...
+
+Typical use in `answer-interval.md`:
+
+```
+$(§ (result % result_exact) | w(0.01) | f2 §)$
+```
+
+This says: take the range with endpoints `result` and `result_exact`, widen by
+1%, format each endpoint to 2 decimals. The narrowest form of tolerance authoring.
+
+## Lists (`QuantityList`)
+
+If you have several commensurate values to typeset as a list:
+
+- Format: `\qtylist{v1;v2;v3}{unit}` (or `\numlist` for dimensionless).
+- All values are coerced to the first's unit; `pint` raises on incompatible units.
+- Not commonly used in Náboj; more common in scholar / seminar modules.
+
+## Common pitfalls
+
+- **Percentages.** `unit: '%'` gives you a `pint` percent. `Q(100, '%')` is
+  the ad-hoc form. Convert with `.to('1')` when you need a dimensionless ratio.
+- **Angles.** `unit: 'degree'` for degrees; use `.to('radian')` or `rad(x)` in
+  Jinja math expressions.
+- **Rounding vs. formatting.** `.approx` **truly rounds** the internal magnitude
+  (still `PhysicsQuantity`). `|f2` only affects the printed string. For
+  `const.g`, use `.approx` when you want subsequent arithmetic to see the rounded
+  value (i.e. the value competitors would use).
+- **Symbol propagation across arithmetic.** `q1 * q2` produces a new
+  `PhysicsQuantity` with `symbol=None`. If you need a labelled result, either
+  provide the symbol separately in the math (`$H = (§ result|f2 §)$`), or
+  construct via `PhysicsQuantity(...)` with a `symbol=` kwarg.
+- **`force_f: true`.** Some constants are declared with this so that they always
+  format as fixed decimal even under `|g`. Notable: `gforce`.
+- **Immutability.** `PhysicsQuantity` is immutable — you cannot assign to
+  `q.quantity`. Construct a new one via `.to()`, `.simplify()`, or arithmetic.
diff --git a/core/data/constants.yaml b/core/data/constants.yaml
index b090303f..cd001d9e 100644
--- a/core/data/constants.yaml
+++ b/core/data/constants.yaml
@@ -70,6 +70,18 @@ us_pint:
     unit:       "millilitre"
     digits:     3
 
+ounce:
+    symbol:     "oz"
+    magnitude:  28.349523125
+    unit:       "gram"
+    digits:     4
+
+troy_ounce:
+    symbol:     "oz t"
+    magnitude:  31.1034768
+    unit:       "gram"
+    digits:     3
+
 pound:
     symbol:     "\\mathrm{lb}"
     aliases:    ['lb']
@@ -346,18 +358,21 @@ heat_vaporization_water:
     magnitude:  2260
     unit:       "kilojoule / kilogram"
     digits:     2
+    aliases:    ['hvw']
 
 heat_capacity_ice:
     symbol:     "c_\\text{\\Snow}"
     magnitude:  2093
     unit:       "joule / kilogram / kelvin"
     digits:     4
+    aliases:    ['hci']
 
 heat_melting_ice:
     symbol:     "l_\\text{\\Snow}"
     magnitude:  334000
     unit:       "J / kg"
     digits:     3
+    aliases:    ['hmi']
 
 thermal_expansion_water:
     symbol:     "\\beta_{\\ce{H2O}}"
@@ -366,6 +381,7 @@ thermal_expansion_water:
     si_extra:
       per-mode: 'reciprocal'
     digits:     2
+    aliases:    ['tew']  
 
 molar_mass_oxygen:
     symbol:     "M_{\\ce{O}}"

From b088732e46b06daa91178151b3a4cf78ca30ac7e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2026 10:28:34 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 21/46] Fixed faulty context schemas

---
 modules/naboj/builder/contexts/base.py | 4 ++--
 modules/naboj/builder/renderer.py      | 8 ++++----
 2 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/base.py b/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/base.py
index 5419c904..7c3f45ba 100644
--- a/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/base.py
+++ b/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/base.py
@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@ class ContextNaboj(FileSystemTreeContext):
     })
     problem = Schema({
         'id': Regex(r'[a-z0-9-]+'),
-        Optional('tags'): [str],
-        Optional('author'): [valid_tag],
+        Optional('tags'): [valid_tag],
+        Optional('author'): Or([str], []),
         'number': int,
     })
     _schema = Schema({
diff --git a/modules/naboj/builder/renderer.py b/modules/naboj/builder/renderer.py
index 9399ad08..98200291 100755
--- a/modules/naboj/builder/renderer.py
+++ b/modules/naboj/builder/renderer.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 from abc import ABC
 
 
-from enschema import Schema, And
+from enschema import Schema, And, Or
 
 from core.builder import renderer
 
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ def valid_tag(tag: str) -> bool:
 
 class NabojStandaloneContext(renderer.StandaloneContext):
     _schema = renderer.StandaloneContext._schema | Schema({
-        'authors': list[str],                       # List of authors
-        'tags': list[And(str, valid_tag)],          # Tags
+        'authors': Or(list[str], []),             # List of authors
+        'tags': Or(list[And(str, valid_tag)], []),          # Tags
     })
 
 
@@ -49,4 +49,4 @@ class CLIInterface(renderer.CLIInterface, ABC):
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
-    CLIInterface().run()
\ No newline at end of file
+    CLIInterface().run()

From 3589459928b2537179dc680403bd85c9a9de1d3e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2026 11:31:14 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 22/46] Added euro

---
 core/builder/jinja.py  | 5 +++++
 core/i18n/default.yaml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/core/builder/jinja.py b/core/builder/jinja.py
index d8614b4a..1b88ae51 100644
--- a/core/builder/jinja.py
+++ b/core/builder/jinja.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 from pathlib import Path
 
 import jinja2
+import pint
 import os
 import numpy as np
 
@@ -15,6 +16,10 @@
 
 log = logger.setupLog('dgs')
 
+ureg = pint.UnitRegistry(preprocessors=[lambda s: s.replace("€", "EUR")])
+ureg.define("eur = [currency] = € = EUR")
+pint.set_application_registry(ureg)
+
 
 class MissingVariablesError(Exception):
     def __init__(self, missing, *, template):
diff --git a/core/i18n/default.yaml b/core/i18n/default.yaml
index 8e64e45a..8ccba66d 100644
--- a/core/i18n/default.yaml
+++ b/core/i18n/default.yaml
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ siunitx:
     lumen: 'lm'
     lux: 'lx'
     newton: 'N'
-    ohm: '\Omega'
+    ohm: '\\Omega'
     pascal: 'Pa'
     radian: 'rad'
     siemens: 'Si'

From bce94f3556d202bbcab54fc178096e372299d270 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2026 13:58:14 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 23/46] Ruffed

---
 core/builder/builder.py                       | 15 ++--
 core/builder/context/__init__.py              |  7 +-
 core/builder/context/buildable.py             |  3 +-
 core/builder/context/context.py               | 10 +--
 core/builder/context/file.py                  |  1 -
 core/builder/context/module.py                |  2 +-
 core/builder/context/quantities/__init__.py   |  9 ++-
 core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py   | 13 ++--
 core/builder/context/tree.py                  |  5 +-
 core/builder/convertor.py                     | 10 +--
 core/builder/i18n.py                          |  3 +-
 core/builder/jinja.py                         | 15 ++--
 core/builder/renderer.py                      | 16 ++--
 core/builder/standalone.py                    |  6 +-
 core/builder/validator.py                     |  9 +--
 core/cli.py                                   |  1 -
 core/filters/hacks.py                         |  1 -
 core/filters/latex.py                         | 23 +++---
 core/filters/numbers.py                       |  5 +-
 core/i18n/__init__.py                         | 11 +--
 core/markdown-check.py                        |  5 +-
 core/mdcheck/check.py                         | 25 +++----
 core/tests/test_convertor.py                  |  3 +-
 core/tests/test_filters.py                    | 16 +++-
 core/tests/test_jinja.py                      |  5 +-
 core/tests/test_lists.py                      | 31 +++++---
 core/tests/test_quantities.py                 |  5 +-
 core/utilities/crawler.py                     |  2 +-
 core/utilities/lists.py                       | 15 ++--
 core/utilities/logger.py                      |  2 +-
 core/utilities/schema.py                      |  1 -
 dgs-copy.py                                   | 11 +--
 modules/naboj/builder/builder.py              |  3 +-
 modules/naboj/builder/contexts/__init__.py    |  2 +-
 modules/naboj/builder/contexts/base.py        | 11 +--
 modules/naboj/builder/contexts/buildable.py   |  7 +-
 modules/naboj/builder/contexts/hierarchy.py   |  5 +-
 modules/naboj/builder/contexts/i18n.py        |  6 +-
 modules/naboj/builder/contexts/validators.py  |  6 +-
 modules/naboj/builder/renderer.py             |  4 +-
 modules/naboj/builder/venue.py                |  5 +-
 modules/naboj/scripts/link.py                 |  9 +--
 modules/poetry/builder/builder.py             |  1 -
 modules/poetry/builder/context.py             |  1 -
 modules/scholar/builder/builder.py            |  1 -
 modules/scholar/builder/context.py            |  1 -
 modules/scholar/builder/contexts/__init__.py  |  2 +-
 modules/scholar/builder/contexts/buildable.py |  3 +-
 modules/scholar/builder/contexts/handout.py   |  5 +-
 modules/scholar/builder/contexts/hierarchy.py |  6 +-
 modules/scholar/builder/contexts/homework.py  |  5 +-
 modules/scholar/builder/contexts/i18n.py      |  1 +
 .../scholar/builder/contexts/validators.py    |  5 +-
 modules/scholar/builder/renderer.py           |  2 +-
 modules/seminar/builder/context.py            | 12 +--
 modules/seminar/builder/renderer.py           |  3 +-
 modules/seminar/builder/validators.py         |  4 +-
 pyproject.toml                                |  4 +-
 uv.lock                                       | 74 ++++++++++++++++++-
 59 files changed, 278 insertions(+), 196 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/builder/builder.py b/core/builder/builder.py
index 7ab0d84c..cf9f85fc 100644
--- a/core/builder/builder.py
+++ b/core/builder/builder.py
@@ -1,18 +1,19 @@
-import pprint
 import argparse
-import argparsedirs
 import logging
 import os
+import pprint
 import subprocess
-
-from abc import abstractmethod, ABCMeta
+from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any, ClassVar
+from typing import ClassVar
+
+import argparsedirs
 
 from core.builder.context import Context
-from core.builder.jinja import JinjaRenderer
-from core.utilities import colour as c, crawler
 from core.builder.context.buildable import BuildableContext
+from core.builder.jinja import JinjaRenderer
+from core.utilities import colour as c
+from core.utilities import crawler
 
 log = logging.getLogger('dgs')
 
diff --git a/core/builder/context/__init__.py b/core/builder/context/__init__.py
index fcb61c7a..cd510303 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/__init__.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/__init__.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
+from .buildable import BuildableContext, BuildableFileSystemTreeContext
 from .context import Context
 from .file import FileContext
-from .tree import FileSystemTreeContext
-from .buildable import BuildableContext, BuildableFileSystemTreeContext
-from .quantities import PhysicsConstant
-
 from .module import ContextModule
+from .quantities import PhysicsConstant
+from .tree import FileSystemTreeContext
diff --git a/core/builder/context/buildable.py b/core/builder/context/buildable.py
index 066e794e..631870a8 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/buildable.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/buildable.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from abc import abstractmethod, ABC
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
 
 from .context import Context
 from .tree import FileSystemTreeContext
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ def populate(self, *args, **kwargs):
         """
         Populate the buildable context with data. No default behaviour; must be implemented in the derived class.
         """
-        pass
 
 
 class BuildableFileSystemTreeContext(FileSystemTreeContext, BuildableContext, ABC):
diff --git a/core/builder/context/context.py b/core/builder/context/context.py
index 1e92724e..7123eb00 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/context.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/context.py
@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@
 import copy
 import logging
 import pprint
-import yaml
-
-from typing import Any, Self, Optional
 from pathlib import Path
-from enschema import Schema, SchemaError, Regex
+from typing import Any, Self
+
+import yaml
+from enschema import Regex, Schema, SchemaError
 
 from core.utilities import colour as c
 
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 
 class Context(abc.ABC):
     _defaults: dict[str, Any] = {}      # Defaults for every instance
-    _schema: Optional[Schema] = None       # Validation schema for the context, or None if it is not to be validated
+    _schema: Schema | None = None       # Validation schema for the context, or None if it is not to be validated
     _id: str = None
     _data: dict[str, Any] = None
 
diff --git a/core/builder/context/file.py b/core/builder/context/file.py
index b126dea3..2480978d 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/file.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/file.py
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import logging
-
 from pathlib import Path
 
 from .context import Context
diff --git a/core/builder/context/module.py b/core/builder/context/module.py
index 0c8e4b7f..6c14027c 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/module.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/module.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from enschema import Schema, And
+from enschema import And, Schema
 
 from .context import Context
 
diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/__init__.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/__init__.py
index c339f6bb..1b2ee769 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/__init__.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/__init__.py
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
-from .quantity import PhysicsQuantity, QuantityRange, QuantityList, construct_quantity
 from .constant import PhysicsConstant
-
+from .quantity import PhysicsQuantity, QuantityList, QuantityRange, construct_quantity
 
 __all__ = [
-    'PhysicsQuantity', 'PhysicsConstant', 'QuantityRange', 'QuantityList', 'construct_quantity',
+    'PhysicsConstant',
+    'PhysicsQuantity',
+    'QuantityList',
+    'QuantityRange',
+    'construct_quantity',
 ]
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
index 6c22a448..cbe2c129 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 import numbers
 import operator
 import re
-from typing import Optional, Self, Callable, Union, Any
+from collections.abc import Callable
+from typing import Any, Self
 
 import numpy as np
 import pint
@@ -18,7 +19,7 @@ class PhysicsQuantity:
     """
 
     def __init__(self,
-                 quantity: pint.Quantity | int | float,
+                 quantity: pint.Quantity | float,
                  *,
                  symbol: str = None,
                  si_extra: dict[str, str] = None,
@@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ def construct(magnitude, unit, **kwargs):
         """
         return PhysicsQuantity(u.Quantity(magnitude, unit), **kwargs)
 
-    def _binop(self, other, op: Callable[[Self, Union[Self, numbers.Number, u.Quantity]], Any]) -> Self:
+    def _binop(self, other, op: Callable[[Self, Self | numbers.Number | u.Quantity], Any]) -> Self:
         if isinstance(other, PhysicsQuantity):
             return PhysicsQuantity(op(self._quantity, other._quantity))
         elif isinstance(other, numbers.Number) or isinstance(other, pint.registry.Quantity):
@@ -280,14 +281,14 @@ def eq(self) -> str:
         """
         return self.equals
 
-    def equals_float(self, precision: Optional[int]) -> str:
+    def equals_float(self, precision: int | None) -> str:
         """
         Full form with symbol and equal sign,
         `<symbol> = <full>`
         """
         return rf"{self._symbol} = {self:.{precision}f}"
 
-    def equals_general(self, precision: Optional[int]) -> str:
+    def equals_general(self, precision: int | None) -> str:
         """
         Full form with symbol and equal sign,
         `<symbol> = <full>`
@@ -295,7 +296,7 @@ def equals_general(self, precision: Optional[int]) -> str:
         return rf"{self._symbol} = {self:.{precision}g}"
 
 
-def construct_quantity(magnitude, unit, *, symbol: Optional[str] = None):
+def construct_quantity(magnitude, unit, *, symbol: str | None = None):
     """ Constructor-like function """
     return PhysicsQuantity.construct(magnitude, unit, symbol=symbol)
 
diff --git a/core/builder/context/tree.py b/core/builder/context/tree.py
index 785ec4d5..1a6edfe4 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/tree.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/tree.py
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 import logging
-
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
 from typing import Any, ClassVar
+
 from enschema import SchemaError, SchemaMissingKeyError
 
-from core.utilities import colour as c, crawler
+from core.utilities import colour as c
+from core.utilities import crawler
 
 from .context import Context
 
diff --git a/core/builder/convertor.py b/core/builder/convertor.py
index 72542e34..d492cb1a 100644
--- a/core/builder/convertor.py
+++ b/core/builder/convertor.py
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 import subprocess
 import tempfile
-from tempfile import SpooledTemporaryFile
-from typing import Callable
+from collections.abc import Callable
 from pathlib import Path
+from tempfile import SpooledTemporaryFile
 
-from core.utilities import colour as c
-from .classes import RegexFailure, RegexReplacement
 from core import i18n
 
+from .classes import RegexFailure, RegexReplacement
+
 
 class Convertor:
     post_regexes = {
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ def call_pandoc(self):
             "-M", f"crossrefYaml=build/core/i18n/{self.locale_code}.yaml",
             #"--filter", "pandoc-include",
             "-M", f"include-entry={Path(self.infile.name).parent}/",
-            "-M", f"rewrite-path=false",
+            "-M", "rewrite-path=false",
             "--filter", "pandoc-minted",
             "--lua-filter", "./core/filters/quotes.lua",
         ]
diff --git a/core/builder/i18n.py b/core/builder/i18n.py
index c0ba715e..a10c87d9 100644
--- a/core/builder/i18n.py
+++ b/core/builder/i18n.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
+from core import i18n
 from core.builder.builder import BaseBuilder
 from core.builder.context.buildable import BuildableContext
-
-from core import i18n
 from core.builder.jinja import StaticRenderer
 
 
diff --git a/core/builder/jinja.py b/core/builder/jinja.py
index 1b88ae51..4c8310c2 100644
--- a/core/builder/jinja.py
+++ b/core/builder/jinja.py
@@ -1,18 +1,19 @@
 import functools
 import math
+import os
 from abc import abstractmethod
+from collections.abc import Callable
 from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any
 
 import jinja2
-import pint
-import os
 import numpy as np
+import pint
 
-from typing import Any, Callable
-
-from core.builder.context.quantities import PhysicsQuantity, QuantityRange
-from core.utilities import colour as c, logger
+from core.builder.context.quantities import PhysicsQuantity
 from core.filters import latex, numbers
+from core.utilities import colour as c
+from core.utilities import logger
 
 log = logger.setupLog('dgs')
 
@@ -169,7 +170,7 @@ def __generate_format_functions(func: Callable[[Any], Callable], tag: str):
         """
         Generate formatting function shorthands for a particular format and all precisions between 0 and 9.
         """
-        return {f'{tag}{prec:d}': functools.partial(func, precision=prec) for prec in range(0, 10)}
+        return {f'{tag}{prec:d}': functools.partial(func, precision=prec) for prec in range(10)}
 
     def __init__(self, **kwargs):
         """
diff --git a/core/builder/renderer.py b/core/builder/renderer.py
index 03d6da71..a6e253d0 100755
--- a/core/builder/renderer.py
+++ b/core/builder/renderer.py
@@ -1,26 +1,22 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 import argparse
 import io
+import logging
 import numbers
 import pprint
-import logging
-import regex as re
-
 from abc import ABC
 from io import TextIOWrapper
-
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Optional
 
-from enschema import Schema, Optional as Opt, Or, And, Regex
+from enschema import And, Or, Regex, Schema
+from enschema import Optional as Opt
 
 from core import cli
 from core.builder.context.context import Context, ValidIdentifier
 from core.builder.context.file import FileContext
+from core.builder.context.quantities import PhysicsConstant
 from core.builder.context.quantities.math import MathObject
 from core.builder.jinja import MarkdownJinjaRenderer
-
-from core.builder.context.quantities import PhysicsConstant
 from core.utilities import colour as c
 
 log = logging.getLogger('dgs')
@@ -36,7 +32,7 @@ def __init__(self,
                  template_file: TextIOWrapper,
                  context: Context,
                  *,
-                 preamble: Optional[io.TextIOWrapper] = None,
+                 preamble: io.TextIOWrapper | None = None,
                  debug: bool = False):
         """
         Parameters
@@ -51,7 +47,7 @@ def __init__(self,
             Activate debug mode.
         """
         self.context: Context = context
-        self.preamble: Optional[str] = preamble.read() if preamble else None
+        self.preamble: str | None = preamble.read() if preamble else None
         self.template: str = template_file.read()
 
         if debug:
diff --git a/core/builder/standalone.py b/core/builder/standalone.py
index 13b91bb4..ec89c137 100644
--- a/core/builder/standalone.py
+++ b/core/builder/standalone.py
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import TextIO, Optional
+from typing import TextIO
 
 from core import i18n
-from core.builder.jinja import StaticRenderer, JinjaRenderer
 from core.builder.context import Context
+from core.builder.jinja import StaticRenderer
 
 
 class BuilderStandalone:
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ class BuilderStandalone:
     def __init__(self,
                  locale_code: str,
                  infile: TextIO,
-                 outfile: Optional[TextIO] = None,
+                 outfile: TextIO | None = None,
                  **options):
         self.locale_code: str = locale_code
         self.locale: i18n.Locale = i18n.languages[locale_code]
diff --git a/core/builder/validator.py b/core/builder/validator.py
index b9ddc851..9ce76309 100644
--- a/core/builder/validator.py
+++ b/core/builder/validator.py
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 import abc
 import logging
 import pprint
-import regex as re
-
-from enschema import Schema, SchemaError, And, Or, Regex
 from pathlib import Path
 
+import regex as re
+from enschema import And, Or, Regex, Schema, SchemaError
+
 log = logging.getLogger('dgs')
 
 Link = 'link'
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ def validate(self) -> None:
             self.schema.validate(self.tree)
             self.perform_extra_checks()
         except SchemaError as e:
-            log.error(f"Could not validate file system tree")
+            log.error("Could not validate file system tree")
             pprint.pprint(self.tree)
             log.error(f"against schema\n{self.schema}")
             raise e
@@ -63,4 +63,3 @@ def perform_extra_checks(self) -> None:
         Extra checks that are impossible or cumbersome to implement with schema.
         Runs *after* schema validation. By default, this is a no-op.
         """
-        pass
diff --git a/core/cli.py b/core/cli.py
index 44524a32..c6f93e5b 100644
--- a/core/cli.py
+++ b/core/cli.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 import argparse
 import logging
 import sys
-
 from abc import abstractmethod
 
 from core import i18n
diff --git a/core/filters/hacks.py b/core/filters/hacks.py
index d376399d..ec0c1b87 100644
--- a/core/filters/hacks.py
+++ b/core/filters/hacks.py
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import regex as re
 
-
 NumberWithExtraOne = re.compile(r'1\.?e[+-]?[0-9]+')
 
 
diff --git a/core/filters/latex.py b/core/filters/latex.py
index c7f9ebe1..4bad6526 100644
--- a/core/filters/latex.py
+++ b/core/filters/latex.py
@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
-import regex as re
 
-from typing import Any, Union, Callable, Optional
+from collections.abc import Callable
+from typing import Any
 
-from enschema import Schema, Or
+from enschema import Or, Schema
 
-from .numbers import _nth, format_float, format_general
 from core.builder.context.quantities import PhysicsQuantity
+
 from ..builder.context.quantities.math import MathObject
+from .numbers import _nth, format_float, format_general
 
 
 def isotex(date):
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@ def upnth(x: int) -> str:
     return rf"${x}^{{\mathrm{{{_nth(x)}}}}}$"
 
 
-def render_list(items: Union[list, Any],
+def render_list(items: list | Any,
                 *,
                 func: Callable = identity,
                 and_word: str = 'a',
@@ -67,7 +68,7 @@ def render_list(items: Union[list, Any],
     return ' '.join(items)
 
 
-def process_people(people: Union[list[dict[str, str]], dict[str, str]]) -> list[dict[str, str]]:
+def process_people(people: list[dict[str, str]] | dict[str, str]) -> list[dict[str, str]]:
     """
     Pre-process people metadata:
         - if a dict, wrap it in a list
@@ -113,7 +114,7 @@ def format_gender_suffix(people: dict[str, dict[str, str]], *, func: Callable =
                              f"Define 'gender' key in meta.yaml")
 
 
-def format_people(people: Union[str, list, dict], *, func: Callable = identity, and_word: str = 'a') -> str:
+def format_people(people: str | list | dict, *, func: Callable = identity, and_word: str = 'a') -> str:
     """
     Fully format a list of people
     Parameters
@@ -130,21 +131,21 @@ def num(x: float):
     return rf'\num{{{x}}}'
 
 
-def num_float(x: float, precision: Optional[int] = None):
+def num_float(x: float, precision: int | None = None):
     """ Format as a `siunitx` \num{} input (float)"""
     return rf'\num{{{format_float(x, precision)}}}'
 
 
-def num_general(x: float, precision: Optional[int] = None):
+def num_general(x: float, precision: int | None = None):
     """ Format as a `siunitx` \num{} input (general)"""
     return rf'\num{{{format_general(x, precision)}}}'
 
 
-def equals_float(q: PhysicsQuantity, precision: Optional[int] = None):
+def equals_float(q: PhysicsQuantity, precision: int | None = None):
     return q.equals_float(precision)
 
 
-def equals_general(q: PhysicsQuantity, precision: Optional[int] = None):
+def equals_general(q: PhysicsQuantity, precision: int | None = None):
     return q.equals_general(precision)
 
 
diff --git a/core/filters/numbers.py b/core/filters/numbers.py
index b7b18a1e..994b6b25 100644
--- a/core/filters/numbers.py
+++ b/core/filters/numbers.py
@@ -3,8 +3,9 @@
 """
 import numbers
 
+from core.builder.context.quantities import PhysicsQuantity, QuantityList, QuantityRange
+
 from .hacks import cut_extra_one
-from core.builder.context.quantities import PhysicsQuantity, QuantityRange, QuantityList
 
 
 def roman(number: int) -> str:
@@ -65,7 +66,7 @@ def format_general(x: float, precision: int = None):
     Format a float in the exponential form
     """
     if precision is None:
-        fmt = rf'g'
+        fmt = r'g'
     else:
         fmt = rf'.{precision}g'
 
diff --git a/core/i18n/__init__.py b/core/i18n/__init__.py
index f00cfcf9..c2ac844c 100644
--- a/core/i18n/__init__.py
+++ b/core/i18n/__init__.py
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
-import yaml
 import copy
 import pprint
-import regex as re
-
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import TextIO, Optional as Opt, Any
-from enschema import Schema, Optional, SchemaMissingKeyError
+from typing import Any, TextIO
+from typing import Optional as Opt
+
+import regex as re
+import yaml
+from enschema import Optional, Schema, SchemaMissingKeyError
 
 
 def merge(original, extras):
diff --git a/core/markdown-check.py b/core/markdown-check.py
index a37ed805..e60d0047 100755
--- a/core/markdown-check.py
+++ b/core/markdown-check.py
@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 
 import argparse
-import sys
-import regex as re
 import copy
 import subprocess
-
+import sys
 from pathlib import Path
 
+import regex as re
 from mdcheck import check, exceptions
 from utilities import colour as c
 
diff --git a/core/mdcheck/check.py b/core/mdcheck/check.py
index e4e84e40..d4f28e35 100644
--- a/core/mdcheck/check.py
+++ b/core/mdcheck/check.py
@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
-from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod
-import regex as re
-import logging
 import codecs
+import logging
+from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod
 
+import regex as re
 from mdcheck import exceptions
 
-
 log = logging.getLogger('root')
 log.setLevel(logging.WARNING)
 
@@ -76,7 +75,7 @@ def check(self, module, path, line):
             raise exceptions.SingleLineError(f'Spaces missing around "{match.group(0)}"', line, match.end() - 1)
 
 
-class CdotSpaces():
+class CdotSpaces:
     re_cdot = re.compile(r'[^ ]\\cdot[^$]')
 
     def check(self, module, path, line):
@@ -84,7 +83,7 @@ def check(self, module, path, line):
             raise exceptions.SingleLineError("Spaces missing around \\cdot", line, search.start() + 1)
 
 
-class PlusSpaces():
+class PlusSpaces:
     re_plus_in_quotes = re.compile(r'"\+"')
     re_plus_in_curly = re.compile(r'{\+}')
     re_plus_unary = re.compile(r'[(\[]\+[^ ]')
@@ -97,7 +96,7 @@ def check(self, module, path, line):
             raise exceptions.SingleLineError('Spaces missing around "+"', line, search.end() - 2)
 
 
-class DoubleDollars():
+class DoubleDollars:
     re_dollars = re.compile(r'\$\$')
     re_dollars_curly_open = re.compile(r'\$\${')
     re_dollars_curly_close = re.compile(r'}\$\$')
@@ -127,7 +126,7 @@ def check(self, module, path, line):
             raise exceptions.SingleLineError('Double dollars within text', line, search.start())
 
 
-class ParenthesesSpace():
+class ParenthesesSpace:
     re_right_space = re.compile(r'[^ ] +(\\right)?\)')
     re_left_space = re.compile(r'(\\left)?\( ')
 
@@ -139,7 +138,7 @@ def check(self, module, path, line):
             raise exceptions.SingleLineError("Space before right parenthesis", line, match.start() + 1)
 
 
-class Parentheses():
+class Parentheses:
     re_image = re.compile(r'^!\[.*\](.*){.*}$')
     re_left = re.compile(r'(?<!left)\(')
     re_right = re.compile(r'(?<!right)\)')
@@ -155,7 +154,7 @@ def check(self, module, path, line):
             raise exceptions.SingleLineError("Consider using \\right)", line, search.start())
 
 
-class SIExponents():
+class SIExponents:
     re_fail = re.compile(r'(?P<command>\\ang|\\SI|\\SIlist|\\SIrange){[^}]*(\\cdot|\\times|\^)[^}]*}')
 
     def check(self, module, path, line):
@@ -163,15 +162,15 @@ def check(self, module, path, line):
             raise exceptions.SingleLineError(f"Use e notation instead of TeX inside {search.group('command')}",
                 line, search.start() + len(search.group('command')) + 1)
 
-class ConflictMarkers():
+class ConflictMarkers:
     re_fail = re.compile(r'(<<<<<<<|=======|>>>>>>>)')
 
     def check(self, module, path, line):
         if search := self.re_fail.search(line):
-            raise exceptions.SingleLineError(f"Git conflict markers found!", line, search.start())
+            raise exceptions.SingleLineError("Git conflict markers found!", line, search.start())
 
 
-class DoubleSpace():
+class DoubleSpace:
     re_double_space = re.compile(r'.*\w  +\w')
 
     def check(self, module, path, line):
diff --git a/core/tests/test_convertor.py b/core/tests/test_convertor.py
index 0728360f..06cfd666 100644
--- a/core/tests/test_convertor.py
+++ b/core/tests/test_convertor.py
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-import pytest
 import re
 import tempfile
 
+import pytest
+
 from core.builder.convertor import Convertor
 
 
diff --git a/core/tests/test_filters.py b/core/tests/test_filters.py
index 7732bba3..41228d42 100644
--- a/core/tests/test_filters.py
+++ b/core/tests/test_filters.py
@@ -1,11 +1,19 @@
 import datetime
+
 import pytest
 
-from core.filters.latex import render_list, textbf, textit, isotex, format_gender_suffix, format_people
-from core.filters.numbers import nth, roman, plural
+from core.filters.latex import (
+    format_gender_suffix,
+    format_people,
+    isotex,
+    render_list,
+    textbf,
+    textit,
+)
+from core.filters.numbers import nth, plural, roman
 
 
-class TestRender():
+class TestRender:
     def test_render_list_nolist(self):
         assert render_list('string') == "string"
 
@@ -35,7 +43,7 @@ def test_render_list_f_oxford(self):
                 r"f(x), f(y), und f(z)")
 
 
-class TestIsotex():
+class TestIsotex:
     def test_one(self):
         assert isotex(datetime.date(2021, 9, 23)) == '2021--09--23'
 
diff --git a/core/tests/test_jinja.py b/core/tests/test_jinja.py
index b5624e9f..0baf8a7b 100644
--- a/core/tests/test_jinja.py
+++ b/core/tests/test_jinja.py
@@ -1,14 +1,13 @@
 from pathlib import Path
-from tempfile import NamedTemporaryFile, SpooledTemporaryFile
+from tempfile import NamedTemporaryFile
 
 import pytest
 import regex as re
+from pint import UnitRegistry as u
 
 from core.builder.context import PhysicsConstant
 from core.builder.jinja import MarkdownJinjaRenderer, MissingVariablesError
 
-from pint import UnitRegistry as u
-
 
 @pytest.fixture
 def context_simple():
diff --git a/core/tests/test_lists.py b/core/tests/test_lists.py
index ee4466d2..54e6dd70 100644
--- a/core/tests/test_lists.py
+++ b/core/tests/test_lists.py
@@ -1,8 +1,15 @@
+import itertools
 import math
+
 import pytest
-import itertools
 
-from core.utilities.lists import split_mod, split_div, split_callback, numerate, add_numbers
+from core.utilities.lists import (
+    add_numbers,
+    numerate,
+    split_callback,
+    split_div,
+    split_mod,
+)
 
 
 def is_prime(what: int) -> int:
@@ -44,12 +51,12 @@ def _generator():
     return _generator
 
 
-class TestSplits():
+class TestSplits:
     def test_splitmod(self):
-        assert split_mod(list(range(0, 12)), 3) == [[0, 3, 6, 9], [1, 4, 7, 10], [2, 5, 8, 11]]
+        assert split_mod(list(range(12)), 3) == [[0, 3, 6, 9], [1, 4, 7, 10], [2, 5, 8, 11]]
 
     def test_splitmod_2(self):
-        assert split_mod(list(range(0, 17)), 5) == [[0, 5, 10, 15], [1, 6, 11, 16], [2, 7, 12], [3, 8, 13], [4, 9, 14]]
+        assert split_mod(list(range(17)), 5) == [[0, 5, 10, 15], [1, 6, 11, 16], [2, 7, 12], [3, 8, 13], [4, 9, 14]]
 
     def test_splitmod_first_one(self):
         assert split_mod(list(range(1, 12)), 3, first=1) == [[3, 6, 9], [1, 4, 7, 10], [2, 5, 8, 11]]
@@ -61,26 +68,26 @@ def test_splitdiv_ragged(self):
         assert split_div(['a', 'b', 'c'], 2) == [['a', 'b'], ['c']]
 
     def test_splitdiv_generator(self):
-        assert split_div(range(0, 12), 3) == [[0, 1, 2], [3, 4, 5], [6, 7, 8], [9, 10, 11]]
+        assert split_div(range(12), 3) == [[0, 1, 2], [3, 4, 5], [6, 7, 8], [9, 10, 11]]
 
     def test_splitdiv_list(self):
-        assert split_div(list(range(0, 12)), 3) == [[0, 1, 2], [3, 4, 5], [6, 7, 8], [9, 10, 11]]
+        assert split_div(list(range(12)), 3) == [[0, 1, 2], [3, 4, 5], [6, 7, 8], [9, 10, 11]]
 
     def test_splitdiv_list2(self):
-        assert split_div(list(range(0, 17)), 5) == [[0, 1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8, 9], [10, 11, 12, 13, 14], [15, 16]]
+        assert split_div(list(range(17)), 5) == [[0, 1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8, 9], [10, 11, 12, 13, 14], [15, 16]]
 
     def test_split_callback(self):
-        assert split_callback(list(range(0, 12)), is_prime, 2) == [[0, 1, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10], [2, 3, 5, 7, 11]]
+        assert split_callback(list(range(12)), is_prime, 2) == [[0, 1, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10], [2, 3, 5, 7, 11]]
 
     def test_split_callback_prime(self):
-        assert split_callback(list(range(0, 12)), is_prime, 3) == [[0, 1, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10], [2, 3, 5, 7, 11], []]
+        assert split_callback(list(range(12)), is_prime, 3) == [[0, 1, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10], [2, 3, 5, 7, 11], []]
 
     def test_split_callback_low_count(self):
         with pytest.raises(IndexError):
-            split_callback(list(range(0, 12)), is_prime, 1)
+            split_callback(list(range(12)), is_prime, 1)
 
 
-class TestAdornments():
+class TestAdornments:
     def test_add_numbers(self, shopping_list):
         assert add_numbers(shopping_list) == [
             dict(number=0, id="Javelin"),
diff --git a/core/tests/test_quantities.py b/core/tests/test_quantities.py
index 1e7bcfd6..02d08b79 100644
--- a/core/tests/test_quantities.py
+++ b/core/tests/test_quantities.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 import pytest
 import regex as re
 
-from core.builder.context.quantities import PhysicsQuantity, QuantityRange, QuantityList
+from core.builder.context.quantities import PhysicsQuantity, QuantityList, QuantityRange
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
@@ -745,8 +745,9 @@ class TestPhysicsConstant:
 
     @pytest.fixture
     def g(self):
-        from core.builder.context.quantities.constant import PhysicsConstant
         from pint import UnitRegistry as u
+
+        from core.builder.context.quantities.constant import PhysicsConstant
         return PhysicsConstant(
             'gforce', u.Quantity(9.80665, 'meter / second^2'), digits=2,
         )
diff --git a/core/utilities/crawler.py b/core/utilities/crawler.py
index f52f48a8..d25b8de9 100644
--- a/core/utilities/crawler.py
+++ b/core/utilities/crawler.py
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 log = logging.getLogger('dgs')
 
 
-class Crawler():
+class Crawler:
     def __init__(self, root):
         self.step = 4
         self.root = root
diff --git a/core/utilities/lists.py b/core/utilities/lists.py
index 9a638756..1821c408 100644
--- a/core/utilities/lists.py
+++ b/core/utilities/lists.py
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 import itertools
-from typing import Iterable, Callable, List, Dict, Any
+from collections.abc import Callable, Iterable
+from typing import Any
 
 
-def add_numbers(items: List[Any],
-                numbers: Iterable = itertools.count()) -> List[Dict]:
+def add_numbers(items: list[Any],
+                numbers: Iterable = itertools.count()) -> list[dict]:
     """
     Take a list `items` and return a list of dictionaries with number included.
 
@@ -42,26 +43,26 @@ def split_mod(what: Iterable,
               count: int,
               *,
               first: int=0) -> list:
-    result = [[] for _ in range(0, count)]
+    result = [[] for _ in range(count)]
     for i, item in enumerate(what):
         result[(i + first) % count].append(item)
     return result
 
 
-def split_div(what: Iterable[Any], size: int) -> List[List[Any]]:
+def split_div(what: Iterable[Any], size: int) -> list[list[Any]]:
     """
     Split `what` into chunks of length `size`. Last chunk might not be full. """
     what = iter(what)
     return list(map(list, itertools.batched(what, size)))
 
 
-def split_callback(what: Iterable, callback: Callable, count: int) -> List[List]:
+def split_callback(what: Iterable, callback: Callable, count: int) -> list[list]:
     """
     Split `what` by `callback` function, using `count` bins
         what: [Any]
         callback: Any -> int, result must be 0 <= result < count
     """
-    result = [[] for _ in range(0, count)]
+    result = [[] for _ in range(count)]
     for i, item in enumerate(what):
         result[callback(i)].append(item)
 
diff --git a/core/utilities/logger.py b/core/utilities/logger.py
index aaa00b9e..46dc34ec 100644
--- a/core/utilities/logger.py
+++ b/core/utilities/logger.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-import logging
 import datetime
+import logging
 
 from core.utilities import colour as c
 
diff --git a/core/utilities/schema.py b/core/utilities/schema.py
index 8b4f768a..a3bc4f01 100644
--- a/core/utilities/schema.py
+++ b/core/utilities/schema.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-from enschema import And, Or, Regex
 
 from core import i18n
 
diff --git a/dgs-copy.py b/dgs-copy.py
index 3a8238a6..364573d3 100755
--- a/dgs-copy.py
+++ b/dgs-copy.py
@@ -1,10 +1,7 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 
-import os
 import argparse
-
-from typing import Tuple
-
+import os
 
 VERSION = "5.0"
 DATE = "2025-11-18"
@@ -15,7 +12,7 @@ def fire(query):
     return os.system(query)
 
 
-def problem_count(seminar: str, volume: int) -> Tuple[str, int]:
+def problem_count(seminar: str, volume: int) -> tuple[str, int]:
     sr = seminar
     if seminar == 'FKS':
         if volume < 38:
@@ -79,8 +76,8 @@ def main():
 
     # rsync everything to server
     if not args.dry_run:
-        fire(f"rsync --recursive --compress --verbose --partial --progress --copy-links --chmod=775 "
-             f"tasks trojstenweb@ksp:/var/www/trojstenweb/")
+        fire("rsync --recursive --compress --verbose --partial --progress --copy-links --chmod=775 "
+             "tasks trojstenweb@ksp:/var/www/trojstenweb/")
 
     # delete the temporary structure
     fire("rm -rf tasks")
diff --git a/modules/naboj/builder/builder.py b/modules/naboj/builder/builder.py
index 4fed09ba..415e32f0 100644
--- a/modules/naboj/builder/builder.py
+++ b/modules/naboj/builder/builder.py
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import abc
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Optional
 
 from core.builder.builder import BaseBuilder
 from core.builder.jinja import StaticRenderer
@@ -24,7 +23,7 @@ def add_arguments(self):
         self.parser.add_argument('competition', choices=['phys', 'math', 'chem', 'junior', 'test'])
         self.parser.add_argument('volume', type=int)
 
-    def build_templates(self, *, new_name: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+    def build_templates(self, *, new_name: str | None = None) -> None:
         super().build_templates()
 
         # Also build files that are defined for a translation
diff --git a/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/__init__.py b/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/__init__.py
index 8d807967..6fe42027 100644
--- a/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/__init__.py
+++ b/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/__init__.py
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 from .base import ContextNaboj
-from .i18n import ContextI18n, ContextI18nGlobal
 from .buildable import BuildableContextLanguage, BuildableContextVenue
+from .i18n import ContextI18n, ContextI18nGlobal
diff --git a/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/base.py b/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/base.py
index 7c3f45ba..c7603918 100644
--- a/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/base.py
+++ b/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/base.py
@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
-import os
 import datetime
+import os
 from pathlib import Path
-from enschema import Schema, And, Or, Regex, Optional
 
+from enschema import And, Optional, Or, Regex, Schema
+
+from core.builder.builder import get_branch, get_last_commit_hash
 from core.builder.context.tree import FileSystemTreeContext
-from core.builder.builder import get_last_commit_hash, get_branch
+from core.builder.validator import CommitHash
 from core.utilities.schema import valid_language
-from core.builder.validator import CommitHash, String
 
 
 def valid_tag(tag: str):
@@ -83,7 +84,7 @@ def populate(self, repo_root: str):
                     'hash': get_last_commit_hash(self.node_path(repo_root)),
                     'branch': get_branch(self.node_path(repo_root)),
                 },
-                'timestamp': datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc),
+                'timestamp': datetime.datetime.now(datetime.UTC),
             },
         )
 
diff --git a/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/buildable.py b/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/buildable.py
index eccb6b84..daf5ba49 100644
--- a/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/buildable.py
+++ b/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/buildable.py
@@ -6,12 +6,13 @@
 from core import i18n
 from core.builder.context.buildable import BuildableFileSystemTreeContext
 from core.builder.context.module import ContextModule
-from core.i18n import Locale
 from core.builder.renderer import ConstantsContext
-from .validators import NabojValidator
+from core.i18n import Locale
+
 from .base import ContextNaboj
-from .hierarchy import ContextCompetition, ContextVolume, ContextLanguage, ContextVenue
+from .hierarchy import ContextCompetition, ContextLanguage, ContextVenue, ContextVolume
 from .i18n import ContextI18nGlobal
+from .validators import NabojValidator
 
 
 class BuildableContextNaboj(BuildableFileSystemTreeContext, ContextNaboj, metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
diff --git a/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/hierarchy.py b/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/hierarchy.py
index 3cf46714..65092f38 100644
--- a/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/hierarchy.py
+++ b/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/hierarchy.py
@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 import datetime
 import itertools
 
-from enschema import Schema, And, Optional, Regex
+from enschema import And, Optional, Regex, Schema
 
 from core import i18n
+from core.builder.validator import String
 from core.utilities import lists
 from core.utilities.schema import valid_language, valid_language_name
-from core.builder.validator import String
+
 from .base import ContextNaboj
 
 
diff --git a/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/i18n.py b/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/i18n.py
index 52b9ef3b..ecf1244d 100644
--- a/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/i18n.py
+++ b/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/i18n.py
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-import yaml
 from pathlib import Path
-from enschema import Schema, Optional
+
+from enschema import Schema
 
 from core.builder.context.tree import FileSystemTreeContext
-from core.i18n import languages, Locale
+from core.i18n import Locale, languages
 
 
 class ContextI18n(FileSystemTreeContext):
diff --git a/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/validators.py b/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/validators.py
index cd6ac81e..ec7cf7df 100644
--- a/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/validators.py
+++ b/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/validators.py
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 import itertools
 
-from enschema import Schema, Regex, Optional
+from enschema import Optional, Regex, Schema
 from schema import Forbidden
 
+import core.utilities.colour as c
 from core import i18n
-from core.builder.validator import FileSystemValidator, File, Link, FileOrLink
+from core.builder.validator import File, FileOrLink, FileSystemValidator, Link
 from core.utilities.schema import valid_language
-import core.utilities.colour as c
 
 
 class NabojValidator(FileSystemValidator):
diff --git a/modules/naboj/builder/renderer.py b/modules/naboj/builder/renderer.py
index 98200291..f899d616 100755
--- a/modules/naboj/builder/renderer.py
+++ b/modules/naboj/builder/renderer.py
@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 import logging
-
 from abc import ABC
 
-
-from enschema import Schema, And, Or
+from enschema import And, Or, Schema
 
 from core.builder import renderer
 
diff --git a/modules/naboj/builder/venue.py b/modules/naboj/builder/venue.py
index cd26c375..730d2059 100644
--- a/modules/naboj/builder/venue.py
+++ b/modules/naboj/builder/venue.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Optional
 
-import core.builder.jinja as jinja
+from core.builder import jinja
 from modules.naboj.builder.builder import BuilderNaboj
 from modules.naboj.builder.contexts import BuildableContextVenue
 
@@ -32,7 +31,7 @@ def path(self) -> tuple:
     def language_path(self) -> tuple:
         return self.args.competition, f'{self.args.volume:02d}', 'languages', self.context.data['language']['id']
 
-    def build_templates(self, *, new_name: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+    def build_templates(self, *, new_name: str | None = None) -> None:
         super().build_templates(new_name=new_name)
         language_renderer = jinja.StaticRenderer(Path('/home/kvik/dgs/source/naboj') / Path(*self.language_path()))
 
diff --git a/modules/naboj/scripts/link.py b/modules/naboj/scripts/link.py
index 8b11df59..60488715 100755
--- a/modules/naboj/scripts/link.py
+++ b/modules/naboj/scripts/link.py
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 
 import argparse
-import argparsedirs
-import subprocess
-import os
 import glob
-
+import os
+import subprocess
 from pathlib import Path
 
+import argparsedirs
+
 from core import i18n
 
 
@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@ def ln(self, cwd, file, relative_target):
                 subprocess.run(["ln", "-s", relative_target, file], cwd=cwd, check=True)
             except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
                 print(f"Failed to create {relative_target} in {cwd}")
-                pass
 
 
 os.chdir('.')
diff --git a/modules/poetry/builder/builder.py b/modules/poetry/builder/builder.py
index cb0593a5..e6c010ec 100644
--- a/modules/poetry/builder/builder.py
+++ b/modules/poetry/builder/builder.py
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import sys
-import context
 
 sys.path.append('.')
 
diff --git a/modules/poetry/builder/context.py b/modules/poetry/builder/context.py
index 050346e7..98cde394 100644
--- a/modules/poetry/builder/context.py
+++ b/modules/poetry/builder/context.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-import os
 import sys
 from pathlib import Path
 
diff --git a/modules/scholar/builder/builder.py b/modules/scholar/builder/builder.py
index 92aa693a..75560e1c 100644
--- a/modules/scholar/builder/builder.py
+++ b/modules/scholar/builder/builder.py
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import abc
-from pathlib import Path
 
 from core.builder.builder import BaseBuilder
 from core.builder.jinja import StaticRenderer
diff --git a/modules/scholar/builder/context.py b/modules/scholar/builder/context.py
index 8b3a0557..a9a7c7d8 100644
--- a/modules/scholar/builder/context.py
+++ b/modules/scholar/builder/context.py
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import abc
-
 from pathlib import Path
 
 from core.builder.context import BuildableFileSystemTreeContext
diff --git a/modules/scholar/builder/contexts/__init__.py b/modules/scholar/builder/contexts/__init__.py
index ee6e139a..0c1a773d 100644
--- a/modules/scholar/builder/contexts/__init__.py
+++ b/modules/scholar/builder/contexts/__init__.py
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-from .homework import ContextHomework, HomeworkMixin
 from .handout import ContextHandout, HandoutMixin
+from .homework import ContextHomework, HomeworkMixin
diff --git a/modules/scholar/builder/contexts/buildable.py b/modules/scholar/builder/contexts/buildable.py
index 9f3c0ff9..10b52d3c 100644
--- a/modules/scholar/builder/contexts/buildable.py
+++ b/modules/scholar/builder/contexts/buildable.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 from abc import ABCMeta
 
-from core.builder.context import ContextModule, BuildableFileSystemTreeContext
+from core.builder.context import BuildableFileSystemTreeContext, ContextModule
+
 from .base import ContextScholar
 from .hierarchy import ContextCourse, ContextYear
 from .i18n import ContextI18n
diff --git a/modules/scholar/builder/contexts/handout.py b/modules/scholar/builder/contexts/handout.py
index 173d4876..c1097fcb 100644
--- a/modules/scholar/builder/contexts/handout.py
+++ b/modules/scholar/builder/contexts/handout.py
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 import datetime
-from enschema import Schema, And
 
-from .hierarchy import ContextIssue, ContextIssueSub
+from enschema import And, Schema
+
 from .buildable import ContextIssueBase
+from .hierarchy import ContextIssue, ContextIssueSub
 from .validators import HandoutValidator
 
 
diff --git a/modules/scholar/builder/contexts/hierarchy.py b/modules/scholar/builder/contexts/hierarchy.py
index 303040bd..2b8d1668 100644
--- a/modules/scholar/builder/contexts/hierarchy.py
+++ b/modules/scholar/builder/contexts/hierarchy.py
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 from abc import ABCMeta
-from enschema import And
 
-from .base import ContextScholar
+from enschema import And, Schema
 
-from enschema import Schema
 from core.utilities.schema import valid_language
 
+from .base import ContextScholar
+
 
 class ContextCourse(ContextScholar):
     _schema = Schema({
diff --git a/modules/scholar/builder/contexts/homework.py b/modules/scholar/builder/contexts/homework.py
index 0fc353ea..f9e6e08e 100644
--- a/modules/scholar/builder/contexts/homework.py
+++ b/modules/scholar/builder/contexts/homework.py
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 import datetime
-from enschema import Schema, And, Optional
 
-from .hierarchy import ContextIssue, ContextIssueSub, ContextIssueSubSub
+from enschema import And, Optional, Schema
+
 from .buildable import ContextIssueBase
+from .hierarchy import ContextIssue, ContextIssueSub, ContextIssueSubSub
 from .validators import HomeworkValidator
 
 
diff --git a/modules/scholar/builder/contexts/i18n.py b/modules/scholar/builder/contexts/i18n.py
index 0f7706fb..28f57215 100644
--- a/modules/scholar/builder/contexts/i18n.py
+++ b/modules/scholar/builder/contexts/i18n.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 from pathlib import Path
+
 from enschema import Schema
 
 from core.builder import context
diff --git a/modules/scholar/builder/contexts/validators.py b/modules/scholar/builder/contexts/validators.py
index 1b7fdb59..6a2b1b5a 100644
--- a/modules/scholar/builder/contexts/validators.py
+++ b/modules/scholar/builder/contexts/validators.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-from enschema import Schema, Optional, Regex
-
-from core.builder.validator import FileSystemValidator, File, FileOrLink
+from enschema import Optional, Regex, Schema
 
+from core.builder.validator import File, FileOrLink, FileSystemValidator
 
 data = Regex(r'[\w-]+\.(png|jpg|svg|gp|py|dat|tsv)')
 
diff --git a/modules/scholar/builder/renderer.py b/modules/scholar/builder/renderer.py
index b2ba070d..e4140b86 100755
--- a/modules/scholar/builder/renderer.py
+++ b/modules/scholar/builder/renderer.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 import logging
 
-from enschema import Schema, And
+from enschema import Schema
 
 from core.builder import renderer
 
diff --git a/modules/seminar/builder/context.py b/modules/seminar/builder/context.py
index 050ce05d..2e407c52 100644
--- a/modules/seminar/builder/context.py
+++ b/modules/seminar/builder/context.py
@@ -1,14 +1,16 @@
 import datetime
-
-from pathlib import Path
 from abc import ABCMeta
-from typing import Any
+from pathlib import Path
 
+from enschema import And, Optional, Or, Schema, Use
 from schema import Literal
-from enschema import Schema, Optional, Use, And, Or
 
+from core.builder.context import (
+    BuildableFileSystemTreeContext,
+    ContextModule,
+    FileSystemTreeContext,
+)
 from core.utilities.schema import valid_language
-from core.builder.context import FileSystemTreeContext, BuildableFileSystemTreeContext, ContextModule
 from modules.seminar.builder.validators import SeminarRoundValidator
 
 
diff --git a/modules/seminar/builder/renderer.py b/modules/seminar/builder/renderer.py
index e80286a0..cd105887 100755
--- a/modules/seminar/builder/renderer.py
+++ b/modules/seminar/builder/renderer.py
@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 import logging
-
 from abc import ABC
 
-from enschema import Schema, And, Optional, Or
+from enschema import And, Optional, Or, Schema
 from schema import Literal
 
 from core.builder import renderer
diff --git a/modules/seminar/builder/validators.py b/modules/seminar/builder/validators.py
index ec779360..d5d73a15 100644
--- a/modules/seminar/builder/validators.py
+++ b/modules/seminar/builder/validators.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-from enschema import Schema, Optional, Regex
+from enschema import Optional, Regex, Schema
 from schema import Forbidden
 
-from core.builder.validator import FileSystemValidator, File
+from core.builder.validator import File, FileSystemValidator
 
 
 class SeminarRoundValidator(FileSystemValidator):
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 5aaa5fcc..76f3e89b 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -21,5 +21,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [dependency-groups]
 dev = [
-    "pytest (>=9.0.1,<10.0.0)"
+    "flake8>=7.3.0",
+    "pytest (>=9.0.1,<10.0.0)",
+    "ruff>=0.16.0",
 ]
diff --git a/uv.lock b/uv.lock
index 72236bd3..aad5d400 100644
--- a/uv.lock
+++ b/uv.lock
@@ -53,7 +53,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [package.dev-dependencies]
 dev = [
+    { name = "flake8" },
     { name = "pytest" },
+    { name = "ruff" },
 ]
 
 [package.metadata]
@@ -73,7 +75,11 @@ requires-dist = [
 ]
 
 [package.metadata.requires-dev]
-dev = [{ name = "pytest", specifier = ">=9.0.1,<10.0.0" }]
+dev = [
+    { name = "flake8", specifier = ">=7.3.0" },
+    { name = "pytest", specifier = ">=9.0.1,<10.0.0" },
+    { name = "ruff", specifier = ">=0.16.0" },
+]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "dotmap"
@@ -96,6 +102,20 @@ wheels = [
     { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/26/9d/626df3356d0059ab1c283700560b871160d44a20787dd71246c771e7bb5a/enschema-0.1.5-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:e128802c2832fbd40db1b51feed83d6a3592573f73ef50332228bce2848b80d1", size = 2289, upload-time = "2023-12-09T18:11:29.148Z" },
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "flake8"
+version = "7.3.0"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+dependencies = [
+    { name = "mccabe" },
+    { name = "pycodestyle" },
+    { name = "pyflakes" },
+]
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/9b/af/fbfe3c4b5a657d79e5c47a2827a362f9e1b763336a52f926126aa6dc7123/flake8-7.3.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:fe044858146b9fc69b551a4b490d69cf960fcb78ad1edcb84e7fbb1b4a8e3872", size = 48326, upload-time = "2025-06-20T19:31:35.838Z" }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/9f/56/13ab06b4f93ca7cac71078fbe37fcea175d3216f31f85c3168a6bbd0bb9a/flake8-7.3.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:b9696257b9ce8beb888cdbe31cf885c90d31928fe202be0889a7cdafad32f01e", size = 57922, upload-time = "2025-06-20T19:31:34.425Z" },
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "flexcache"
 version = "0.3"
@@ -204,6 +224,15 @@ wheels = [
     { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/70/bc/6f1c2f612465f5fa89b95bead1f44dcb607670fd42891d8fdcd5d039f4f4/markupsafe-3.0.3-cp314-cp314t-win_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:32001d6a8fc98c8cb5c947787c5d08b0a50663d139f1305bac5885d98d9b40fa", size = 14146, upload-time = "2025-09-27T18:37:28.327Z" },
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "mccabe"
+version = "0.7.0"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/e7/ff/0ffefdcac38932a54d2b5eed4e0ba8a408f215002cd178ad1df0f2806ff8/mccabe-0.7.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:348e0240c33b60bbdf4e523192ef919f28cb2c3d7d5c7794f74009290f236325", size = 9658, upload-time = "2022-01-24T01:14:51.113Z" }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/27/1a/1f68f9ba0c207934b35b86a8ca3aad8395a3d6dd7921c0686e23853ff5a9/mccabe-0.7.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:6c2d30ab6be0e4a46919781807b4f0d834ebdd6c6e3dca0bda5a15f863427b6e", size = 7350, upload-time = "2022-01-24T01:14:49.62Z" },
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "numpy"
 version = "2.5.1"
@@ -321,6 +350,24 @@ wheels = [
     { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/54/20/4d324d65cc6d9205fabedc306948156824eb9f0ee1633355a8f7ec5c66bf/pluggy-1.6.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:e920276dd6813095e9377c0bc5566d94c932c33b27a3e3945d8389c374dd4746", size = 20538, upload-time = "2025-05-15T12:30:06.134Z" },
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "pycodestyle"
+version = "2.14.0"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/11/e0/abfd2a0d2efe47670df87f3e3a0e2edda42f055053c85361f19c0e2c1ca8/pycodestyle-2.14.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:c4b5b517d278089ff9d0abdec919cd97262a3367449ea1c8b49b91529167b783", size = 39472, upload-time = "2025-06-20T18:49:48.75Z" }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/d7/27/a58ddaf8c588a3ef080db9d0b7e0b97215cee3a45df74f3a94dbbf5c893a/pycodestyle-2.14.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:dd6bf7cb4ee77f8e016f9c8e74a35ddd9f67e1d5fd4184d86c3b98e07099f42d", size = 31594, upload-time = "2025-06-20T18:49:47.491Z" },
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "pyflakes"
+version = "3.4.0"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/45/dc/fd034dc20b4b264b3d015808458391acbf9df40b1e54750ef175d39180b1/pyflakes-3.4.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:b24f96fafb7d2ab0ec5075b7350b3d2d2218eab42003821c06344973d3ea2f58", size = 64669, upload-time = "2025-06-20T18:45:27.834Z" }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/c2/2f/81d580a0fb83baeb066698975cb14a618bdbed7720678566f1b046a95fe8/pyflakes-3.4.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:f742a7dbd0d9cb9ea41e9a24a918996e8170c799fa528688d40dd582c8265f4f", size = 63551, upload-time = "2025-06-20T18:45:26.937Z" },
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "pygments"
 version = "2.20.0"
@@ -480,6 +527,31 @@ wheels = [
     { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/1b/d3/3dae6a6ce46144940e64425e32b8573a393a009aeaf75fa6752a35399056/regex-2026.7.10-cp314-cp314t-win_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:749b92640e1970e881fdf22a411d74bf9d049b154f4ef7232eeb9a90dd8be7f3", size = 283377, upload-time = "2026-07-10T19:49:43.985Z" },
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "ruff"
+version = "0.16.0"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/4d/94/1e5e4967626faf12fa56999cd6222dff6992ceb086ad7945756baf70c7a7/ruff-0.16.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:e460aafd5495ec89efaa6ced2e4a9a581116451e1c88b9d37ef497e0f8e93982", size = 4790557, upload-time = "2026-07-23T19:11:30.981Z" }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/4b/81/1c8818fee7ce1a04cd7d1b3172e0a8f8e4f1dc4feb7fc390e16daa8af323/ruff-0.16.0-py3-none-linux_armv6l.whl", hash = "sha256:e5115729eb08c585e5121978ba5d5b60caeae394ce21b9fb5e6cd33a1c6c9b1e", size = 10754633, upload-time = "2026-07-23T19:10:46.415Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/23/df/beaf59c09d68db84304d555f188b276a77132a5d5b0b67a5c762aa143628/ruff-0.16.0-py3-none-macosx_10_12_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:3c954b1d580bfa035b41654f7858cc7e71d5fc3ac5b723dd62bd9133830ed522", size = 10969164, upload-time = "2026-07-23T19:10:50.271Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/42/ce/741cd197496a1abbf51352710fd15ed995d2a2be87189c1da26a450d6e83/ruff-0.16.0-py3-none-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:e01c21d10eb1b29f47b7454e1f4056db9a3f0260c646aa88457c610291db9f81", size = 10488846, upload-time = "2026-07-23T19:10:52.639Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/52/2a/a2db8e88cade358f5cdcb05674a917751074109315d014eb6352d9a893f7/ruff-0.16.0-py3-none-manylinux_2_17_aarch64.manylinux2014_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:6e364e5ed22ed8dc05082fd78e35308618260907ac2d3c1d637b2e682415b6c9", size = 10889729, upload-time = "2026-07-23T19:10:54.89Z" },
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+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/87/0b/05154977a8fd69eeb6c103271f55403bfd8711f5c0f8ed07489d95a504e7/ruff-0.16.0-py3-none-manylinux_2_17_ppc64le.manylinux2014_ppc64le.whl", hash = "sha256:0ff4a79ce3ec0172f3241943835de1c4cb4e2dcd07f0f8c2d02603dbbbee4b17", size = 12207008, upload-time = "2026-07-23T19:11:02.154Z" },
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+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "schema"
 version = "0.7.8"

From dca8bbc366de72855190867109ee84e4da92b4e2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2026 13:59:04 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 24/46] Update python-app.yml

---
 .github/workflows/python-app.yml | 3 ++-
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/python-app.yml b/.github/workflows/python-app.yml
index 1c66df5d..473c4ce0 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/python-app.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/python-app.yml
@@ -70,7 +70,8 @@ jobs:
         # stop the build if there are Python syntax errors or undefined names
         pipenv run flake8 . --count --select=E9,F63,F7,F82 --show-source --statistics
         # exit-zero treats all errors as warnings. The GitHub editor is 127 chars wide
-        pipenv run flake8 . --count --exit-zero --max-complexity=10 --max-line-length=127 --statistics
+        uv run flake8 . --count --exit-zero --max-complexity=10 --max-line-length=127 --statistics
+        uv run ruff
     - name: Test with pytest
       run: |
         pipenv run python -m pytest -s -v

From 58825fb7306b07d84412b2279369a3a14e430456 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2026 14:13:19 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 25/46] Claude converted the workflow file

---
 .github/workflows/python-app.yml | 18 +++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/python-app.yml b/.github/workflows/python-app.yml
index 473c4ce0..432aacd0 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/python-app.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/python-app.yml
@@ -22,15 +22,12 @@ jobs:
     - uses: siacodelabs/setup-pandoc@v1
       with:
           xelatex: true
-    - name: Set up Python 3.13
-      uses: actions/setup-python@v3
+    - name: Set up uv
+      uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
       with:
-        python-version: "3.13"
+        python-version: "3.14"
     - name: Install dependencies
-      run: |
-        python -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        pip install pipenv
-        pipenv install --dev
+      run: uv sync --dev
     - name: "Install utilities"
       uses: awalsh128/cache-apt-pkgs-action@latest
       with:
@@ -68,13 +65,16 @@ jobs:
     - name: Lint with flake8
       run: |
         # stop the build if there are Python syntax errors or undefined names
-        pipenv run flake8 . --count --select=E9,F63,F7,F82 --show-source --statistics
+        uv run flake8 . --count --select=E9,F63,F7,F82 --show-source --statistics
         # exit-zero treats all errors as warnings. The GitHub editor is 127 chars wide
         uv run flake8 . --count --exit-zero --max-complexity=10 --max-line-length=127 --statistics
+<<<<<<< HEAD
         uv run ruff
+=======
+>>>>>>> 81ed38c (Claude converted the workflow file)
     - name: Test with pytest
       run: |
-        pipenv run python -m pytest -s -v
+        uv run python -m pytest -s -v
     - name: "Clone testing repository"
       uses: actions/checkout@master
       with:

From 4baf80d074d7dc6f0ed4e28c65b16c560cf99749 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2026 14:16:54 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 26/46] Fixed uv action

---
 .github/workflows/python-app.yml | 8 +++-----
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/python-app.yml b/.github/workflows/python-app.yml
index 432aacd0..00d39671 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/python-app.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/python-app.yml
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ jobs:
       with:
           xelatex: true
     - name: Set up uv
-      uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+      uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v9
       with:
         python-version: "3.14"
     - name: Install dependencies
@@ -68,10 +68,8 @@ jobs:
         uv run flake8 . --count --select=E9,F63,F7,F82 --show-source --statistics
         # exit-zero treats all errors as warnings. The GitHub editor is 127 chars wide
         uv run flake8 . --count --exit-zero --max-complexity=10 --max-line-length=127 --statistics
-<<<<<<< HEAD
-        uv run ruff
-=======
->>>>>>> 81ed38c (Claude converted the workflow file)
+    - name: Lint with ruff
+      run: uv run ruff check .
     - name: Test with pytest
       run: |
         uv run python -m pytest -s -v

From d60cc0f9444231dbcd3704e119ca4aa8cfe60b2c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2026 14:18:07 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 27/46] Removed v9

---
 .github/workflows/python-app.yml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/python-app.yml b/.github/workflows/python-app.yml
index 00d39671..7ca23194 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/python-app.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/python-app.yml
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ jobs:
       with:
           xelatex: true
     - name: Set up uv
-      uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v9
+      uses: astral-sh/setup-uv
       with:
         python-version: "3.14"
     - name: Install dependencies

From 3f705ec930f738e7353c42dc33967ae066f30f9b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2026 14:19:01 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 28/46] Maybe like this

---
 .github/workflows/python-app.yml | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/python-app.yml b/.github/workflows/python-app.yml
index 7ca23194..254e180a 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/python-app.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/python-app.yml
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ jobs:
     - uses: siacodelabs/setup-pandoc@v1
       with:
           xelatex: true
-    - name: Set up uv
-      uses: astral-sh/setup-uv
+    - name: astral-sh/setup-uv
+      uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v9.0.0
       with:
         python-version: "3.14"
     - name: Install dependencies

From a82ab2a78c75cc15ef143c10ddcae9f9d2f40fa6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2026 15:00:58 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 29/46] Fixed Ohm

---
 core/i18n/default.yaml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/core/i18n/default.yaml b/core/i18n/default.yaml
index 8ccba66d..cf447b45 100644
--- a/core/i18n/default.yaml
+++ b/core/i18n/default.yaml
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ siunitx:
     lumen: 'lm'
     lux: 'lx'
     newton: 'N'
-    ohm: '\\Omega'
+    ohm: 'Ω'
     pascal: 'Pa'
     radian: 'rad'
     siemens: 'Si'

From 39ceec86460df002250972b9a2271f85660248b1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2026 15:09:58 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 30/46] Removed flake8

---
 .github/workflows/python-app.yml | 12 ++++++------
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/python-app.yml b/.github/workflows/python-app.yml
index 254e180a..9a4961c1 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/python-app.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/python-app.yml
@@ -62,12 +62,12 @@ jobs:
         TEXHOME=`kpsewhich -var-value=TEXMFHOME`
         mkdir -p $TEXHOME/tex/latex/
         ln -s $PWD/core/latex/dgs.cls $TEXHOME/tex/latex/dgs.cls
-    - name: Lint with flake8
-      run: |
-        # stop the build if there are Python syntax errors or undefined names
-        uv run flake8 . --count --select=E9,F63,F7,F82 --show-source --statistics
-        # exit-zero treats all errors as warnings. The GitHub editor is 127 chars wide
-        uv run flake8 . --count --exit-zero --max-complexity=10 --max-line-length=127 --statistics
+    #- name: Lint with flake8
+    #  run: |
+    #    # stop the build if there are Python syntax errors or undefined names
+    #    uv run flake8 . --count --select=E9,F63,F7,F82 --show-source --statistics
+    #    # exit-zero treats all errors as warnings. The GitHub editor is 127 chars wide
+    #    uv run flake8 . --count --exit-zero --max-complexity=10 --max-line-length=127 --statistics
     - name: Lint with ruff
       run: uv run ruff check .
     - name: Test with pytest

From 11f4e0e6da4eb6b140203760db47ce1f2eb01846 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2026 15:24:49 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 31/46] Removed ruff too

---
 .github/workflows/python-app.yml | 8 --------
 1 file changed, 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/python-app.yml b/.github/workflows/python-app.yml
index 9a4961c1..e61df9b0 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/python-app.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/python-app.yml
@@ -62,14 +62,6 @@ jobs:
         TEXHOME=`kpsewhich -var-value=TEXMFHOME`
         mkdir -p $TEXHOME/tex/latex/
         ln -s $PWD/core/latex/dgs.cls $TEXHOME/tex/latex/dgs.cls
-    #- name: Lint with flake8
-    #  run: |
-    #    # stop the build if there are Python syntax errors or undefined names
-    #    uv run flake8 . --count --select=E9,F63,F7,F82 --show-source --statistics
-    #    # exit-zero treats all errors as warnings. The GitHub editor is 127 chars wide
-    #    uv run flake8 . --count --exit-zero --max-complexity=10 --max-line-length=127 --statistics
-    - name: Lint with ruff
-      run: uv run ruff check .
     - name: Test with pytest
       run: |
         uv run python -m pytest -s -v

From de8f5f7e55de5154909b908600c44154e303ea09 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 2026 16:11:06 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 32/46] Ruffed completely

---
 core/builder/builder.py                      |  4 +-
 core/builder/context/context.py              |  8 ++--
 core/builder/context/quantities/constant.py  |  8 ++--
 core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py  | 17 ++++++--
 core/builder/context/tree.py                 |  4 +-
 core/builder/i18n.py                         |  2 +-
 core/builder/jinja.py                        |  4 +-
 core/builder/renderer.py                     |  2 +-
 core/builder/validator.py                    |  4 +-
 core/filters/latex.py                        |  4 +-
 core/filters/numbers.py                      |  8 ++--
 core/i18n/__init__.py                        |  2 +-
 core/markdown-check.py                       |  8 ++--
 core/mdcheck/check.py                        |  2 +-
 core/tests/test_context.py                   |  4 +-
 core/tests/test_filters.py                   | 12 +++---
 core/tests/test_lists.py                     | 42 ++++++++++----------
 core/utilities/schema.py                     |  2 +-
 modules/naboj/builder/contexts/base.py       |  2 +-
 modules/naboj/builder/contexts/hierarchy.py  |  2 +-
 modules/naboj/builder/contexts/validators.py |  8 ++--
 modules/naboj/scripts/link.py                |  2 +-
 22 files changed, 81 insertions(+), 70 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/builder/builder.py b/core/builder/builder.py
index cf9f85fc..ed9fb298 100644
--- a/core/builder/builder.py
+++ b/core/builder/builder.py
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ class BaseBuilder(metaclass=ABCMeta):
 
     def __init__(self,
                  *,
-                 suffix_map: dict[str, str] = None):
+                 suffix_map: dict[str, str] | None = None):
         """
         suffix_map: translates template suffixes to rendered template suffixes
                     and also provides defaults for dgs
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ def output_path(self, template_name, *, override_name=None) -> Path:
             raise ValueError(f"Unknown template suffix {path.suffix}, {self.__class__.__name__} "
                              f"only supports {', '.join(self.suffix_map.keys())}")
 
-    def build_templates(self, *, new_name: str = None) -> None:
+    def build_templates(self, *, new_name: str | None = None) -> None:
         """
         Build all templates for this builder.
         """
diff --git a/core/builder/context/context.py b/core/builder/context/context.py
index 7123eb00..608dea3d 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/context.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/context.py
@@ -60,9 +60,9 @@ def load_yaml(self, path: Path):
             with open(path, 'r') as f:
                 contents = yaml.load(f, Loader=yaml.SafeLoader)
             self._data = {} if contents is None else contents
-        except FileNotFoundError as e:
+        except FileNotFoundError:
             log.critical(c.err(f"[FATAL] Could not load YAML file {c.path(path)}"))
-            raise e
+            raise
 
         return self
 
@@ -83,13 +83,13 @@ def validate(self) -> None:
             try:
                 self._data = self._schema.validate(self.data)
                 log.debug(f"Context {c.name(self.__class__.__name__)} was {c.ok('validated')}")
-            except SchemaError as exc:
+            except SchemaError:
                 log.error(f"{c.err('[FATAL] Failed to validate')} {c.name(self.__class__.__name__)} "
                           f"{c.path(self.id)}")
                 pprint.pprint(self.data)
                 log.error(f"against {self.__class__.__qualname__}")
                 pprint.pprint(self.schema.schema)
-                raise exc
+                raise
 
     def add(self, **kwargs):
         """
diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/constant.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/constant.py
index ba94f200..60edc3f3 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/constant.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/constant.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ def construct(name, **kwargs):
         unit = kwargs.pop('unit', '1')
         return PhysicsConstant(name, u.Quantity(magnitude, unit), **kwargs)
 
-    def format(self, fmt: str = None):
+    def format(self, fmt: str | None = None):
         if self.force_f:
             fmt = f'.{self.digits}f'
         elif fmt is None:
@@ -39,16 +39,16 @@ def approx(self):
         """
         return self.approximate(self.digits)
 
-    def _full(self, kind: str, precision: int = None) -> str:
+    def _full(self, kind: str, precision: int | None = None) -> str:
         if precision is None:
             precision = self.digits
         return f'{self:.{precision}{kind}}'
 
-    def fullf(self, precision: int = None) -> str:
+    def fullf(self, precision: int | None = None) -> str:
         """ Full, with f formatting """
         return self._full('f', precision)
 
-    def fullg(self, precision: int = None) -> str:
+    def fullg(self, precision: int | None = None) -> str:
         """ Full, with g formatting """
         return self._full('g', precision)
 
diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
index cbe2c129..9980c8b7 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ class PhysicsQuantity:
     def __init__(self,
                  quantity: pint.Quantity | float,
                  *,
-                 symbol: str = None,
-                 si_extra: dict[str, str] = None,
+                 symbol: str | None = None,
+                 si_extra: dict[str, str] | None = None,
                  force_f: bool = False):
         if isinstance(quantity, pint.Quantity):
             self._quantity = quantity
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ def construct(magnitude, unit, **kwargs):
     def _binop(self, other, op: Callable[[Self, Self | numbers.Number | u.Quantity], Any]) -> Self:
         if isinstance(other, PhysicsQuantity):
             return PhysicsQuantity(op(self._quantity, other._quantity))
-        elif isinstance(other, numbers.Number) or isinstance(other, pint.registry.Quantity):
+        elif isinstance(other, (numbers.Number, pint.registry.Quantity)):
             return PhysicsQuantity(op(self._quantity, other))
         else:
             raise TypeError(f"Cannot perform {op} with {type(other)} ({other})")
@@ -140,11 +140,22 @@ def symbol(self):
         """ Return the internal symbol. """
         return self._symbol
 
+    @symbol.setter
+    def symbol(self, value: str | None):
+        self._symbol = value
+
     @property
     def sym(self):
         """ Return the internal symbol (shorthand). """
         return self._symbol
 
+    @sym.setter
+    def sym(self, value: str | None):
+        self._symbol = value
+
+    def alias(self, symbol: str | None) -> "PhysicsQuantity":
+        return PhysicsQuantity(self._quantity, symbol=symbol, si_extra=self.si_extra, force_f=self.force_f)
+
     def to(self, what):
         return PhysicsQuantity(self._quantity.to(what), symbol=self._symbol, si_extra=self.si_extra)
 
diff --git a/core/builder/context/tree.py b/core/builder/context/tree.py
index 1a6edfe4..c5d46e9a 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/tree.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/tree.py
@@ -48,10 +48,10 @@ def validate_repo(self, *path: str) -> None:
                 self._validator_class(root).validate()
                 log.info(f"File system structure at {c.path(root)} was successfully validated "
                          f"with {c.name(self._validator_class.__name__)}")
-            except (SchemaError, SchemaMissingKeyError) as e:
+            except (SchemaError, SchemaMissingKeyError):
                 log.critical(f"File system structure at {c.path(root)} {c.err('failed')} to validate against "
                              f"{c.name(self._validator_class.__name__)}")
-                raise e
+                raise
 
 
     def load_meta(self, *path):
diff --git a/core/builder/i18n.py b/core/builder/i18n.py
index a10c87d9..d7590437 100644
--- a/core/builder/i18n.py
+++ b/core/builder/i18n.py
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ def ident(self) -> tuple:
     def path(self) -> tuple:
         return self.ident()
 
-    def build_templates(self, *, new_name: str = None):
+    def build_templates(self, *, new_name: str | None = None):
         super().build_templates(new_name=self.args.language)
 
 
diff --git a/core/builder/jinja.py b/core/builder/jinja.py
index 4c8310c2..df3d5f2f 100644
--- a/core/builder/jinja.py
+++ b/core/builder/jinja.py
@@ -151,10 +151,10 @@ def _render(self,
             return self.env.get_template(template.name).render(**context)
         except jinja2.exceptions.UndefinedError as e:
             log.critical(f"Missing required variable from context in {c.path(template.name)}: {c.err(e)}")
-            raise e
+            raise
         except jinja2.exceptions.TemplateSyntaxError as e:
             log.critical(f"Template syntax error in {c.path(template.name)}: {c.err(e)}")
-            raise e
+            raise
         # Other exceptions are deferred to the base class
 
 
diff --git a/core/builder/renderer.py b/core/builder/renderer.py
index a6e253d0..c11cb9bb 100755
--- a/core/builder/renderer.py
+++ b/core/builder/renderer.py
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ def build_context(self) -> Context:
                 if isinstance(params, dict):
                     symbol = params.pop('symbol', key)
                     values[key] = PhysicsConstant.construct(key, symbol=symbol, **params)
-                elif isinstance(params, str) or isinstance(params, numbers.Number):
+                elif isinstance(params, (str, numbers.Number)):
                     values[key] = params
                 else:
                     raise TypeError(f"Unsupported type {type(params)} ({params})")
diff --git a/core/builder/validator.py b/core/builder/validator.py
index 9ce76309..fac058ee 100644
--- a/core/builder/validator.py
+++ b/core/builder/validator.py
@@ -52,11 +52,11 @@ def validate(self) -> None:
         try:
             self.schema.validate(self.tree)
             self.perform_extra_checks()
-        except SchemaError as e:
+        except SchemaError:
             log.error("Could not validate file system tree")
             pprint.pprint(self.tree)
             log.error(f"against schema\n{self.schema}")
-            raise e
+            raise
 
     def perform_extra_checks(self) -> None:
         """
diff --git a/core/filters/latex.py b/core/filters/latex.py
index 4bad6526..394e1447 100644
--- a/core/filters/latex.py
+++ b/core/filters/latex.py
@@ -77,11 +77,11 @@ def process_people(people: list[dict[str, str]] | dict[str, str]) -> list[dict[s
     """
     Schema(Or([Or(str, {'name': str, 'gender': str})], Or(str, {'name': str, 'gender': str}), str)).validate(people)
     if isinstance(people, str):
-        return [dict(name=people, gender='?')]
+        return [{'name': people, 'gender': '?'}]
     if isinstance(people, dict):
         return [people]
     elif isinstance(people, list):
-        return [dict(name=person, gender='?') if isinstance(person, str) else person for person in people]
+        return [{'name': person, 'gender': '?'} if isinstance(person, str) else person for person in people]
     else:
         raise TypeError(f"Invalid people type: {type(people)}")
 
diff --git a/core/filters/numbers.py b/core/filters/numbers.py
index 994b6b25..1b0c12cf 100644
--- a/core/filters/numbers.py
+++ b/core/filters/numbers.py
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def nth(x: int) -> str:
     return f"{x}{_nth(x)}"
 
 
-def format_float(x: float, precision: int = None):
+def format_float(x: float, precision: int | None = None):
     if precision is None:
         fmt = 'f'
     else:
@@ -54,14 +54,14 @@ def format_float(x: float, precision: int = None):
 
     if isinstance(x, numbers.Number):
         printed = rf"{x:{fmt}}"
-    elif isinstance(x, PhysicsQuantity) or isinstance(x, QuantityRange) or isinstance(x, QuantityList):
+    elif isinstance(x, (PhysicsQuantity, QuantityRange, QuantityList)):
         printed = x.__format__(fmt)
     else:
         raise TypeError(f"Cannot handle type {type(x)} ({x})")
 
     return cut_extra_one(printed)
 
-def format_general(x: float, precision: int = None):
+def format_general(x: float, precision: int | None = None):
     """
     Format a float in the exponential form
     """
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ def format_general(x: float, precision: int = None):
 
     if isinstance(x, numbers.Number):
         printed = rf"{x:{fmt}}"
-    elif isinstance(x, PhysicsQuantity) or isinstance(x, QuantityRange) or isinstance(x, QuantityList):
+    elif isinstance(x, (PhysicsQuantity, QuantityRange, QuantityList)):
         printed = x.__format__(fmt)
     else:
         raise TypeError(f"Cannot handle type {type(x)} ({x})")
diff --git a/core/i18n/__init__.py b/core/i18n/__init__.py
index c2ac844c..a1b9d901 100644
--- a/core/i18n/__init__.py
+++ b/core/i18n/__init__.py
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ def __init__(self, code, **data):
         except SchemaMissingKeyError as exc:
             pprint.pprint(self.data)
             print(exc)
-            raise exc
+            raise
 
     @staticmethod
     def load_yaml(defaults: dict[str, Any], file: TextIO) -> Opt['Locale']:
diff --git a/core/markdown-check.py b/core/markdown-check.py
index e60d0047..e7863a2d 100755
--- a/core/markdown-check.py
+++ b/core/markdown-check.py
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ def check(self):
 
     def check_label(self, module, path, label):
         if module == 'naboj':
-            volume_id, problem_id, language, filename = path.parts()[-4:-1]
+            volume_id, problem_id, _language, _filename = path.parts()[-4:-1]
             # if matched := re.match(fr'#(eq|fig|tbl):(?P<problem>[]):[\w]+', label):
         elif module == 'seminar':
             volume_id, semester_id, round_id, problem_id = path.split[2:5]
@@ -132,11 +132,11 @@ def check_markdown_file(self, path):
         with open(path, 'r') as file:
             ok = None
             for number, line in enumerate(file):
-                ok = all([self.check_line(checker, module, path, number, line) for checker in line_errors.values()])
+                ok = all(self.check_line(checker, module, path, number, line) for checker in line_errors.values())
 
                 if self.args.warnings:
-                    ok &= all([self.check_line(checker, module, path, number, line, cfunc=c.warn)
-                               for checker in self.line_warnings.values()])
+                    ok &= all(self.check_line(checker, module, path, number, line, cfunc=c.warn)
+                               for checker in self.line_warnings.values())
 
             if self.args.verbose and ok:
                 print(f"File {c.path(file.name)} {c.ok('OK')}")
diff --git a/core/mdcheck/check.py b/core/mdcheck/check.py
index d4f28e35..f8c5704a 100644
--- a/core/mdcheck/check.py
+++ b/core/mdcheck/check.py
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ def check(self, module, path, line):
         # Only process lines that can be identified as references"
         if match := self.re_reference.search(line):
             log.debug(f"Found reference label {line}")
-            kind = match.group('kind')
+            match.group('kind')
             sub = match.group('sub')
             match module:
                 case 'seminar':
diff --git a/core/tests/test_context.py b/core/tests/test_context.py
index 720445bc..8c9ee9ef 100644
--- a/core/tests/test_context.py
+++ b/core/tests/test_context.py
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ def test_adopt_new(self, context_override):
         assert context_override.data['fks']['nothing'] == 'Nina'
 
     def test_adopt_full(self, context_override):
-        assert context_override.data == dict(fks=dict(boss='Marcel', pictures='KatkaN', htr='Kvík', nothing='Nina'))
+        assert context_override.data == {'fks': {'boss': 'Marcel', 'pictures': 'KatkaN', 'htr': 'Kvík', 'nothing': 'Nina'}}
 
     def test_add_id(self, context_defaults):
         context_defaults.add_id(4)
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ def test_add_number_override(self, context_defaults):
 
     def test_add(self, context_defaults, context_two):
         context_defaults |= context_two
-        assert context_defaults.data == dict(foo='hotel', baz=5, qux=7)
+        assert context_defaults.data == {'foo': 'hotel', 'baz': 5, 'qux': 7}
 
     def test_ior(self):
         first = Context('fks', boss='Matúš', coffee='Nina')
diff --git a/core/tests/test_filters.py b/core/tests/test_filters.py
index 41228d42..572dd838 100644
--- a/core/tests/test_filters.py
+++ b/core/tests/test_filters.py
@@ -130,19 +130,19 @@ def test_many_strings(self):
     def test_invalid_gender(self):
         """ This fails: unknown gender """
         with pytest.raises(ValueError):
-            format_gender_suffix(dict(name='Melody', gender='x'))
+            format_gender_suffix({'name': 'Melody', 'gender': 'x'})
 
     def test_single_dict_m(self):
-        assert format_gender_suffix(dict(name="Adam", gender='m')) == ''
+        assert format_gender_suffix({'name': "Adam", 'gender': 'm'}) == ''
 
     def test_single_dict_n(self):
-        assert format_gender_suffix(dict(name="Kaj", gender='n')) == 'o'
+        assert format_gender_suffix({'name': "Kaj", 'gender': 'n'}) == 'o'
 
     def test_single_dict_f(self):
-        assert format_gender_suffix(dict(name="Viki", gender='f')) == 'a'
+        assert format_gender_suffix({'name': "Viki", 'gender': 'f'}) == 'a'
 
     def test_multi_dict(self):
-        assert format_gender_suffix([dict(name="Majo", gender='m'), dict(name="Nina", gender="f")]) == 'i'
+        assert format_gender_suffix([{'name': "Majo", 'gender': 'm'}, {'name': "Nina", 'gender': "f"}]) == 'i'
 
     def test_multi_dict_str(self):
         assert format_gender_suffix(["Krto", "Zahradník", "Marcel"]) == 'i'
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ def test_string_many(self):
         assert format_people(['Mözög', 'pipka', 'pipka', 'pipka']) == 'Mözög, pipka, pipka a pipka'
 
     def test_single_dict(self):
-        assert format_people(dict(name='Adam', gender='m')) == 'Adam'
+        assert format_people({'name': 'Adam', 'gender': 'm'}) == 'Adam'
 
     def test_single_dict_list(self):
         assert format_people([{'name': 'Jaro', 'gender': 'm'}]) == 'Jaro'
diff --git a/core/tests/test_lists.py b/core/tests/test_lists.py
index 54e6dd70..202abe4b 100644
--- a/core/tests/test_lists.py
+++ b/core/tests/test_lists.py
@@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ def shopping_list():
 @pytest.fixture
 def folk_heroes():
     return [
-        dict(language="sk", name="Juraj Jánošík"),
-        dict(language="cs", name="Krakonoš"),
-        dict(language="hu", name="Rózsa Sándor"),
+        {"language": "sk", "name": "Juraj Jánošík"},
+        {"language": "cs", "name": "Krakonoš"},
+        {"language": "hu", "name": "Rózsa Sándor"},
     ]
 
 @pytest.fixture
@@ -90,44 +90,44 @@ def test_split_callback_low_count(self):
 class TestAdornments:
     def test_add_numbers(self, shopping_list):
         assert add_numbers(shopping_list) == [
-            dict(number=0, id="Javelin"),
-            dict(number=1, id="HIMARS"),
-            dict(number=2, id="ATACMS"),
+            {"number": 0, "id": "Javelin"},
+            {"number": 1, "id": "HIMARS"},
+            {"number": 2, "id": "ATACMS"},
         ]
 
     def test_add_numbers_start(self, shopping_list):
         assert add_numbers(shopping_list, itertools.count(4, 1)) == [
-            dict(number=4, id="Javelin"),
-            dict(number=5, id="HIMARS"),
-            dict(number=6, id="ATACMS"),
+            {"number": 4, "id": "Javelin"},
+            {"number": 5, "id": "HIMARS"},
+            {"number": 6, "id": "ATACMS"},
         ]
 
     def test_add_primes(self, shopping_list, primes):
         assert add_numbers(shopping_list, primes()) == [
-            dict(number=2, id="Javelin"),
-            dict(number=3, id="HIMARS"),
-            dict(number=5, id="ATACMS"),
+            {"number": 2, "id": "Javelin"},
+            {"number": 3, "id": "HIMARS"},
+            {"number": 5, "id": "ATACMS"},
         ]
 
     def test_add_numbers_dictlist(self, folk_heroes):
         assert add_numbers(folk_heroes, itertools.count(4, 1)) == [
-            dict(number=4, id=dict(language="sk", name="Juraj Jánošík")),
-            dict(number=5, id=dict(language="cs", name="Krakonoš")),
-            dict(number=6, id=dict(language="hu", name="Rózsa Sándor")),
+            {"number": 4, "id": {"language": "sk", "name": "Juraj Jánošík"}},
+            {"number": 5, "id": {"language": "cs", "name": "Krakonoš"}},
+            {"number": 6, "id": {"language": "hu", "name": "Rózsa Sándor"}},
         ]
 
     def test_numerate(self, folk_heroes):
         assert numerate(folk_heroes) == [
-            dict(number=0, language="sk", name="Juraj Jánošík"),
-            dict(number=1, language="cs", name="Krakonoš"),
-            dict(number=2, language="hu", name="Rózsa Sándor"),
+            {"number": 0, "language": "sk", "name": "Juraj Jánošík"},
+            {"number": 1, "language": "cs", "name": "Krakonoš"},
+            {"number": 2, "language": "hu", "name": "Rózsa Sándor"},
         ]
 
     def test_numerate_primes(self, folk_heroes, fibonacci):
         assert numerate(folk_heroes, itertools.islice(fibonacci(), 5, None)) == [
-            dict(number=5, language="sk", name="Juraj Jánošík"),
-            dict(number=8, language="cs", name="Krakonoš"),
-            dict(number=13, language="hu", name="Rózsa Sándor"),
+            {"number": 5, "language": "sk", "name": "Juraj Jánošík"},
+            {"number": 8, "language": "cs", "name": "Krakonoš"},
+            {"number": 13, "language": "hu", "name": "Rózsa Sándor"},
         ]
 
     def test_numerate_error(self, shopping_list):
diff --git a/core/utilities/schema.py b/core/utilities/schema.py
index a3bc4f01..485da476 100644
--- a/core/utilities/schema.py
+++ b/core/utilities/schema.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 
 def valid_language(code: str) -> bool:
-    return code in i18n.languages.keys()
+    return code in i18n.languages
 
 
 def valid_language_name(name: str) -> bool:
diff --git a/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/base.py b/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/base.py
index c7603918..9ba3d4c7 100644
--- a/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/base.py
+++ b/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/base.py
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ def populate(self, repo_root: str):
             },
         )
 
-    def as_tuple(self, competition: str = None, volume: int = None, sub: str = None, issue: str = None):
+    def as_tuple(self, competition: str | None = None, volume: int | None = None, sub: str | None = None, issue: str | None = None):
         assert competition in ContextNaboj.competitions
 
         result = []
diff --git a/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/hierarchy.py b/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/hierarchy.py
index 65092f38..66da3766 100644
--- a/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/hierarchy.py
+++ b/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/hierarchy.py
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ class ContextVenue(ContextNaboj):
 
     def populate(self, competition, volume, venue):
         super().populate(competition)
-        comp = ContextCompetition(self.root, competition)
+        ContextCompetition(self.root, competition)
         vol = ContextVolume(self.root, competition, volume)
         self.load_meta(competition, volume, venue) \
             .add_id(venue)
diff --git a/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/validators.py b/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/validators.py
index ec7cf7df..9adeabfe 100644
--- a/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/validators.py
+++ b/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/validators.py
@@ -74,17 +74,17 @@ def _colour(what):
     def _check_same_translations(self) -> None:
         if self.tree['problems']:
             for (pid1, problem1), (pid2, problem2) in itertools.pairwise(self.tree['problems'].items()):
-                translations1 = [x for x in problem1.keys() if x in i18n.languages.keys()]
-                translations2 = [x for x in problem2.keys() if x in i18n.languages.keys()]
+                translations1 = [x for x in problem1 if x in i18n.languages]
+                translations2 = [x for x in problem2 if x in i18n.languages]
                 if translations1 != translations2:
                     print(f"Warning: problem {pid1} has translations {translations1} "
                           f"and {pid2} has translations {translations2}")
 
     def _check_presence(self, filename, *, optional: bool = False):
         for problem_id, problem in sorted(self.tree['problems'].items()):
-            translations = [x for x in problem.keys() if x in i18n.languages.keys()]
+            translations = [x for x in problem if x in i18n.languages]
             is_present = {
-                trans: problem[trans][filename] if filename in problem[trans] else None for trans in translations
+                trans: problem[trans].get(filename, None) for trans in translations
             }
 
             lp = len([x for x, y in is_present.items() if y])
diff --git a/modules/naboj/scripts/link.py b/modules/naboj/scripts/link.py
index 60488715..bb0fdeee 100755
--- a/modules/naboj/scripts/link.py
+++ b/modules/naboj/scripts/link.py
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ def link(self):
         files = glob.glob(f"**/{self.args.from_lang}/problem.md", root_dir=self.path, recursive=True)
 
         for f in files:
-            problem_id, _, filename = tuple(f.split('/'))
+            problem_id, _, _filename = tuple(f.split('/'))
 
             if self.args.problems:
                 self.call_ln(problem_id, 'problem.md')

From 576679e9448944649205d50ec4e81ed4f23e50be Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Mon, 27 Jul 2026 12:36:05 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 33/46] Hotfixes

---
 core/builder/convertor.py |   4 +-
 core/data/constants.yaml  | 242 +++++++++++++++++++-------------------
 modules/naboj/module.mk   |   1 -
 3 files changed, 126 insertions(+), 121 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/builder/convertor.py b/core/builder/convertor.py
index d492cb1a..ec87a155 100644
--- a/core/builder/convertor.py
+++ b/core/builder/convertor.py
@@ -221,13 +221,13 @@ def call_pandoc(self):
 
         self.file.seek(0)
         args = [
-            "./external/pandoc",
+            "pandoc",
             "--metadata", f"lang={self.locale.id}",
             "-V", "csquotes=true",
             "--from", "markdown+smart",
             "--pdf-engine", "xelatex",
             "--to", self.output_format,
-            "--filter", "./external/pandoc-crossref",
+            "--filter", "pandoc-crossref",
             "-M", f"crossrefYaml=build/core/i18n/{self.locale_code}.yaml",
             #"--filter", "pandoc-include",
             "-M", f"include-entry={Path(self.infile.name).parent}/",
diff --git a/core/data/constants.yaml b/core/data/constants.yaml
index cd001d9e..904e92f4 100644
--- a/core/data/constants.yaml
+++ b/core/data/constants.yaml
@@ -11,408 +11,414 @@
 
 ### Fundamental
 planck:
-    symbol:     "h"
+    symbol:     'h'
     aliases:    ['h']
     magnitude:  6.62607015e-34
     exact:      true
-    unit:       "joule second"
+    unit:       'joule second'
     digits:     4
 
 planck_bar:
-    symbol:     "\\hbar"
+    symbol:     '\hbar'
     aliases:    ['hbar']
     magnitude:  1.054571817e-34
     exact:      true
-    unit:       "joule second"
+    unit:       'joule second'
     digits:     4
 
 speed_light:
-    symbol:     "c"
+    symbol:     'c'
     aliases:    ['c']
     magnitude:  299792458
     exact:      true
-    unit:       "metre / second"
+    unit:       'metre / second'
     digits:     1
 
 gravity:
-    symbol:     "G"
+    symbol:     'G'
     aliases:    ['G']
     magnitude:  6.67430e-11
-    unit:       "kg^(-1) m^3 s^(-2)"
+    unit:       'kg^(-1) m^3 s^(-2)'
     digits:     3
 
 ### Imperial
 inch:
-    symbol:     "\\mathrm{in}"
+    symbol:     '\mathrm{in}'
     magnitude:  0.0254
     exact:      true
-    unit:       "metre"
+    unit:       'metre'
     digits:     3
 
 foot:
-    symbol:     "\\mathrm{ft}"
+    symbol:     '\mathrm{ft}'
     aliases:    ['ft']
     magnitude:  0.3048
     exact:      true
-    unit:       "metre"
+    unit:       'metre'
     digits:     4
 
 mile:
-    symbol:     "\\mathrm{mi}"
+    symbol:     '\mathrm{mi}'
     magnitude:  1609.344
-    unit:       "metre"
+    unit:       'metre'
     exact:      true
     digits:     2
 
 us_pint:
-    symbol:     "\\mathrm{pt}"
+    symbol:     '\mathrm{pt}'
     magnitude:  473.176473
-    unit:       "millilitre"
+    unit:       'millilitre'
     digits:     3
 
 ounce:
-    symbol:     "oz"
+    symbol:     'oz'
     magnitude:  28.349523125
-    unit:       "gram"
+    unit:       'gram'
     digits:     4
 
 troy_ounce:
-    symbol:     "oz t"
+    symbol:     'oz t'
     magnitude:  31.1034768
-    unit:       "gram"
+    unit:       'gram'
     digits:     3
 
 pound:
-    symbol:     "\\mathrm{lb}"
+    symbol:     '\mathrm{lb}'
     aliases:    ['lb']
     magnitude:  0.45359237
-    unit:       "kilogram"
+    unit:       'kilogram'
     digits:     4
 
 
 ################## Astronomy
 gforce:
-    symbol:     "g"
+    symbol:     'g'
     aliases:    ['g']
     magnitude:  9.80665
-    unit:       "metre / s^2"
+    unit:       'metre / s^2'
     digits:     1
     force_f:    true
 
 radius_earth:
-    symbol:     "R_{\\oplus}"
+    symbol:     'R_{\oplus}'
     aliases:    ['r_E']
     magnitude:  6378000
-    unit:       "metre"
+    unit:       'metre'
     digits:     4
 
 mass_earth:
-    symbol:     "M_{\\oplus}"
+    symbol:     'M_{\oplus}'
     aliases:    ['m_E']
     magnitude:  5.972168e+24
-    unit:       "kilogram"
+    unit:       'kilogram'
     digits:     2
 
 eccentricity_earth:
-    symbol:     "e_{\\Earth}"
+    symbol:     'e_{\Earth}'
     aliases:    ['e_E']
     magnitude:  0.0167086
     unit:       ~
     digits:     2
 
 obliquity_earth:
-    symbol:     "\\epsilon_{\\Earth}"
+    symbol:     '\epsilon_{\Earth}'
     magnitude:  23.4392811
-    unit:       "degree"
+    unit:       'degree'
     digits:     3
 
 radius_sun:
-    symbol:     "R_{\\odot}"
+    symbol:     'R_{\odot}'
     magnitude:  6.957e+8
-    unit:       "metre"
+    unit:       'metre'
     digits:     2
 
 mass_sun:
-    symbol:     "M_{\\odot}"
+    symbol:     'M_{\odot}'
     magnitude:  1.988475e+30
-    unit:       "kilogram"
+    unit:       'kilogram'
     digits:     2
 
 temperature_sun:
-    symbol:     "T_{\\odot}"
+    symbol:     'T_{\odot}'
     magnitude:  5777
-    unit:       "kelvin"
+    unit:       'kelvin'
+    digits:     4
+
+radius_moon:
+    symbol:     'R_{\Moon}'
+    magnitude:  1737000
+    unit:       'metre'
     digits:     4
 
 radius_mars:
-    symbol:     "R_\\Mars"
+    symbol:     'R_\Mars'
     magnitude:  3390000
-    unit:       "metre"
+    unit:       'metre'
     digits:     4
 
 tropical_year:
-    symbol:     "y"
+    symbol:     'y'
     magnitude:  31556926
-    unit:       "second"
+    unit:       'second'
     digits:     5
 
 day:
-    symbol:     "d"
+    symbol:     'd'
     magnitude:  86400
     exact:      true
-    unit:       "second"
+    unit:       'second'
     digits:     5
 
 day_sidereal:
-    symbol:     "d"
+    symbol:     'd'
     magnitude:  86164.0905
-    unit:       "second"
+    unit:       'second'
     digits:     5
 
 mass_mars:
-    symbol:     "M_\\Mars"
+    symbol:     'M_\Mars'
     magnitude:  6.417e+23
-    unit:       "kilogram"
+    unit:       'kilogram'
     digits:     2
 
 au:
-    symbol:     "\\mathrm{au}"
+    symbol:     '\mathrm{au}'
     magnitude:  1.49597870700e+11
-    unit:       "metre"
+    unit:       'metre'
     digits:     2
 
 parsec:
-    symbol:     "\\mathrm{pc}"
+    symbol:     '\mathrm{pc}'
     aliases:    ['pc']
     magnitude:  30856775814913673
-    unit:       "metre"
+    unit:       'metre'
     digits:     4
 
 solar_flux:
-    symbol:     "F_{\\odot}"
+    symbol:     'F_{\odot}'
     magnitude:  1366
-    unit:       "watt per metre squared"
+    unit:       'watt per metre squared'
     digits:     4
 
 ##################### Gas
 avogadro:
-    symbol:     "N_A"
+    symbol:     'N_A'
     magnitude:  6.02214076e+23
-    unit:       "1 / mole"
-    aliases:    ["N_A"]
+    unit:       '1 / mole'
+    aliases:    ['N_A']
     si_extra:
       per-mode: 'reciprocal'
     digits:     4
 
 universal_gas:
-    symbol:     "R"
+    symbol:     'R'
     magnitude:  8.31446261815324
-    unit:       "joule / kelvin / mole"
+    unit:       'joule / kelvin / mole'
     digits:     3
 
 boltzmann:
-    symbol:     "k_B"
+    symbol:     'k_B'
     magnitude:  1.380649e-23
-    unit:       "joule / kelvin"
+    unit:       'joule / kelvin'
     aliases:    ['k_B']
     digits:     3
 
 stefan_boltzmann:
-    symbol:     "\\sigma"
+    symbol:     '\sigma'
     magnitude:  5.670374419e-8
-    unit:       "watt / metre squared / kelvin^4"
+    unit:       'watt / metre squared / kelvin^4'
     digits:     3
 
 pressure_standard:
-    symbol:     "p_0"
+    symbol:     'p_0'
     magnitude:  101325
-    unit:       "pascal"
+    unit:       'pascal'
     digits:     2
 
 temperature_standard:
-    symbol:     "T_0"
+    symbol:     'T_0'
     magnitude:  0
-    unit:       "celsius"
+    unit:       'celsius'
     digits:     1
 
 speed_sound:
-    symbol:     "c_s"
+    symbol:     'c_s'
     magnitude:  343
-    unit:       "metre / second"
+    unit:       'metre / second'
     digits:     3
 
 ###################### Electromagnetic
 
 permittivity:
-    symbol:     "\\epsilon_0"
+    symbol:     '\epsilon_0'
     aliases:    ['eps0']
     magnitude:  8.8541878188e-12
-    unit:       "farad / metre"
+    unit:       'farad / metre'
     digits:     4
 
 permeability:
-    symbol:     "\\mu_0"
+    symbol:     '\mu_0'
     aliases:    ['mu0']
     magnitude:  1.25663706127e-6
-    unit:       "henry / metre"
+    unit:       'henry / metre'
     digits:     3
 
 elementary_charge:
-    symbol:     "e"
+    symbol:     'e'
     aliases:    ['e']
     magnitude:  1.602176634e-19
-    unit:       "coulomb"
+    unit:       'coulomb'
     digits:     2
 
 mass_electron:
-    symbol:     "m_e"
+    symbol:     'm_e'
     aliases:    ['m_e']
     magnitude:  9.1093837139e-31
-    unit:       "kilogram"
+    unit:       'kilogram'
     digits:     3
 
 mass_proton:
-    symbol:     "m_p"
+    symbol:     'm_p'
     aliases:    ['m_p']
     magnitude:  1.67262192595e-27
-    unit:       "kilogram"
+    unit:       'kilogram'
     digits:     3
 
 amu:
-    symbol:     "u"
+    symbol:     'u'
     magnitude:  1.6605390689e-27
-    unit:       "kilogram"
+    unit:       'kilogram'
     digits:     3
 
 ####################### Other
 
 refraction_water:
-    symbol:     "n_{\\ce{H2O}}"
+    symbol:     'n_{\ce{H2O}}'
     magnitude:  1.333
     unit:       ~
     digits:     4
 
 ### Material
 density_air:
-    symbol:     "\\rho_a"
+    symbol:     '\rho_a'
     magnitude:  1.28
-    unit:       "kilogram / metre cubed"
+    unit:       'kilogram / metre cubed'
     digits:     2
 
 density_water:
-    symbol:     "\\rho_{\\ce{H2O}}"
+    symbol:     '\rho_{\ce{H2O}}'
     magnitude:  998
-    unit:       "kilogram / metre cubed"
+    unit:       'kilogram / metre cubed'
     digits:     2
 
 density_ice:
-    symbol:     "\\rho_{\\ce{H2O}}"
+    symbol:     '\rho_{\ce{H2O}}'
     magnitude:  916
-    unit:       "kilogram / metre cubed"
+    unit:       'kilogram / metre cubed'
     digits:     3
 
 density_helium:
-    symbol:     "\\rho_{\\ce{He}}"
+    symbol:     '\rho_{\ce{He}}'
     magnitude:  0.18
-    unit:       "kilogram / metre cubed"
+    unit:       'kilogram / metre cubed'
     digits:     3
 
 density_mercury:
-    symbol:     "\\rho_{\\ce{Hg}}"
+    symbol:     '\rho_{\ce{Hg}}'
     magnitude:  13546
-    unit:       "kilogram / metre cubed"
+    unit:       'kilogram / metre cubed'
     digits:     3
 
 density_gold:
-    symbol:     "\\rho_{\\ce{Au}}"
+    symbol:     '\rho_{\ce{Au}}'
     magnitude:  19283
-    unit:       "kilogram / metre cubed"
+    unit:       'kilogram / metre cubed'
     digits:     3
 
 molar_mass_gold:
-    symbol:     "M_{\\ce{Au}}"
+    symbol:     'M_{\ce{Au}}'
     magnitude:  196.966570
-    unit:       "gram / mole"
+    unit:       'gram / mole'
     digits:     3
 
 molar_mass_air:
-    symbol:     "M_{\\mathrm{a}}"
+    symbol:     'M_{\mathrm{a}}'
     magnitude:  28.9647
-    unit:       "gram / mole"
+    unit:       'gram / mole'
     digits:     2
 
 surface_tension_water:
-    symbol:     "\\sigma"
+    symbol:     '\sigma'
     magnitude:  0.072
-    unit:       "newton / metre"
+    unit:       'newton / metre'
     digits:     2
 
 heat_capacity_water:
-    symbol:     "c_{\\ce{H2O}}"
+    symbol:     'c_{\ce{H2O}}'
     magnitude:  4180
-    unit:       "joule / kilogram / kelvin"
+    unit:       'joule / kilogram / kelvin'
     digits:     3
 
 heat_vaporization_water:
-    symbol:     "l_{\\ce{H2O}}"
+    symbol:     'l_{\ce{H2O}}'
     magnitude:  2260
-    unit:       "kilojoule / kilogram"
+    unit:       'kilojoule / kilogram'
     digits:     2
     aliases:    ['hvw']
 
 heat_capacity_ice:
-    symbol:     "c_\\text{\\Snow}"
+    symbol:     'c_\text{\Snow}'
     magnitude:  2093
-    unit:       "joule / kilogram / kelvin"
+    unit:       'joule / kilogram / kelvin'
     digits:     4
     aliases:    ['hci']
 
 heat_melting_ice:
-    symbol:     "l_\\text{\\Snow}"
+    symbol:     'l_\text{\Snow}'
     magnitude:  334000
-    unit:       "J / kg"
+    unit:       'J / kg'
     digits:     3
     aliases:    ['hmi']
 
 thermal_expansion_water:
-    symbol:     "\\beta_{\\ce{H2O}}"
+    symbol:     '\beta_{\ce{H2O}}'
     magnitude:  1.8e-4
-    unit:       "1 / kelvin"
+    unit:       '1 / kelvin'
     si_extra:
       per-mode: 'reciprocal'
     digits:     2
     aliases:    ['tew']  
 
 molar_mass_oxygen:
-    symbol:     "M_{\\ce{O}}"
+    symbol:     'M_{\ce{O}}'
     magnitude:  16
-    unit:       "gram / mole"
+    unit:       'gram / mole'
     digits:     2
     aliases:    ['M_O']
 
 molar_mass_sulphur:
-    symbol:     "M_{\\ce{S}}"
+    symbol:     'M_{\ce{S}}'
     magnitude:  32.06
-    unit:       "gram / mole"
+    unit:       'gram / mole'
     digits:     2
     aliases:    ['M_S']
 
 molar_mass_zinc:
-    symbol:     "M_{\\ce{Zn}}"
+    symbol:     'M_{\ce{Zn}}'
     magnitude:  65.38
-    unit:       "gram / mole"
+    unit:       'gram / mole'
     digits:     2
     aliases:    ['M_Zn']
 
 molar_mass_carbon:
-    symbol:     "M_{\\ce{C}}"
+    symbol:     'M_{\ce{C}}'
     magnitude:  12.01
-    unit:       "gram / mole"
+    unit:       'gram / mole'
     digits:     2
     aliases:    ['M_C']
 
 relative_mass_carbon:
-    symbol:     "A_r(\\ce{C})"
+    symbol:     'A_r(\ce{C})'
     magnitude:  12.01
     digits:     2
     aliases:    ['ArC']
diff --git a/modules/naboj/module.mk b/modules/naboj/module.mk
index 0d21efc9..300e9d66 100644
--- a/modules/naboj/module.mk
+++ b/modules/naboj/module.mk
@@ -79,7 +79,6 @@ render/naboj/%.gp:\
 	$$(abspath source/naboj/$$(dir $$*)/meta.yaml)
 	$(call jinja_without_preamble,modules.naboj.builder.renderer,$(lang),$(abspath $(dir $<)/meta.yaml))
 
-
 build/naboj/%.tex: \
 	$$(subst $$(cdir),,$$(abspath build/naboj/$$(dir $$*)/../$$(subst .tex,.md,$$(notdir $$@))))
 	$(eval language := $(word 5,$(subst /, ,$*)))

From 2c93601588db7c9322cc7b9354c969db4391b6fd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Mon, 27 Jul 2026 17:41:34 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 34/46] Claude Quantity Range and Product

---
 .../references/jinja-templating.md            |  13 +-
 .../references/quantities-and-constants.md    |  22 ++-
 core/builder/context/quantities/__init__.py   |   6 +-
 core/builder/context/quantities/constant.py   |   2 +-
 .../{quantity.py => physics_quantity.py}      | 107 +-------------
 .../context/quantities/quantity_list.py       |  55 +++++++
 .../context/quantities/quantity_product.py    |  55 +++++++
 .../context/quantities/quantity_range.py      |  75 ++++++++++
 core/builder/jinja.py                         |   7 +-
 core/filters/numbers.py                       |   6 +-
 core/tests/test_quantities.py                 | 138 +++++++++++++++++-
 modules/naboj/builder/contexts/base.py        |  24 ++-
 pyproject.toml                                |   2 +-
 uv.lock                                       | 125 +---------------
 14 files changed, 391 insertions(+), 246 deletions(-)
 rename core/builder/context/quantities/{quantity.py => physics_quantity.py} (73%)
 create mode 100644 core/builder/context/quantities/quantity_list.py
 create mode 100644 core/builder/context/quantities/quantity_product.py
 create mode 100644 core/builder/context/quantities/quantity_range.py

diff --git a/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/jinja-templating.md b/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/jinja-templating.md
index ddd4eee4..27b2521a 100644
--- a/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/jinja-templating.md
+++ b/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/jinja-templating.md
@@ -72,8 +72,8 @@ Provided by `core/builder/renderer.py::CLIInterface.build_context`:
 ## Filters (registered in `core/builder/jinja.py::MarkdownJinjaRenderer`)
 
 Number formatting — precision-parameterised versions are pre-generated for 0–9
-digits. Apply to `PhysicsQuantity`, `QuantityRange`, `QuantityList`, or a raw
-number:
+digits. Apply to `PhysicsQuantity`, `QuantityRange`, `QuantityList`,
+`QuantityProduct`, or a raw number:
 
 | Filter               | What it does                                              |
 | -------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------- |
@@ -114,12 +114,19 @@ pi   tau  euler                # constants
 
 These accept both raw numbers and `PhysicsQuantity` values (pint routes through).
 
-Constructor:
+Constructors (short aliases in parentheses):
 
 ```
 Q(magnitude, unit)             # ad-hoc PhysicsQuantity, e.g. Q(100, '%')
+QuantityList(q1, q2, q3)       # (QL) combine several commensurate quantities into a list
+QuantityProduct(q1, q2, q3)    # (QP) combine several commensurate quantities into a product (e.g. box dimensions)
+QuantityRange(lo, hi)          # (QR) build a range directly; equivalent to `lo % hi`
 ```
 
+`q1 % q2` and `q.widen(v)` remain the idiomatic ways to build a `QuantityRange` (see
+quantities-and-constants.md); `QR(lo, hi)` is there for when the operands aren't
+bare variables and `%` would need extra parens anyway.
+
 ## `@J set` — the everyday case
 
 Used almost exclusively inside `preamble.md`:
diff --git a/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/quantities-and-constants.md b/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/quantities-and-constants.md
index 40ff0d17..283f30d3 100644
--- a/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/quantities-and-constants.md
+++ b/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/quantities-and-constants.md
@@ -155,11 +155,13 @@ filters apply — `PhysicsQuantity` handles the routing.
 
 ## Ranges (`QuantityRange`)
 
-Two constructors:
+Three constructors:
 
 - `q1 % q2` where `q1 <= q2` (units must be commensurate; second is converted to
   first's unit).
 - `q.widen(v)` — returns a symmetric ±v range around `q`.
+- `QuantityRange(lo, hi)` (short alias `QR`) — same as `lo % hi`, spelled out;
+  handy when `lo`/`hi` are compound expressions where `%` would need parens.
 - Given a range `r`, `r.widen(v)` **widens** the range by factor `(1+v)`
   around its centre. It never narrows; degenerate ranges (min == max) stay
   degenerate.
@@ -182,9 +184,27 @@ This says: take the range with endpoints `result` and `result_exact`, widen by
 
 If you have several commensurate values to typeset as a list:
 
+- Construct with the `QuantityList` global (short alias `QL`): `QuantityList(q1, q2, q3)` or `QL(q1, q2, q3)`.
 - Format: `\qtylist{v1;v2;v3}{unit}` (or `\numlist` for dimensionless).
 - All values are coerced to the first's unit; `pint` raises on incompatible units.
+- Behaves like a sequence of its (coerced) elements: `len(ql)`, `for q in ql`,
+  `ql[0]`.
 - Not commonly used in Náboj; more common in scholar / seminar modules.
+- No `.widen()` — unlike a single value or a range, "widening" a list of
+  arbitrary points has no single natural meaning, so it's intentionally
+  unsupported. Widen each element individually before listing if needed.
+
+## Products (`QuantityProduct`)
+
+For dimensions of an object (e.g. the length x width x height of a box), all
+sharing one unit:
+
+- Construct with the `QuantityProduct` global (short alias `QP`): `QuantityProduct(q1, q2, q3)` or `QP(q1, q2, q3)`.
+- Format: `\qtyproduct{v1 x v2 x v3}{unit}` (or `\numproduct` for dimensionless).
+- Same unit-coercion, `si_extra`-merge, and sequence behavior (`len()`,
+  iteration, indexing) as `QuantityList` — the only difference is the `x`
+  separator and command name.
+- No `.widen()`, for the same reason `QuantityList` has none.
 
 ## Common pitfalls
 
diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/__init__.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/__init__.py
index 1b2ee769..35de061a 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/__init__.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/__init__.py
@@ -1,10 +1,14 @@
 from .constant import PhysicsConstant
-from .quantity import PhysicsQuantity, QuantityList, QuantityRange, construct_quantity
+from .physics_quantity import PhysicsQuantity, construct_quantity
+from .quantity_list import QuantityList
+from .quantity_product import QuantityProduct
+from .quantity_range import QuantityRange
 
 __all__ = [
     'PhysicsConstant',
     'PhysicsQuantity',
     'QuantityList',
+    'QuantityProduct',
     'QuantityRange',
     'construct_quantity',
 ]
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/constant.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/constant.py
index 60edc3f3..986d467a 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/constant.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/constant.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from pint import UnitRegistry as u
 
-from core.builder.context.quantities.quantity import PhysicsQuantity
+from core.builder.context.quantities.physics_quantity import PhysicsQuantity
 
 
 class PhysicsConstant(PhysicsQuantity):
diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/physics_quantity.py
similarity index 73%
rename from core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
rename to core/builder/context/quantities/physics_quantity.py
index 9980c8b7..a69daf21 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/physics_quantity.py
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@
 from pint import UnitRegistry as u
 
 from core.filters.hacks import cut_extra_one
-from core.utilities.dicts import strict_merge
 
 
 class PhysicsQuantity:
@@ -82,6 +81,7 @@ def __rtruediv__(self, other):
         return PhysicsQuantity(other / self._quantity)
 
     def __mod__(self, other):
+        from .quantity_range import QuantityRange
         return QuantityRange(self, other)
 
     def __neg__(self):
@@ -182,6 +182,7 @@ def widen(self, value: float) -> "QuantityRange":
         Values >= 1 are allowed and produce a range that crosses zero
         (e.g. ``100.widen(1.5) -> [-50, 250]``).
         """
+        from .quantity_range import QuantityRange
         assert value >= 0, f"widen factor must be non-negative, got {value}"
         low = self * (1 - value)
         high = self * (1 + value)
@@ -310,107 +311,3 @@ def equals_general(self, precision: int | None) -> str:
 def construct_quantity(magnitude, unit, *, symbol: str | None = None):
     """ Constructor-like function """
     return PhysicsQuantity.construct(magnitude, unit, symbol=symbol)
-
-
-class QuantityRange:
-    """
-    Represents a range of two magnitudes of commensurate quantities.
-    Also meant to be useful for result tolerances.
-    """
-
-    def __init__(self,
-                 minimum: PhysicsQuantity,
-                 maximum: PhysicsQuantity):
-        # Coerce to a common unit before comparing magnitudes, so ranges like
-        # QuantityRange(1 kg, 500 g) work correctly. Incompatible units raise
-        # the underlying pint DimensionalityError.
-        self.minimum = minimum
-        self.unit = minimum.unit
-        self.maximum = maximum.to(self.unit)
-
-        if self.minimum.mag > self.maximum.mag:
-            raise ValueError(
-                f"QuantityRange minimum ({minimum}) "
-                f"must not exceed maximum ({maximum})"
-            )
-
-        self.si_extra = strict_merge(self.minimum.si_extra, self.maximum.si_extra)
-
-    def __format__(self, fmt: str):
-        minr = self.minimum.format_struct(fmt)
-        maxr = self.maximum.format_struct(fmt)
-
-        si_extraf = PhysicsQuantity.format_si_extra(self.si_extra)
-        minf = f"{{{minr['magnitude']}}}"
-        maxf = f"{{{maxr['magnitude']}}}"
-
-        # Use \numrange for dimensionless quantities, \qtyrange otherwise.
-        if minr['unit']:
-            cmd = 'qtyrange'
-            unitf = f"{{{minr['unit']}}}"
-        else:
-            cmd = 'numrange'
-            unitf = ''
-        return rf'\{cmd}{si_extraf}{minf}{maxf}{unitf}'
-
-    def widen(self, value: float) -> Self:
-        """
-        Return a new range whose width is multiplied by ``(1 + value)``,
-        expanded symmetrically around the centre.
-
-        For a range ``[a, b]`` with centre ``c = (a + b) / 2`` and half-width
-        ``h = (b - a) / 2``, the result is ``[c - h*(1+v), c + h*(1+v)]``.
-
-        This always widens (never narrows) regardless of sign:
-            [1, 3]   widen(0.1) -> [0.9, 3.1]
-            [-3, -1] widen(0.1) -> [-3.1, -0.9]
-            [-1, 1]  widen(0.5) -> [-1.5, 1.5]
-
-        A degenerate range (a == b) stays degenerate, since its half-width
-        is zero. Construct an explicit non-degenerate range first if you
-        want a tolerance band around a single value.
-
-        This should be useful for specifying ranges of acceptable results
-        in Náboj.
-        """
-        assert value >= 0, f"widen factor must be non-negative, got {value}"
-        centre = (self.minimum + self.maximum) * 0.5
-        half_width = (self.maximum - self.minimum) * 0.5 * (1 + value)
-        return QuantityRange(centre - half_width, centre + half_width)
-
-    def __str__(self):
-        return format(self, 'g')
-
-
-class QuantityList:
-    """
-    Represents a list of commensurate quantities.
-    """
-
-    def __init__(self,
-                 *qs: PhysicsQuantity):
-        # First, try to force same units everywhere. If it works, good, if it does not, a pint error will be raised.
-        assert len(qs) > 0, \
-            f"{self.__class__.__name__} must have at least one quantity"
-        self.qs = [q.to(qs[0].unit) for q in qs]
-
-        self.si_extra = strict_merge(*(q.si_extra for q in self.qs))
-
-    def __format__(self, fmt: str):
-        fqs = [q.format_struct(fmt) for q in self.qs]
-        self.magnitudes = ';'.join([fq['magnitude'] for fq in fqs])
-
-        si_extraf = PhysicsQuantity.format_si_extra(self.si_extra)
-        magf = f'{{{self.magnitudes}}}'
-
-        # Use \numlist for dimensionless quantities, \qtylist otherwise.
-        if fqs[0]['unit']:
-            cmd = 'qtylist'
-            unitf = f"{{{fqs[0]['unit']}}}"
-        else:
-            cmd = 'numlist'
-            unitf = ''
-        return rf'\{cmd}{si_extraf}{magf}{unitf}'
-
-    def __str__(self):
-        return format(self, 'g')
diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity_list.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity_list.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ed92fbf3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity_list.py
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+from core.utilities.dicts import strict_merge
+
+from .physics_quantity import PhysicsQuantity
+
+
+class QuantityList:
+    """
+    Represents a list of commensurate quantities.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self,
+                 *qs: PhysicsQuantity):
+        # First, try to force same units everywhere. If it works, good, if it does not, a pint error will be raised.
+        assert len(qs) > 0, \
+            f"{self.__class__.__name__} must have at least one quantity"
+        self.qs = [q.to(qs[0].unit) for q in qs]
+
+        self.si_extra = strict_merge(*(q.si_extra for q in self.qs))
+
+    def __format__(self, fmt: str):
+        fqs = [q.format_struct(fmt) for q in self.qs]
+        self.magnitudes = ';'.join([fq['magnitude'] for fq in fqs])
+
+        si_extraf = PhysicsQuantity.format_si_extra(self.si_extra)
+        magf = f'{{{self.magnitudes}}}'
+
+        # Use \numlist for dimensionless quantities, \qtylist otherwise.
+        if fqs[0]['unit']:
+            cmd = 'qtylist'
+            unitf = f"{{{fqs[0]['unit']}}}"
+        else:
+            cmd = 'numlist'
+            unitf = ''
+        return rf'\{cmd}{si_extraf}{magf}{unitf}'
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return format(self, 'g')
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"{self.__class__.__name__} ({self.qs})"
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, QuantityList):
+            return self.qs == other.qs
+        else:
+            return NotImplemented
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self.qs)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self.qs)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index):
+        return self.qs[index]
diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity_product.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity_product.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..07e2147d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity_product.py
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+from core.utilities.dicts import strict_merge
+
+from .physics_quantity import PhysicsQuantity
+
+
+class QuantityProduct:
+    """
+    Represents a product of commensurate quantities (e.g. the dimensions of a box).
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self,
+                 *qs: PhysicsQuantity):
+        # First, try to force same units everywhere. If it works, good, if it does not, a pint error will be raised.
+        assert len(qs) > 0, \
+            f"{self.__class__.__name__} must have at least one quantity"
+        self.qs = [q.to(qs[0].unit) for q in qs]
+
+        self.si_extra = strict_merge(*(q.si_extra for q in self.qs))
+
+    def __format__(self, fmt: str):
+        fqs = [q.format_struct(fmt) for q in self.qs]
+        self.magnitudes = ' x '.join([fq['magnitude'] for fq in fqs])
+
+        si_extraf = PhysicsQuantity.format_si_extra(self.si_extra)
+        magf = f'{{{self.magnitudes}}}'
+
+        # Use \numproduct for dimensionless quantities, \qtyproduct otherwise.
+        if fqs[0]['unit']:
+            cmd = 'qtyproduct'
+            unitf = f"{{{fqs[0]['unit']}}}"
+        else:
+            cmd = 'numproduct'
+            unitf = ''
+        return rf'\{cmd}{si_extraf}{magf}{unitf}'
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return format(self, 'g')
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"{self.__class__.__name__} ({self.qs})"
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, QuantityProduct):
+            return self.qs == other.qs
+        else:
+            return NotImplemented
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self.qs)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self.qs)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index):
+        return self.qs[index]
diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity_range.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity_range.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bc23b0a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity_range.py
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+from typing import Self
+
+from core.utilities.dicts import strict_merge
+
+from .physics_quantity import PhysicsQuantity
+
+
+class QuantityRange:
+    """
+    Represents a range of two magnitudes of commensurate quantities.
+    Also meant to be useful for result tolerances.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self,
+                 minimum: PhysicsQuantity,
+                 maximum: PhysicsQuantity):
+        # Coerce to a common unit before comparing magnitudes, so ranges like
+        # QuantityRange(1 kg, 500 g) work correctly. Incompatible units raise
+        # the underlying pint DimensionalityError.
+        self.minimum = minimum
+        self.unit = minimum.unit
+        self.maximum = maximum.to(self.unit)
+
+        if self.minimum.mag > self.maximum.mag:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"QuantityRange minimum ({minimum}) "
+                f"must not exceed maximum ({maximum})"
+            )
+
+        self.si_extra = strict_merge(self.minimum.si_extra, self.maximum.si_extra)
+
+    def __format__(self, fmt: str):
+        minr = self.minimum.format_struct(fmt)
+        maxr = self.maximum.format_struct(fmt)
+
+        si_extraf = PhysicsQuantity.format_si_extra(self.si_extra)
+        minf = f"{{{minr['magnitude']}}}"
+        maxf = f"{{{maxr['magnitude']}}}"
+
+        # Use \numrange for dimensionless quantities, \qtyrange otherwise.
+        if minr['unit']:
+            cmd = 'qtyrange'
+            unitf = f"{{{minr['unit']}}}"
+        else:
+            cmd = 'numrange'
+            unitf = ''
+        return rf'\{cmd}{si_extraf}{minf}{maxf}{unitf}'
+
+    def widen(self, value: float) -> Self:
+        """
+        Return a new range whose width is multiplied by ``(1 + value)``,
+        expanded symmetrically around the centre.
+
+        For a range ``[a, b]`` with centre ``c = (a + b) / 2`` and half-width
+        ``h = (b - a) / 2``, the result is ``[c - h*(1+v), c + h*(1+v)]``.
+
+        This always widens (never narrows) regardless of sign:
+            [1, 3]   widen(0.1) -> [0.9, 3.1]
+            [-3, -1] widen(0.1) -> [-3.1, -0.9]
+            [-1, 1]  widen(0.5) -> [-1.5, 1.5]
+
+        A degenerate range (a == b) stays degenerate, since its half-width
+        is zero. Construct an explicit non-degenerate range first if you
+        want a tolerance band around a single value.
+
+        This should be useful for specifying ranges of acceptable results
+        in Náboj.
+        """
+        assert value >= 0, f"widen factor must be non-negative, got {value}"
+        centre = (self.minimum + self.maximum) * 0.5
+        half_width = (self.maximum - self.minimum) * 0.5 * (1 + value)
+        return QuantityRange(centre - half_width, centre + half_width)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return format(self, 'g')
diff --git a/core/builder/jinja.py b/core/builder/jinja.py
index df3d5f2f..ba8c2030 100644
--- a/core/builder/jinja.py
+++ b/core/builder/jinja.py
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 import numpy as np
 import pint
 
-from core.builder.context.quantities import PhysicsQuantity
+from core.builder.context.quantities import PhysicsQuantity, QuantityList, QuantityProduct, QuantityRange
 from core.filters import latex, numbers
 from core.utilities import colour as c
 from core.utilities import logger
@@ -208,6 +208,11 @@ def __init__(self, **kwargs):
 
         self.env.globals |= {
             'Q': PhysicsQuantity.construct,
+            'QuantityList': QuantityList,
+            'QL': QuantityList,
+            'QuantityProduct': QuantityProduct,
+            'QP': QuantityProduct,
+            'QR': QuantityRange,
         } | {
             'sin': np.sin,
             'cos': np.cos,
diff --git a/core/filters/numbers.py b/core/filters/numbers.py
index 1b0c12cf..d72cf368 100644
--- a/core/filters/numbers.py
+++ b/core/filters/numbers.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 """
 import numbers
 
-from core.builder.context.quantities import PhysicsQuantity, QuantityList, QuantityRange
+from core.builder.context.quantities import PhysicsQuantity, QuantityList, QuantityProduct, QuantityRange
 
 from .hacks import cut_extra_one
 
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ def format_float(x: float, precision: int | None = None):
 
     if isinstance(x, numbers.Number):
         printed = rf"{x:{fmt}}"
-    elif isinstance(x, (PhysicsQuantity, QuantityRange, QuantityList)):
+    elif isinstance(x, (PhysicsQuantity, QuantityRange, QuantityList, QuantityProduct)):
         printed = x.__format__(fmt)
     else:
         raise TypeError(f"Cannot handle type {type(x)} ({x})")
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ def format_general(x: float, precision: int | None = None):
 
     if isinstance(x, numbers.Number):
         printed = rf"{x:{fmt}}"
-    elif isinstance(x, (PhysicsQuantity, QuantityRange, QuantityList)):
+    elif isinstance(x, (PhysicsQuantity, QuantityRange, QuantityList, QuantityProduct)):
         printed = x.__format__(fmt)
     else:
         raise TypeError(f"Cannot handle type {type(x)} ({x})")
diff --git a/core/tests/test_quantities.py b/core/tests/test_quantities.py
index 02d08b79..0b7fdef3 100644
--- a/core/tests/test_quantities.py
+++ b/core/tests/test_quantities.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 import pytest
 import regex as re
 
-from core.builder.context.quantities import PhysicsQuantity, QuantityList, QuantityRange
+from core.builder.context.quantities import PhysicsQuantity, QuantityList, QuantityProduct, QuantityRange
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
@@ -101,6 +101,30 @@ def test_incommensurate(self, length1, mass2):
             _ = QuantityList(length1, mass2)
 
 
+class TestProduct:
+    def test_masses(self, mass1, mass2, mass_mega):
+        expected = r'\qtyproduct{1 x 7 x 96.7}{\kilo\gram}'
+        computed = rf'{QuantityProduct(mass1, mass2, mass_mega)}'
+        assert expected == computed, \
+            f"Expected {expected}, computed {computed}"
+
+    def test_masses_sun(self, mass1, mass2, mass_brutal):
+        expected = re.compile(r'\\qtyproduct\[forbid-literal-units=false\]{1 x 7 x 2e\+30}{\\kilo\\gram}')
+        computed = rf'{QuantityProduct(mass1, mass2, mass_brutal)}'
+        assert expected.match(computed), \
+            f"Expected {expected}, computed {computed}"
+
+    def test_lengths(self, length1, length2):
+        expected = re.compile(r'\\qtyproduct{2 x 3.2}{\\met(er|re)}')
+        computed = rf'{QuantityProduct(length1, length2)}'
+        assert expected.match(computed), \
+            f"Expected {expected}, computed {computed}"
+
+    def test_incommensurate(self, length1, mass2):
+        with pytest.raises(pint.errors.DimensionalityError):
+            _ = QuantityProduct(length1, mass2)
+
+
 # --- Metadata propagation ------------------------------------------------
 #
 # Physical reasoning: a "symbol" names a specific quantity and does not
@@ -637,6 +661,14 @@ def test_list_conflicting_keys_raises(self, m_figures, m_places):
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="round-mode"):
             QuantityList(m_figures, m_places)
 
+    def test_product_compatible_keys_merge(self, m_figures, m_plain):
+        qp = QuantityProduct(m_figures, m_plain)
+        assert qp.si_extra == {'round-mode': 'figures'}
+
+    def test_product_conflicting_keys_raises(self, m_figures, m_places):
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="round-mode"):
+            QuantityProduct(m_figures, m_places)
+
 
 # --- QuantityList edge cases ---------------------------------------------
 
@@ -662,6 +694,105 @@ def test_unit_of_first_wins(self):
         assert rf'{QuantityList(kg, g)}' == r'\qtylist{1;1.0}{\kilo\gram}'
 
 
+class TestQuantityProductEdgeCases:
+    def test_empty_rejected(self):
+        with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
+            QuantityProduct()
+
+    def test_single_element(self):
+        m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5, 'kg')
+        assert rf'{QuantityProduct(m)}' == r'\qtyproduct{5}{\kilo\gram}'
+
+    def test_unit_of_first_wins(self):
+        """
+        QuantityProduct coerces all elements to the first element's unit.
+        Note: pint's conversion may change int→float, so '1' becomes '1.0'
+        when it is the result of a conversion rather than a literal.
+        """
+        g = PhysicsQuantity.construct(1000, 'gram')
+        kg = PhysicsQuantity.construct(1, 'kilogram')
+        assert rf'{QuantityProduct(g, kg)}' == r'\qtyproduct{1000 x 1000.0}{\gram}'
+        assert rf'{QuantityProduct(kg, g)}' == r'\qtyproduct{1 x 1.0}{\kilo\gram}'
+
+
+class TestQuantityListCollectionParity:
+    """
+    QuantityList should behave like a first-class sequence of its
+    (unit-coerced) elements, matching len()/iteration/indexing users would
+    expect from any collection type.
+    """
+
+    def test_len(self, mass1, mass2, mass_mega):
+        assert len(QuantityList(mass1, mass2, mass_mega)) == 3
+
+    def test_iter(self, mass1, mass2):
+        ql = QuantityList(mass1, mass2)
+        assert list(ql) == [mass1, mass2]
+
+    def test_getitem(self, mass1, mass2, mass_mega):
+        ql = QuantityList(mass1, mass2, mass_mega)
+        assert ql[0] == mass1
+        assert ql[-1] == mass_mega
+
+    def test_repr(self, mass1, mass2):
+        assert repr(QuantityList(mass1, mass2)) == f"QuantityList ({[mass1, mass2]})"
+
+    def test_eq(self, mass1, mass2):
+        assert QuantityList(mass1, mass2) == QuantityList(mass1, mass2)
+
+    def test_eq_different_elements(self, mass1, mass2, mass_mega):
+        assert QuantityList(mass1, mass2) != QuantityList(mass1, mass_mega)
+
+    def test_eq_unit_coercion(self):
+        """Equality compares coerced elements, so equivalent quantities in
+        different literal units still compare equal."""
+        g = PhysicsQuantity.construct(1000, 'gram')
+        kg = PhysicsQuantity.construct(1, 'kilogram')
+        assert QuantityList(kg, g) == QuantityList(kg, g)
+
+    def test_eq_not_implemented_for_other_types(self, mass1, mass2):
+        assert QuantityList(mass1, mass2).__eq__(mass1) is NotImplemented
+
+
+class TestQuantityProductCollectionParity:
+    """
+    QuantityProduct should behave like a first-class sequence of its
+    (unit-coerced) elements, matching len()/iteration/indexing users would
+    expect from any collection type.
+    """
+
+    def test_len(self, mass1, mass2, mass_mega):
+        assert len(QuantityProduct(mass1, mass2, mass_mega)) == 3
+
+    def test_iter(self, mass1, mass2):
+        qp = QuantityProduct(mass1, mass2)
+        assert list(qp) == [mass1, mass2]
+
+    def test_getitem(self, mass1, mass2, mass_mega):
+        qp = QuantityProduct(mass1, mass2, mass_mega)
+        assert qp[0] == mass1
+        assert qp[-1] == mass_mega
+
+    def test_repr(self, mass1, mass2):
+        assert repr(QuantityProduct(mass1, mass2)) == f"QuantityProduct ({[mass1, mass2]})"
+
+    def test_eq(self, mass1, mass2):
+        assert QuantityProduct(mass1, mass2) == QuantityProduct(mass1, mass2)
+
+    def test_eq_different_elements(self, mass1, mass2, mass_mega):
+        assert QuantityProduct(mass1, mass2) != QuantityProduct(mass1, mass_mega)
+
+    def test_eq_unit_coercion(self):
+        """Equality compares coerced elements, so equivalent quantities in
+        different literal units still compare equal."""
+        g = PhysicsQuantity.construct(1000, 'gram')
+        kg = PhysicsQuantity.construct(1, 'kilogram')
+        assert QuantityProduct(kg, g) == QuantityProduct(kg, g)
+
+    def test_eq_not_implemented_for_other_types(self, mass1, mass2):
+        assert QuantityProduct(mass1, mass2).__eq__(mass1) is NotImplemented
+
+
 # --- Formatting ----------------------------------------------------------
 
 
@@ -685,6 +816,11 @@ def test_dimensionless_list_uses_numlist(self):
         b = PhysicsQuantity.construct(0.5, '')
         assert rf'{QuantityList(a, b)}' == r'\numlist{0.1;0.5}'
 
+    def test_dimensionless_product_uses_numproduct(self):
+        a = PhysicsQuantity.construct(0.1, '')
+        b = PhysicsQuantity.construct(0.5, '')
+        assert rf'{QuantityProduct(a, b)}' == r'\numproduct{0.1 x 0.5}'
+
     def test_with_unit_uses_qty(self):
         m = PhysicsQuantity.construct(5, 'kg')
         assert str(m).startswith(r'\qty{')
diff --git a/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/base.py b/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/base.py
index 9ba3d4c7..e2d8f17f 100644
--- a/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/base.py
+++ b/modules/naboj/builder/contexts/base.py
@@ -12,11 +12,25 @@
 
 def valid_tag(tag: str):
     return tag in [
-        'elegant', 'troll', 'trick', 'silly', 'unreal', 'creative',
-        'circuit', 'resistance', 'rlc', 'elmag',
-        'kinematics', 'uam',
-        'paaa', 'cog',
-        'calorimetry', 'thermo-process', 'optics', 'blackbody', 'nuclear'
+        'elegant',        # short but interesting problem
+        'troll',          # a problem with a trivial solution
+        'trick',          # has a trick or twist in the intended solution
+        'silly',          # a silly or joke problem
+        'unreal',         # a physically unrealistic setup played for humor
+        'creative',       # requires out-of-the-box thinking
+        'circuit',        # resistor network / circuit analysis
+        'resistance',     # problems focused on electrical resistance
+        'rlc',            # resonant RLC circuit
+        'elmag',          # general electromagnetism (induction, EM fields)
+        'kinematics',     # kinematics
+        'uam',            # uniformly accelerated motion
+        'paaa',           # projectile at an angle (inferred from usage; not documented at origin)
+        'cog',            # centre of gravity
+        'calorimetry',    # calorimetry / heat exchange
+        'thermo-process', # a specific thermodynamic process or cycle
+        'optics',         # optics
+        'blackbody',      # blackbody radiation
+        'nuclear',        # nuclear physics
     ]
 
 
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 76f3e89b..95233d51 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ name = "dgs"
 version = "0.1.0"
 description = "Add your description here"
 readme = "readme.md"
-requires-python = ">=3.12"
+requires-python = ">=3.14"
 dependencies = [
     "argparsedirs>=0.2.1",
     "colorama>=0.4.6",
diff --git a/uv.lock b/uv.lock
index aad5d400..df57e46f 100644
--- a/uv.lock
+++ b/uv.lock
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 version = 1
 revision = 3
-requires-python = ">=3.12"
+requires-python = ">=3.14"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "argparse"
@@ -167,39 +167,6 @@ version = "3.0.3"
 source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
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From 52b01aba5d548ce69e4d1de360c20f7e945301b3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Tue, 28 Jul 2026 08:11:17 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 35/46] Tan and shortened symbol to s

---
 .../builder/context/quantities/physics_quantity.py | 14 ++++++++++++++
 core/builder/jinja.py                              |  4 ++--
 2 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/physics_quantity.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/physics_quantity.py
index a69daf21..f9d214cc 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/physics_quantity.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/physics_quantity.py
@@ -153,10 +153,21 @@ def sym(self):
     def sym(self, value: str | None):
         self._symbol = value
 
+    @property
+    def s(self):
+        """ Return the internal symbol (shorthand). """
+        return self._symbol
+
+    @s.setter
+    def s(self, value: str | None):
+        self._symbol = value
+
     def alias(self, symbol: str | None) -> "PhysicsQuantity":
+        """ Return an aliased quantity with a symbol """
         return PhysicsQuantity(self._quantity, symbol=symbol, si_extra=self.si_extra, force_f=self.force_f)
 
     def to(self, what):
+        """ Convert a physics quantity unit to another compatible unit. """
         return PhysicsQuantity(self._quantity.to(what), symbol=self._symbol, si_extra=self.si_extra)
 
     def simplify(self):
@@ -197,6 +208,9 @@ def sin(self):
     def cos(self):
         return PhysicsQuantity(np.cos(self._quantity))
 
+    def tan(self):
+        return PhysicsQuantity(np.tan(self._quantity))
+
     def arcsin(self):
         return PhysicsQuantity(np.arcsin(self._quantity))
 
diff --git a/core/builder/jinja.py b/core/builder/jinja.py
index ba8c2030..bc139205 100644
--- a/core/builder/jinja.py
+++ b/core/builder/jinja.py
@@ -221,8 +221,8 @@ def __init__(self, **kwargs):
             'acos': np.acos,
             'atan': np.atan,
             'atan2': np.atan2,
-            'ceil': lambda x: PhysicsQuantity.ceil if isinstance(x, PhysicsQuantity) else np.ceil(x),
-            'floor': lambda x: PhysicsQuantity.floor if isinstance(x, PhysicsQuantity) else np.floor(x),
+            'ceil': lambda x: PhysicsQuantity.ceil(x) if isinstance(x, PhysicsQuantity) else np.ceil(x),
+            'floor': lambda x: PhysicsQuantity.floor(x) if isinstance(x, PhysicsQuantity) else np.floor(x),
             'sqrt': lambda x: (x ** 0.5),
             'cbrt': np.cbrt,
             'rad': np.radians,

From 9b39dde525200d219f8d84371dbe8eda2ae3bbd7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: MarekSliva <marek.sliva@trojsten.sk>
Date: Tue, 28 Jul 2026 10:14:46 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 36/46] troy-ounce exact

---
 core/data/constants.yaml | 3 ++-
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/core/data/constants.yaml b/core/data/constants.yaml
index 904e92f4..5d80db6a 100644
--- a/core/data/constants.yaml
+++ b/core/data/constants.yaml
@@ -77,10 +77,11 @@ ounce:
     digits:     4
 
 troy_ounce:
-    symbol:     'oz t'
+    symbol:     '\mathrm{oz t}'
     magnitude:  31.1034768
     unit:       'gram'
     digits:     3
+    exact:      true
 
 pound:
     symbol:     '\mathrm{lb}'

From 77cf9739bca2ab4f77636126637067bb91af501a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Tue, 28 Jul 2026 08:25:42 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 37/46] Added columns to 200

---
 core/builder/convertor.py | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/core/builder/convertor.py b/core/builder/convertor.py
index ec87a155..dcf3a9a9 100644
--- a/core/builder/convertor.py
+++ b/core/builder/convertor.py
@@ -227,6 +227,7 @@ def call_pandoc(self):
             "--from", "markdown+smart",
             "--pdf-engine", "xelatex",
             "--to", self.output_format,
+            "--columns=200",
             "--filter", "pandoc-crossref",
             "-M", f"crossrefYaml=build/core/i18n/{self.locale_code}.yaml",
             #"--filter", "pandoc-include",

From d8b5ca4a106256109d2d2de90f8da84d1516643d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Tue, 28 Jul 2026 08:37:54 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 38/46] Added C_V

---
 core/data/constants.yaml | 6 ++++++
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+)

diff --git a/core/data/constants.yaml b/core/data/constants.yaml
index 5d80db6a..128d4d12 100644
--- a/core/data/constants.yaml
+++ b/core/data/constants.yaml
@@ -230,6 +230,12 @@ stefan_boltzmann:
     unit:       'watt / metre squared / kelvin^4'
     digits:     3
 
+valovcan:
+    symbol:     'C_V'
+    magnitude:  40
+    unit:       ~
+    exact:      true
+
 pressure_standard:
     symbol:     'p_0'
     magnitude:  101325

From a98f533664366b7313d7ebe30b175f148dd1d4d8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: MarekSliva <marek.sliva@trojsten.sk>
Date: Tue, 28 Jul 2026 10:57:14 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 39/46] refraction_air added

---
 core/data/constants.yaml | 6 ++++++
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+)

diff --git a/core/data/constants.yaml b/core/data/constants.yaml
index 128d4d12..e6a64aad 100644
--- a/core/data/constants.yaml
+++ b/core/data/constants.yaml
@@ -305,6 +305,12 @@ refraction_water:
     unit:       ~
     digits:     4
 
+refraction_air:
+    symbol:     'n_a'
+    magnitude:  1.00028652
+    unit:       ~
+    digits:     3
+
 ### Material
 density_air:
     symbol:     '\rho_a'

From 2d0583d6b2f237c0e804b4049228befd36f20da2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Tue, 28 Jul 2026 21:08:53 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 40/46] Updated constants and wrap mode

---
 core/builder/convertor.py | 1 +
 core/data/constants.yaml  | 8 ++++----
 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/builder/convertor.py b/core/builder/convertor.py
index dcf3a9a9..6aa1d7ba 100644
--- a/core/builder/convertor.py
+++ b/core/builder/convertor.py
@@ -228,6 +228,7 @@ def call_pandoc(self):
             "--pdf-engine", "xelatex",
             "--to", self.output_format,
             "--columns=200",
+            "--wrap=preserve",
             "--filter", "pandoc-crossref",
             "-M", f"crossrefYaml=build/core/i18n/{self.locale_code}.yaml",
             #"--filter", "pandoc-include",
diff --git a/core/data/constants.yaml b/core/data/constants.yaml
index e6a64aad..6aee9556 100644
--- a/core/data/constants.yaml
+++ b/core/data/constants.yaml
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ amu:
 
 refraction_water:
     symbol:     'n_{\ce{H2O}}'
-    magnitude:  1.333
+    magnitude:  1.3330
     unit:       ~
     digits:     4
 
@@ -314,15 +314,15 @@ refraction_air:
 ### Material
 density_air:
     symbol:     '\rho_a'
-    magnitude:  1.28
+    magnitude:  1.293
     unit:       'kilogram / metre cubed'
     digits:     2
 
 density_water:
     symbol:     '\rho_{\ce{H2O}}'
-    magnitude:  998
+    magnitude:  999.972
     unit:       'kilogram / metre cubed'
-    digits:     2
+    digits:     3
 
 density_ice:
     symbol:     '\rho_{\ce{H2O}}'

From 8aa5c86216b0ef87cb16e4ce00bddfeac3e1e3de Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Tue, 28 Jul 2026 21:39:57 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 41/46] Expanded 'to' to other quantity

---
 core/builder/context/quantities/quantity_list.py    | 4 ++++
 core/builder/context/quantities/quantity_product.py | 4 ++++
 core/builder/context/quantities/quantity_range.py   | 4 ++++
 3 files changed, 12 insertions(+)

diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity_list.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity_list.py
index ed92fbf3..30565b76 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity_list.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity_list.py
@@ -45,6 +45,10 @@ def __eq__(self, other):
         else:
             return NotImplemented
 
+    def to(self, unit) -> "QuantityList":
+        """ Convert all entries to another commensurate unit. """
+        return QuantityList(*[q.to(unit) for q in self.qs])
+
     def __len__(self):
         return len(self.qs)
 
diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity_product.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity_product.py
index 07e2147d..690e4278 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity_product.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity_product.py
@@ -45,6 +45,10 @@ def __eq__(self, other):
         else:
             return NotImplemented
 
+    def to(self, unit) -> "QuantityProduct":
+        """ Convert all entries to another commensurate unit. """
+        return QuantityProduct(*[q.to(unit) for q in self.qs])
+
     def __len__(self):
         return len(self.qs)
 
diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity_range.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity_range.py
index bc23b0a1..8898fe9b 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity_range.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/quantity_range.py
@@ -71,5 +71,9 @@ def widen(self, value: float) -> Self:
         half_width = (self.maximum - self.minimum) * 0.5 * (1 + value)
         return QuantityRange(centre - half_width, centre + half_width)
 
+    def to(self, unit) -> Self:
+        """ Convert both endpoints to another commensurate unit. """
+        return QuantityRange(self.minimum.to(unit), self.maximum.to(unit))
+
     def __str__(self):
         return format(self, 'g')

From 6532b19151eb7a887e30cbb923ee7c6bc6883334 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Thu, 30 Jul 2026 14:20:56 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 42/46] Approx filters + tests

---
 .../context/quantities/physics_quantity.py    | 15 +++++++++
 core/builder/jinja.py                         |  9 +++---
 core/filters/latex.py                         |  8 +++++
 core/tests/test_filters.py                    | 29 +++++++++++++++++
 core/tests/test_jinja.py                      | 28 ++++++++++++++++
 core/tests/test_quantities.py                 | 32 +++++++++++++++++++
 6 files changed, 117 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/physics_quantity.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/physics_quantity.py
index f9d214cc..85a5a318 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/physics_quantity.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/physics_quantity.py
@@ -322,6 +322,21 @@ def equals_general(self, precision: int | None) -> str:
         return rf"{self._symbol} = {self:.{precision}g}"
 
 
+    def approx_float(self, precision: int | None) -> str:
+        """
+        Full form with symbol and approx sign,
+        `<symbol> = <full>`
+        """
+        return rf"{self._symbol} \approx {self:.{precision}f}"
+
+    def approx_general(self, precision: int | None) -> str:
+        """
+        Full form with symbol and approx sign,
+        `<symbol> = <full>`
+        """
+        return rf"{self._symbol} \approx {self:.{precision}g}"
+
+
 def construct_quantity(magnitude, unit, *, symbol: str | None = None):
     """ Constructor-like function """
     return PhysicsQuantity.construct(magnitude, unit, symbol=symbol)
diff --git a/core/builder/jinja.py b/core/builder/jinja.py
index bc139205..8ab701b8 100644
--- a/core/builder/jinja.py
+++ b/core/builder/jinja.py
@@ -180,8 +180,7 @@ def __init__(self, **kwargs):
                          variable_end_string='§)',
                          **kwargs)
 
-        self.env.filters |= (
-        {
+        self.env.filters |= ({
             'f': numbers.format_float,
             'g': numbers.format_general,
             'n': latex.num,
@@ -200,11 +199,13 @@ def __init__(self, **kwargs):
         self.__generate_format_functions(latex.num_float, 'nf') |
         self.__generate_format_functions(latex.num_general, 'ng') |
         self.__generate_format_functions(latex.equals_float, 'ef') |
-        self.__generate_format_functions(latex.equals_general, 'eg')) | {
+        self.__generate_format_functions(latex.equals_general, 'eg') |
+        self.__generate_format_functions(latex.approx_float, 'af') |
+        self.__generate_format_functions(latex.approx_general, 'ag') | {
            'inline': latex.math_inline,
            'disp': latex.math_display,
            'align': latex.math_aligned,
-        }
+        })
 
         self.env.globals |= {
             'Q': PhysicsQuantity.construct,
diff --git a/core/filters/latex.py b/core/filters/latex.py
index 394e1447..2addea78 100644
--- a/core/filters/latex.py
+++ b/core/filters/latex.py
@@ -149,6 +149,14 @@ def equals_general(q: PhysicsQuantity, precision: int | None = None):
     return q.equals_general(precision)
 
 
+def approx_float(q: PhysicsQuantity, precision: int | None = None):
+    return q.approx_float(precision)
+
+
+def approx_general(q: PhysicsQuantity, precision: int | None = None):
+    return q.approx_general(precision)
+
+
 def math_inline(math: MathObject) -> str:
     """
     Display as inline math. No punctuation argument: write any sentence
diff --git a/core/tests/test_filters.py b/core/tests/test_filters.py
index 572dd838..691a22fd 100644
--- a/core/tests/test_filters.py
+++ b/core/tests/test_filters.py
@@ -2,7 +2,12 @@
 
 import pytest
 
+from core.builder.context.quantities import PhysicsQuantity
 from core.filters.latex import (
+    approx_float,
+    approx_general,
+    equals_float,
+    equals_general,
     format_gender_suffix,
     format_people,
     isotex,
@@ -188,6 +193,30 @@ def test_girls_wrapped(self):
         ) == r'\textit{Kika} et \textit{Emmika}'
 
 
+class TestApproxEqualsFilters:
+    """The `latex.approx_*`/`equals_*` filters just delegate to the PhysicsQuantity methods."""
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def q(self):
+        return PhysicsQuantity.construct(96.7, 'kg', symbol='m_D')
+
+    def test_equals_float(self, q):
+        assert equals_float(q, 2) == q.equals_float(2)
+
+    def test_equals_general(self, q):
+        assert equals_general(q, 2) == q.equals_general(2)
+
+    def test_approx_float(self, q):
+        assert approx_float(q, 2) == q.approx_float(2)
+
+    def test_approx_general(self, q):
+        assert approx_general(q, 2) == q.approx_general(2)
+
+    def test_approx_float_uses_approx_sign(self, q):
+        assert r'\approx' in approx_float(q, 2)
+        assert '=' not in approx_float(q, 2)
+
+
 class TestNth:
     @pytest.mark.parametrize("number,ordinal", [
         pytest.param(0, '0th'),
diff --git a/core/tests/test_jinja.py b/core/tests/test_jinja.py
index 0baf8a7b..64163761 100644
--- a/core/tests/test_jinja.py
+++ b/core/tests/test_jinja.py
@@ -222,3 +222,31 @@ def test_invalid_punctuation_rejected(self, renderer, context):
         """An unsupported punctuation char is reported with a friendly message."""
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Invalid trailing character 'x'"):
             renderer.render('(§ eq | disp("x") §)', context)
+
+
+class TestApproxEqualsFilters:
+    """`ef`/`eg` render `symbol = value`; `af`/`ag` render `symbol \\approx value`, suffixed 0-9 for precision."""
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def renderer(self):
+        return MarkdownJinjaRenderer()
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def context(self):
+        from core.builder.context.quantities import PhysicsQuantity
+        return {'m': PhysicsQuantity.construct(96.7, 'kg', symbol='m_D')}
+
+    def test_ef0(self, renderer, context):
+        assert renderer.render('(§ m | ef0 §)', context) == r'm_D = \qty{97}{\kilo\gram}'
+
+    def test_eg2(self, renderer, context):
+        assert renderer.render('(§ m | eg2 §)', context) == r'm_D = \qty{97}{\kilo\gram}'
+
+    def test_af0(self, renderer, context):
+        assert renderer.render('(§ m | af0 §)', context) == r'm_D \approx \qty{97}{\kilo\gram}'
+
+    def test_ag2(self, renderer, context):
+        assert renderer.render('(§ m | ag2 §)', context) == r'm_D \approx \qty{97}{\kilo\gram}'
+
+    def test_af2(self, renderer, context):
+        assert renderer.render('(§ m | af2 §)', context) == r'm_D \approx \qty{96.70}{\kilo\gram}'
diff --git a/core/tests/test_quantities.py b/core/tests/test_quantities.py
index 0b7fdef3..54204bf4 100644
--- a/core/tests/test_quantities.py
+++ b/core/tests/test_quantities.py
@@ -832,6 +832,38 @@ def test_si_extra_appears_in_output(self):
         assert 'round-mode=figures' in str(m)
 
 
+# --- equals_*/approx_* string formatting ---------------------------------
+
+
+class TestEqualsApprox:
+    """`equals_*` use ` = `; `approx_*` use `\\approx` and otherwise format identically."""
+
+    def test_equals_float(self, mass_mega):
+        assert mass_mega.equals_float(2) == r'm_D = \qty{96.70}{\kilo\gram}'
+
+    def test_equals_general(self, mass_mega):
+        assert mass_mega.equals_general(2) == r'm_D = \qty{97}{\kilo\gram}'
+
+    def test_approx_float(self, mass_mega):
+        assert mass_mega.approx_float(2) == r'm_D \approx \qty{96.70}{\kilo\gram}'
+
+    def test_approx_general(self, mass_mega):
+        assert mass_mega.approx_general(2) == r'm_D \approx \qty{97}{\kilo\gram}'
+
+    def test_approx_float_precision_zero(self, mass_mega):
+        assert mass_mega.approx_float(0) == r'm_D \approx \qty{97}{\kilo\gram}'
+
+    def test_approx_matches_equals_except_operator(self, mass_mega):
+        """`approx_*` should format identically to `equals_*` other than `=` vs `\\approx`."""
+        assert mass_mega.approx_float(3).replace(r'\approx', '=') == mass_mega.equals_float(3)
+        assert mass_mega.approx_general(3).replace(r'\approx', '=') == mass_mega.equals_general(3)
+
+    def test_precision_is_required(self, mass_mega):
+        """Precision has no default; there is no bare/default form."""
+        with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+            mass_mega.approx_float()
+
+
 # --- Equality semantics --------------------------------------------------
 
 

From 14aa09f5c9371aa8711314805b271ae1106efbdb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Sat, 1 Aug 2026 21:35:11 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 43/46] More precise constant

---
 core/data/constants.yaml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/core/data/constants.yaml b/core/data/constants.yaml
index 6aee9556..a2389e64 100644
--- a/core/data/constants.yaml
+++ b/core/data/constants.yaml
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ density_water:
 
 density_ice:
     symbol:     '\rho_{\ce{H2O}}'
-    magnitude:  916
+    magnitude:  917
     unit:       'kilogram / metre cubed'
     digits:     3
 

From 10057b5d566962bb6db7782792a40315dafc5d81 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Sun, 2 Aug 2026 18:39:05 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 44/46] Completed math punctuation and approx filter families

Added dispq/dispe and alignq/aligne, so the shorthands cover every mark in
MathObject._INTERPUNCTION. Registered bare af/ag; precision is now optional in
equals_*/approx_*, defaulting to the plain f/g spec as in filters.numbers, which
also fixes the previously broken bare ef/eg filters.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
---
 .../context/quantities/physics_quantity.py    |  30 +++--
 core/builder/jinja.py                         |  17 ++-
 core/tests/test_jinja.py                      | 123 +++++++++++++++++-
 core/tests/test_quantities.py                 |  15 ++-
 4 files changed, 167 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/builder/context/quantities/physics_quantity.py b/core/builder/context/quantities/physics_quantity.py
index 85a5a318..ebfd40b5 100644
--- a/core/builder/context/quantities/physics_quantity.py
+++ b/core/builder/context/quantities/physics_quantity.py
@@ -307,34 +307,42 @@ def eq(self) -> str:
         """
         return self.equals
 
-    def equals_float(self, precision: int | None) -> str:
+    @staticmethod
+    def _format_spec(kind: str, precision: int | None) -> str:
+        """
+        Build a format spec of the requested kind ('f' or 'g'). `None` precision
+        means the bare spec, i.e. Python's default for that kind -- the same
+        convention as `core.filters.numbers.format_float` / `format_general`.
+        """
+        return kind if precision is None else f'.{precision}{kind}'
+
+    def equals_float(self, precision: int | None = None) -> str:
         """
         Full form with symbol and equal sign,
         `<symbol> = <full>`
         """
-        return rf"{self._symbol} = {self:.{precision}f}"
+        return rf"{self._symbol} = {self:{self._format_spec('f', precision)}}"
 
-    def equals_general(self, precision: int | None) -> str:
+    def equals_general(self, precision: int | None = None) -> str:
         """
         Full form with symbol and equal sign,
         `<symbol> = <full>`
         """
-        return rf"{self._symbol} = {self:.{precision}g}"
+        return rf"{self._symbol} = {self:{self._format_spec('g', precision)}}"
 
-
-    def approx_float(self, precision: int | None) -> str:
+    def approx_float(self, precision: int | None = None) -> str:
         """
         Full form with symbol and approx sign,
-        `<symbol> = <full>`
+        `<symbol> \\approx <full>`
         """
-        return rf"{self._symbol} \approx {self:.{precision}f}"
+        return rf"{self._symbol} \approx {self:{self._format_spec('f', precision)}}"
 
-    def approx_general(self, precision: int | None) -> str:
+    def approx_general(self, precision: int | None = None) -> str:
         """
         Full form with symbol and approx sign,
-        `<symbol> = <full>`
+        `<symbol> \\approx <full>`
         """
-        return rf"{self._symbol} \approx {self:.{precision}g}"
+        return rf"{self._symbol} \approx {self:{self._format_spec('g', precision)}}"
 
 
 def construct_quantity(magnitude, unit, *, symbol: str | None = None):
diff --git a/core/builder/jinja.py b/core/builder/jinja.py
index 8ab701b8..fcfd7bde 100644
--- a/core/builder/jinja.py
+++ b/core/builder/jinja.py
@@ -188,6 +188,8 @@ def __init__(self, **kwargs):
             'ng': latex.num_general,
             'ef': latex.equals_float,
             'eg': latex.equals_general,
+            'af': latex.approx_float,
+            'ag': latex.approx_general,
             'w': lambda obj, value: obj.widen(value),      # This is so that we can call it on both Quantity and Range
             'widen': lambda obj, value: obj.widen(value),
             'mag': lambda q: q.mag,
@@ -203,8 +205,18 @@ def __init__(self, **kwargs):
         self.__generate_format_functions(latex.approx_float, 'af') |
         self.__generate_format_functions(latex.approx_general, 'ag') | {
            'inline': latex.math_inline,
-           'disp': latex.math_display,
-           'align': latex.math_aligned,
+           'disp': latex.math_display,                                  # full function
+           'dispd': functools.partial(latex.math_display, punct='.'),   # shorthand with dot
+           'dispc': functools.partial(latex.math_display, punct=','),   # shorthand with comma
+           'disps': functools.partial(latex.math_display, punct=';'),   # shorthand with semicolon
+           'dispq': functools.partial(latex.math_display, punct='?'),   # shorthand with question mark
+           'dispe': functools.partial(latex.math_display, punct='!'),   # shorthand with exclamation mark
+           'align': latex.math_aligned,                                 # full function
+           'alignd': functools.partial(latex.math_aligned, punct='.'),  # shorthand with dot
+           'alignc': functools.partial(latex.math_aligned, punct=','),  # shorthand with comma
+           'aligns': functools.partial(latex.math_aligned, punct=';'),  # shorthand with semicolon
+           'alignq': functools.partial(latex.math_aligned, punct='?'),  # shorthand with question mark
+           'aligne': functools.partial(latex.math_aligned, punct='!'),  # shorthand with exclamation mark
         })
 
         self.env.globals |= {
@@ -213,6 +225,7 @@ def __init__(self, **kwargs):
             'QL': QuantityList,
             'QuantityProduct': QuantityProduct,
             'QP': QuantityProduct,
+            'QuantityRange': QuantityRange,
             'QR': QuantityRange,
         } | {
             'sin': np.sin,
diff --git a/core/tests/test_jinja.py b/core/tests/test_jinja.py
index 64163761..ebac0cf4 100644
--- a/core/tests/test_jinja.py
+++ b/core/tests/test_jinja.py
@@ -224,8 +224,98 @@ def test_invalid_punctuation_rejected(self, renderer, context):
             renderer.render('(§ eq | disp("x") §)', context)
 
 
+DISP_SHORTHANDS = [
+    pytest.param('dispd', '.', id='dispd'),
+    pytest.param('dispc', ',', id='dispc'),
+    pytest.param('disps', ';', id='disps'),
+    pytest.param('dispq', '?', id='dispq'),
+    pytest.param('dispe', '!', id='dispe'),
+]
+
+ALIGN_SHORTHANDS = [
+    pytest.param('alignd', '.', id='alignd'),
+    pytest.param('alignc', ',', id='alignc'),
+    pytest.param('aligns', ';', id='aligns'),
+    pytest.param('alignq', '?', id='alignq'),
+    pytest.param('aligne', '!', id='aligne'),
+]
+
+
+class TestMathPunctuationShorthands:
+    """
+    `dispd`/`dispc`/`disps`/`dispq`/`dispe` and the matching `align*` filters are
+    functools.partial shorthands binding the trailing punctuation (dot / comma /
+    semicolon / question mark / exclamation mark), so that `| dispd` means exactly
+    `| disp('.')`. Together they cover all of `MathObject._INTERPUNCTION`.
+    """
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def renderer(self):
+        return MarkdownJinjaRenderer()
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def context(self):
+        from core.builder.context.quantities.math import MathObject
+        return {
+            'eq': MathObject('e1', 'a + b = c'),
+            'multi': MathObject('e2', 'a &= b + c \\\\\nb &= 2c'),
+        }
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("shorthand,punct", DISP_SHORTHANDS)
+    def test_disp_shorthand(self, renderer, context, shorthand, punct):
+        assert renderer.render(f'(§ eq | {shorthand} §)', context) == \
+               f'$$\n    a + b = c{punct}\n$$ {{#eq:e1}}'
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("shorthand,punct", ALIGN_SHORTHANDS)
+    def test_align_shorthand(self, renderer, context, shorthand, punct):
+        assert renderer.render(f'(§ multi | {shorthand} §)', context) == \
+               f'$${{\n    a &= b + c \\\\\n    b &= 2c{punct}\n}}$$ {{#eq:e2}}'
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("shorthand,punct", DISP_SHORTHANDS)
+    def test_disp_shorthand_matches_explicit(self, renderer, context, shorthand, punct):
+        """The whole point of the shorthand: identical output to the explicit call."""
+        assert renderer.render(f'(§ eq | {shorthand} §)', context) == \
+               renderer.render(f'(§ eq | disp("{punct}") §)', context)
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("shorthand,punct", ALIGN_SHORTHANDS)
+    def test_align_shorthand_matches_explicit(self, renderer, context, shorthand, punct):
+        assert renderer.render(f'(§ multi | {shorthand} §)', context) == \
+               renderer.render(f'(§ multi | align("{punct}") §)', context)
+
+    def test_shorthands_are_distinct(self, renderer, context):
+        """Guards against copy-paste: each shorthand must bind its own punctuation."""
+        disp_names = [p.values[0] for p in DISP_SHORTHANDS]
+        align_names = [p.values[0] for p in ALIGN_SHORTHANDS]
+        disp = {s: renderer.render(f'(§ eq | {s} §)', context) for s in disp_names}
+        align = {s: renderer.render(f'(§ multi | {s} §)', context) for s in align_names}
+        assert len(set(disp.values())) == len(disp_names), disp
+        assert len(set(align.values())) == len(align_names), align
+
+    def test_shorthands_cover_all_interpunction(self):
+        """Every punctuation mark `MathObject` accepts must have a shorthand."""
+        from core.builder.context.quantities.math import MathObject
+        for names, params in (('disp', DISP_SHORTHANDS), ('align', ALIGN_SHORTHANDS)):
+            bound = {p.values[1] for p in params}
+            assert bound == set(MathObject._INTERPUNCTION), (names, bound)
+
+    def test_disp_shorthand_is_not_align(self, renderer, context):
+        """`disp*` must not be wired to math_aligned (or vice versa)."""
+        assert renderer.render('(§ eq | dispd §)', context).startswith('$$\n')
+        assert renderer.render('(§ multi | alignd §)', context).startswith('$${\n')
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("shorthand", [p.values[0] for p in DISP_SHORTHANDS + ALIGN_SHORTHANDS])
+    def test_shorthand_takes_no_argument(self, renderer, context, shorthand):
+        """Punctuation is already bound, so passing another one is a conflict."""
+        with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+            renderer.render(f'(§ eq | {shorthand}(".") §)', context)
+
+
 class TestApproxEqualsFilters:
-    """`ef`/`eg` render `symbol = value`; `af`/`ag` render `symbol \\approx value`, suffixed 0-9 for precision."""
+    """
+    `ef`/`eg` render `symbol = value`; `af`/`ag` render `symbol \\approx value`.
+    All four exist bare (Python's default formatting for the kind) and suffixed 0-9
+    for an explicit precision.
+    """
 
     @pytest.fixture
     def renderer(self):
@@ -250,3 +340,34 @@ def test_ag2(self, renderer, context):
 
     def test_af2(self, renderer, context):
         assert renderer.render('(§ m | af2 §)', context) == r'm_D \approx \qty{96.70}{\kilo\gram}'
+
+    def test_ef_bare(self, renderer, context):
+        """No precision means Python's default 'f', i.e. six decimals — same as `| f`."""
+        assert renderer.render('(§ m | ef §)', context) == r'm_D = \qty{96.700000}{\kilo\gram}'
+
+    def test_eg_bare(self, renderer, context):
+        assert renderer.render('(§ m | eg §)', context) == r'm_D = \qty{96.7}{\kilo\gram}'
+
+    def test_af_bare(self, renderer, context):
+        assert renderer.render('(§ m | af §)', context) == r'm_D \approx \qty{96.700000}{\kilo\gram}'
+
+    def test_ag_bare(self, renderer, context):
+        assert renderer.render('(§ m | ag §)', context) == r'm_D \approx \qty{96.7}{\kilo\gram}'
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("equals,approx", [
+        pytest.param('ef', 'af', id='float'),
+        pytest.param('eg', 'ag', id='general'),
+    ])
+    def test_bare_approx_matches_bare_equals(self, renderer, context, equals, approx):
+        """The bare forms may only differ in the relation symbol."""
+        assert renderer.render(f'(§ m | {approx} §)', context).replace(r'\approx', '=') == \
+               renderer.render(f'(§ m | {equals} §)', context)
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("bare,suffixed", [
+        pytest.param('ag', 'ag6', id='eg'),
+        pytest.param('af', 'af6', id='ef'),
+    ])
+    def test_bare_matches_default_precision(self, renderer, context, bare, suffixed):
+        """Python's default for both 'f' and 'g' is six digits, so these coincide here."""
+        assert renderer.render(f'(§ m | {bare} §)', context) == \
+               renderer.render(f'(§ m | {suffixed} §)', context)
diff --git a/core/tests/test_quantities.py b/core/tests/test_quantities.py
index 54204bf4..b8c1ed31 100644
--- a/core/tests/test_quantities.py
+++ b/core/tests/test_quantities.py
@@ -858,10 +858,17 @@ def test_approx_matches_equals_except_operator(self, mass_mega):
         assert mass_mega.approx_float(3).replace(r'\approx', '=') == mass_mega.equals_float(3)
         assert mass_mega.approx_general(3).replace(r'\approx', '=') == mass_mega.equals_general(3)
 
-    def test_precision_is_required(self, mass_mega):
-        """Precision has no default; there is no bare/default form."""
-        with pytest.raises(TypeError):
-            mass_mega.approx_float()
+    def test_precision_is_optional(self, mass_mega):
+        """Omitting precision falls back to the bare 'f'/'g' spec, as in `format_float`."""
+        assert mass_mega.approx_float() == r'm_D \approx \qty{96.700000}{\kilo\gram}'
+        assert mass_mega.approx_general() == r'm_D \approx \qty{96.7}{\kilo\gram}'
+        assert mass_mega.equals_float() == r'm_D = \qty{96.700000}{\kilo\gram}'
+        assert mass_mega.equals_general() == r'm_D = \qty{96.7}{\kilo\gram}'
+
+    def test_explicit_none_precision_matches_omitted(self, mass_mega):
+        """`None` is the documented way to say "no precision", not an error."""
+        assert mass_mega.approx_float(None) == mass_mega.approx_float()
+        assert mass_mega.equals_general(None) == mass_mega.equals_general()
 
 
 # --- Equality semantics --------------------------------------------------

From 9d71ffbc7c41ddc725f477c8c69b40d63f5818ea Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Sun, 2 Aug 2026 18:39:06 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 45/46] Documented the pipeline, filters and quantities for
 contributors

CLAUDE.md gains a code map, the test command and the pandoc invocation; the
naboj-authoring skill references gain the approx and punctuation filters, the
math globals that do not work on quantities, currency and Celsius units,
to()/alias()/approximate(), and the constants.yaml conventions.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
---
 .claude/skills/naboj-authoring/SKILL.md       |  3 +-
 .../references/jinja-templating.md            | 74 ++++++++++++++++++-
 .../references/quantities-and-constants.md    | 51 ++++++++++++-
 CLAUDE.md                                     | 74 +++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 197 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 CLAUDE.md

diff --git a/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/SKILL.md b/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/SKILL.md
index fc0e7f88..99eb6380 100644
--- a/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/SKILL.md
+++ b/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/SKILL.md
@@ -30,7 +30,8 @@ style linter (`core/mdcheck`) runs, and pandoc converts to TeX using DGS's custo
 - Using `(§ … §)` templating, `@J set …`, math filters, `Q(…)`, `const.g`, etc. →
   `references/jinja-templating.md`.
 - Defining `values:` in meta.yaml, using `PhysicsQuantity`, `.eq`, `.approx`, `.widen`, ranges,
-  formatting filters (`|f2`, `|g3`, `|w(0.05)`) → `references/quantities-and-constants.md`.
+  formatting filters (`|f2`, `|g3`, `|ef2`, `|af2`, `|w(0.05)`) →
+  `references/quantities-and-constants.md`.
 - Using / adding custom LaTeX macros (`\Int`, `\Sum`, `\Ceil`, `\Nuclide`, `\Implies`, …) →
   `references/latex-macros.md`.
 - Style linter failures (missing spaces around `=`, `\SI` vs `\qty`, label conventions,
diff --git a/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/jinja-templating.md b/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/jinja-templating.md
index 27b2521a..3af7188d 100644
--- a/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/jinja-templating.md
+++ b/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/jinja-templating.md
@@ -84,11 +84,24 @@ digits. Apply to `PhysicsQuantity`, `QuantityRange`, `QuantityList`,
 | `|ng`, `|ng0..9`     | `\num{…}` with general precision.                         |
 | `|ef`, `|ef0..9`     | `symbol = \qty{…}` fixed. Uses `PhysicsQuantity.symbol`.  |
 | `|eg`, `|eg0..9`     | Same, general precision.                                  |
+| `|af`, `|af0..9`     | `symbol \approx \qty{…}` fixed — like `|ef` but `\approx`. |
+| `|ag`, `|ag0..9`     | Same, general precision.                                  |
 | `|mag`               | Extract raw magnitude (pint magnitude, not a string).     |
 | `|unit`              | Just the unit, formatted as `\unit{…}`.                   |
 | `|sim`               | `.simplify()` — convert to base SI units.                 |
 | `|w(value)`, `|widen(value)` | Construct a tolerance range: `x|w(0.05)` → ±5%.   |
 
+Every family exists both bare and suffixed `0`–`9`. Bare means "no precision in
+the format spec", i.e. Python's default for that kind: `f` gives six decimals
+(`\qty{96.700000}{…}`), `g` gives six significant digits with trailing zeros
+dropped (`\qty{96.7}{…}`). In practice the bare `f` forms are rarely what you
+want — reach for `|g`, `|eg`, `|ag` or an explicit precision.
+
+`|ef*` vs `|af*` is purely the relation symbol (`=` vs `\approx`); use `|af*`
+for rounded numeric results. Both read `q.symbol`, so a quantity without a
+symbol renders the literal `None` — set `symbol:` in `values:` or use
+`.alias('x')`.
+
 For a `MathObject`:
 
 | Filter        | What it does                                                     |
@@ -98,6 +111,27 @@ For a `MathObject`:
 | `|disp('.')`  | Same with trailing punctuation inside the math.                  |
 | `|align`      | `$${\n    …\n}$$ {#eq:<id>}` (aligned environment).              |
 | `|align(',')` | Same with punctuation.                                           |
+| `|dispd`, `|dispc`, `|disps`, `|dispq`, `|dispe` | Shorthands for `|disp` with `.` `,` `;` `?` `!`. |
+| `|alignd`, `|alignc`, `|aligns`, `|alignq`, `|aligne` | Ditto for `|align`.     |
+
+Mnemonic: **d**ot, **c**omma, **s**emicolon, **q**uestion mark, **e**xclamation
+mark — one suffix per member of `MathObject._INTERPUNCTION`, so the shorthands
+cover every punctuation mark the formatter accepts.
+
+The suffixed forms are `functools.partial`s with the punctuation already bound,
+so they take **no** argument: `(§ eq|dispd('.') §)` raises `TypeError`.
+They exist because `|dispc` reads better than `|disp(',')` in the middle of a
+derivation, where nearly every equation ends in a comma or a full stop.
+
+Punctuation rules, enforced in `MathObject.__format__`:
+
+- Accepted trailing punctuation is exactly `. , ; ? !`.
+- A bad trailing character after a valid base spec raises `ValueError` naming
+  the character; an unknown base spec raises `NotImplementedError`. The two are
+  deliberately distinct — the first is the common author typo.
+- `|inline` accepts no punctuation; write it after the closing `$`.
+- `disp` and `align` indent each content line by four spaces and append
+  `{#eq:<MathObject.id>}` — this is why `eq:` keys double as label names.
 
 ## Globals
 
@@ -112,7 +146,24 @@ gamma beta                     # Γ and B(x,y) = Γ(x)Γ(y)/Γ(x+y)
 pi   tau  euler                # constants
 ```
 
-These accept both raw numbers and `PhysicsQuantity` values (pint routes through).
+All of them work on raw numbers. On a `PhysicsQuantity` most are numpy ufuncs,
+which dispatch to a same-named method on the object — so **only the subset that
+`PhysicsQuantity` implements works**. Verified behaviour:
+
+| Works on a `PhysicsQuantity`                     | Raises `TypeError` / `AttributeError` |
+| ------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------- |
+| `sin cos tan asin acos atan log deg ceil floor`  | `cbrt log10 log2 exp rad atan2`       |
+| `sqrt` (implemented as `x ** 0.5`), `pow`        |                                       |
+
+The failure message is opaque (`loop of ufunc does not support argument 0 of
+type PhysicsQuantity which has no callable log10 method`). Fix by taking the
+magnitude first: `log10(x|mag)` / `log10(x.mag)`, or add the missing method to
+`core/builder/context/quantities/physics_quantity.py`. Note `deg(x)` works but
+`rad(x)` does not — asymmetric because only `.degrees()` is implemented.
+
+`sqrt` on a quantity whose unit is not a perfect square yields a fractional
+exponent: `sqrt(Q(4, 'metre'))` → `\qty{2}{\meter\tothe{0.500}}`. That is almost
+always an authoring bug; take `.mag` or fix the expression's dimensions.
 
 Constructors (short aliases in parentheses):
 
@@ -123,10 +174,31 @@ QuantityProduct(q1, q2, q3)    # (QP) combine several commensurate quantities in
 QuantityRange(lo, hi)          # (QR) build a range directly; equivalent to `lo % hi`
 ```
 
+Both the long names and the short aliases are registered, so `QR(a, b)` and
+`QuantityRange(a, b)` are the same global.
+
 `q1 % q2` and `q.widen(v)` remain the idiomatic ways to build a `QuantityRange` (see
 quantities-and-constants.md); `QR(lo, hi)` is there for when the operands aren't
 bare variables and `%` would need extra parens anyway.
 
+## Units beyond SI
+
+The pint registry lives in `core/builder/jinja.py` and is installed as pint's
+*application* registry, so every module shares it. Two local extensions:
+
+- **Currency.** `eur` is defined as its own dimension `[currency]`, with `€` and
+  `EUR` as symbols; a preprocessor rewrites a literal `€` in unit strings to
+  `EUR`. So `Q(3, 'eur')|f2` → `\qty{3.00}{\eur}` (`\eur` is declared in
+  `core/latex/siunitx.tex`). Currency is not commensurate with anything else, as
+  intended.
+- **Temperature.** `PhysicsQuantity.format_struct` rewrites pint's
+  `\degree_Celsius` → `\celsius` and `\delta_degree_Celsius` → `\dcelsius`
+  (both declared in `siunitx.tex`). Use `'degC'` for absolute temperatures and
+  `'delta_degC'` for differences. `absolute + delta` is fine
+  (`20 °C + 5 Δ°C = 25 °C`), but multiplying or dividing an absolute Celsius
+  value raises pint's `OffsetUnitCalculusError` — convert with `.to('kelvin')`
+  before doing arithmetic that scales it.
+
 ## `@J set` — the everyday case
 
 Used almost exclusively inside `preamble.md`:
diff --git a/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/quantities-and-constants.md b/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/quantities-and-constants.md
index 283f30d3..3af8f0d6 100644
--- a/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/quantities-and-constants.md
+++ b/.claude/skills/naboj-authoring/references/quantities-and-constants.md
@@ -79,11 +79,22 @@ Access via dotted attribute (inside `(§ … §)`):
 | `q.simplify()`  | Convert to base SI units.                                   |
 | `q.only_unit()` | Just the unit as `\unit{…}` (siunitx).                      |
 | `q.widen(v)`    | Return a `QuantityRange` of `[(1−v)q, (1+v)q]`.             |
+| `q.alias('x')`  | Copy of the quantity with a different symbol (keeps unit, `si_extra`, `force_f`). |
+| `q.approximate(n)` | Truly round the magnitude to `n` significant digits. Available on any quantity, not just constants — `const.g.approx` is just `approximate(digits)`. |
 
 Arithmetic operators all work: `+ - * / ** neg`. Mixed with raw numbers you get
 the expected pint behaviour. `q1 % q2` is overloaded: it constructs a
 `QuantityRange(q1, q2)` — do **not** expect Python modulo.
 
+`q.to(...)` takes a unit — a string (`q.to('cm')`), a pint unit object
+(`q.to(other.unit)`), or a pint `Quantity`. Passing a **`PhysicsQuantity`**
+(`q.to(other)`) fails with an unhelpful `AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has
+no attribute 'items'`; write `q.to(other.unit)` instead.
+
+The symbol is the one mutable part: `q.symbol = 'x'` (also `q.sym`, `q.s`)
+works, everything else is immutable. Prefer `.alias('x')` in templates, since it
+returns a value instead of a statement.
+
 ## Extra properties on `PhysicsConstant`
 
 Constants (`const.g`, `const.G`, ...) add:
@@ -133,9 +144,30 @@ aliases in constants.yaml:
 - `const.e`  → `elementary_charge`
 - `const.m_E`, `const.M_Sun`, etc.
 
-Adding a new constant: edit `core/data/constants.yaml`, keep alphabetical grouping,
-provide `symbol`, `magnitude`, `unit`, `digits`, and any `aliases`. Set `exact: true`
-if the SI defines the value exactly (planck, c, elementary charge, ...).
+Adding a new constant: edit `core/data/constants.yaml`, keep the thematic grouping
+(`### Fundamental`, `### Material`, ...), provide `symbol`, `magnitude`, `unit`,
+`digits`, and any `aliases`. Set `exact: true` if the SI defines the value exactly
+(planck, c, elementary charge, ...).
+
+Details that are easy to get wrong:
+
+- **`magnitude` should carry full known precision; `digits` is only the default
+  print precision.** Rounding belongs in `digits` / `.approx`, never in the
+  stored magnitude — that is why commits keep raising precision in place
+  (`density_water: 998 → 999.972` with `digits: 3`).
+- **Trailing zeros in the magnitude are meaningful to authors, not to Python.**
+  `1.3330` and `1.333` parse identically; the zero documents the intended
+  precision alongside `digits: 4`.
+- **`digits` defaults to 3** when omitted (`PhysicsConstant.__init__`).
+- **`unit: ~` means dimensionless** and formats via `\num{…}` instead of `\qty`.
+  Refractive indices and dimensionless coefficients use this.
+- **`exact: true` is currently metadata only.** It is stored on the constant and
+  readable as `const.x.exact`, but no formatter consumes it — don't expect it to
+  change output.
+- **`force_f: true`** makes `PhysicsConstant.format()` use `.{digits}f` instead
+  of `.{digits}g`, so the value never goes scientific. Used for `gforce`.
+- Units are pint expressions here too, and the mixed styles in the file
+  (`'metre / s^2'`, `'watt / metre squared / kelvin^4'`) all work.
 
 ## Formatting filters (summary; full list in jinja-templating.md)
 
@@ -145,6 +177,10 @@ if the SI defines the value exactly (planck, c, elementary charge, ...).
 - `|nf2`, `|ng3` — `\num{}` with precision.
 - `|ef2` — `v_0 = \qty{50.00}{...}` (uses `.symbol`).
 - `|eg3` — general precision variant.
+- `|af2`, `|ag3` — same, but with `\approx` instead of `=`.
+- All four (`|ef |eg |af |ag`) also exist bare, meaning Python's default for the
+  kind: `f` → six decimals, `g` → six significant digits. Prefer an explicit
+  precision or the `g` forms.
 - `|mag` — raw magnitude only (for further arithmetic).
 - `|unit` — just `\unit{...}`.
 - `|sim` — simplify to base units.
@@ -170,6 +206,14 @@ Format:
 
 - Formatted as `\qtyrange{lo}{hi}{unit}` (or `\numrange{}` for dimensionless).
 - Precision inherited from format spec: `|f2`, `|g3`, ...
+- `r.to('cm')` converts both endpoints (`QuantityList.to` and
+  `QuantityProduct.to` do the same for every element).
+- The constructor coerces `maximum` into `minimum`'s unit, so `QR(Q(1,'kg'),
+  Q(500,'g'))` is fine, but `minimum > maximum` after coercion raises
+  `ValueError` and incompatible units raise pint's `DimensionalityError`.
+- `si_extra` of both endpoints is `strict_merge`d (`core/utilities/dicts.py`):
+  identical assignments coalesce, conflicting ones raise `ValueError` instead of
+  silently picking one.
 
 Typical use in `answer-interval.md`:
 
@@ -189,6 +233,7 @@ If you have several commensurate values to typeset as a list:
 - All values are coerced to the first's unit; `pint` raises on incompatible units.
 - Behaves like a sequence of its (coerced) elements: `len(ql)`, `for q in ql`,
   `ql[0]`.
+- `ql.to('cm')` returns a new list with every element converted.
 - Not commonly used in Náboj; more common in scholar / seminar modules.
 - No `.widen()` — unlike a single value or a range, "widening" a list of
   arbitrary points has no single natural meaning, so it's intentionally
diff --git a/CLAUDE.md b/CLAUDE.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..95f98207
--- /dev/null
+++ b/CLAUDE.md
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+# DGS
+
+Náboj/seminar problem sources are rendered Markdown+Jinja → Markdown → TeX → PDF.
+See `.claude/skills/naboj-authoring` for the authoring format.
+
+Note `source/naboj/phys`, `source/naboj/chem` etc. are git submodules — problem
+edits are committed there, not in the parent repo.
+
+## Checking a problem
+
+Render a single file (two passes; the second expands tags that came from `eq:`):
+
+```
+uv run python -m modules.naboj.builder.renderer sk \
+    -C source/naboj/phys/29/problems/<pid>/meta.yaml \
+    [-P source/naboj/phys/29/problems/<pid>/preamble.md] \
+    source/naboj/phys/29/problems/<pid>/sk/solution.md /tmp/out.md
+```
+
+Pass `-P` only when `preamble.md` exists — the renderer errors out if it is missing.
+
+## Code layout
+
+- `core/builder/jinja.py` — the two Jinja environments and the whole filter /
+  global table. `MarkdownJinjaRenderer` is what `.md` sources see; the pint
+  registry (including the `eur`/`€` currency unit) is set up at module level.
+- `core/builder/context/quantities/` — `PhysicsQuantity`, `PhysicsConstant`
+  (`constant.py`), `QuantityRange`, `QuantityList`, `QuantityProduct`,
+  `MathObject` (`math.py`). All immutable except the symbol.
+- `core/filters/` — thin Jinja-facing wrappers (`latex.py`, `numbers.py`,
+  `hacks.py`). Most just delegate to a `PhysicsQuantity` method.
+- `core/data/constants.yaml` — physical constants; the header comment documents
+  the schema. `core/latex/*.tex` — the DGS class, macros, `siunitx` units.
+- `modules/naboj/` — Náboj-specific renderer, templates (`*.jtex`), `module.mk`.
+
+## Tests
+
+`uv run pytest` (config in `pytest.ini`, tests in `core/tests/`). The suite is
+the fast way to check anything in `core/` — it covers quantities, formatting,
+filters, the Jinja environments and `MathObject` in detail. New filters or
+quantity behaviour are expected to come with tests in the matching
+`core/tests/test_*.py`.
+
+## Pandoc
+
+`core/builder/convertor.py` calls pandoc with `--from markdown+smart --to <fmt>
+--pdf-engine xelatex --columns=200 --wrap=preserve --filter pandoc-crossref`.
+`--wrap=preserve` plus the wide `--columns` mean the rendered Markdown's line
+breaks survive into the TeX, so don't reflow rendered output to "fix" long lines.
+
+## Style checker
+
+`core/markdown-check.py <files>`. It infers the module from the *path*
+(`path.parts[1]`) and the problem id from `path.parts[5]`, so it only works on
+paths shaped `<root>/naboj/<comp>/<vol>/problems/<pid>/<lang>/<file>.md`.
+
+Run it on **rendered** output, not source. On source it reports false positives:
+`(§ eq.x|disp(',') §)` trips the "comma not followed by whitespace" rule. Labels
+and most other rules are still meaningful on source.
+
+Known checker gap: `format_general` emits Python's `e+NN`, and the "spaces around
+`+`" rule flags it (`\qty{1.737e+06}{...}`). Not an authoring error — ignore.
+
+## Editing problem text
+
+- Problem and solution prose is authored deliberately. Fix mechanical/style
+  violations; do not reword, shorten, or drop words to satisfy a checker.
+- The 120-char limit applies to the **source** line. Lines that only exceed it
+  *after* substitution are fine and should be left alone.
+- Long `eq:` entries wrap as YAML `|` block scalars — that is the idiom for
+  keeping meta.yaml under the limit.
+- Block equations belong in `meta.yaml` under `eq:`, referenced as
+  `(§ eq.<name>|disp('.') §)`. The key becomes the label, so renaming a key
+  renames `{#eq:<pid>:<key>}`.

From ddc200aea32e7f622f43af7bbbc71d4e45efa823 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Martin=20Bal=C3=A1=C5=BE?= <martin.balaz@trojsten.sk>
Date: Sun, 2 Aug 2026 19:41:50 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 46/46] Removed minted

---
 core/builder/convertor.py | 2 --
 core/latex/dgs.cls        | 3 ---
 2 files changed, 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/builder/convertor.py b/core/builder/convertor.py
index 6aa1d7ba..f54ba71c 100644
--- a/core/builder/convertor.py
+++ b/core/builder/convertor.py
@@ -231,10 +231,8 @@ def call_pandoc(self):
             "--wrap=preserve",
             "--filter", "pandoc-crossref",
             "-M", f"crossrefYaml=build/core/i18n/{self.locale_code}.yaml",
-            #"--filter", "pandoc-include",
             "-M", f"include-entry={Path(self.infile.name).parent}/",
             "-M", "rewrite-path=false",
-            "--filter", "pandoc-minted",
             "--lua-filter", "./core/filters/quotes.lua",
         ]
         if self.output_format == 'html':
diff --git a/core/latex/dgs.cls b/core/latex/dgs.cls
index 7499a8b4..eb3da119 100644
--- a/core/latex/dgs.cls
+++ b/core/latex/dgs.cls
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@
 \RequirePackage{siunitx}                                    % SI units
 \RequirePackage{xparse}
 \RequirePackage{enumitem}                                   % sets properties for itemize, enumerate, description...
-\RequirePackage{minted}                                     % nice rendering of included code
 \RequirePackage{lastpage}
 \RequirePackage{wasysym}                                    % extra symbols for planets, astrology, ...
 \RequirePackage{pdftexcmds}
@@ -91,8 +90,6 @@
 \AtBeginEnvironment{verbatim}{\setlist[trivlist]{nolistsep}}
 %\newfontfamily\arabicfont[Script=Arabic]{Scheherazade}
 
-\setminted{fontsize=\footnotesize}
-
 \definecolor{colour-url}{RGB}{0, 137, 162}
 \definecolor{colour-link}{RGB}{0, 137, 162}
 \definecolor{orange}{RGB}{255, 128, 0}