diff --git a/cpp/ffmpeg_ram/ffmpeg_ram_decode.cpp b/cpp/ffmpeg_ram/ffmpeg_ram_decode.cpp
index fdd8a27..c6b2d0f 100644
--- a/cpp/ffmpeg_ram/ffmpeg_ram_decode.cpp
+++ b/cpp/ffmpeg_ram/ffmpeg_ram_decode.cpp
@@ -197,6 +197,11 @@ class FFmpegRamDecoder {
           LOG_ERROR(std::string("hw_frames_ctx is NULL"));
           goto _exit;
         }
+        if ((sw_frame_->width != 0 || sw_frame_->height != 0) &&
+            (sw_frame_->width != frame_->width ||
+             sw_frame_->height != frame_->height)) {
+          av_frame_unref(sw_frame_);
+        }
         if ((ret = av_hwframe_transfer_data(sw_frame_, frame_, 0)) < 0) {
           LOG_ERROR(std::string("av_hwframe_transfer_data failed, ret = ") +
                     av_err2str(ret));
diff --git a/examples/decode_resolution.rs b/examples/decode_resolution.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f34a92c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/decode_resolution.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+//! Reuse each available decoder across resolution decreases and increases.
+//! Run with `cargo run --example decode_resolution --features vram -- 100`.
+//! The optional argument is the number of rounds (default: 1).
+
+use hwcodec::{
+    common::DataFormat,
+    ffmpeg_ram::decode::{DecodeContext, Decoder as RamDecoder},
+};
+use std::{env, process::ExitCode};
+
+struct Sample {
+    width: i32,
+    height: i32,
+    h264: &'static [u8],
+    h265: &'static [u8],
+}
+
+const SAMPLES: [Sample; 3] = [
+    Sample {
+        width: 640,
+        height: 360,
+        h264: include_bytes!("res/decode_resolution/360p.h264"),
+        h265: include_bytes!("res/decode_resolution/360p.h265"),
+    },
+    Sample {
+        width: 1280,
+        height: 720,
+        h264: include_bytes!("../src/res/720p.h264"),
+        h265: include_bytes!("../src/res/720p.h265"),
+    },
+    Sample {
+        width: 1920,
+        height: 1080,
+        h264: include_bytes!("res/decode_resolution/1080p.h264"),
+        h265: include_bytes!("res/decode_resolution/1080p.h265"),
+    },
+];
+
+const SEQUENCE: [usize; 4] = [1, 0, 2, 1];
+
+enum Decoder {
+    Ram(RamDecoder),
+    #[cfg(all(windows, feature = "vram"))]
+    Vram(hwcodec::vram::decode::Decoder),
+}
+
+impl Decoder {
+    fn decode(&mut self, sample: &Sample, format: DataFormat) -> Result<(), String> {
+        let packet = match format {
+            DataFormat::H264 => sample.h264,
+            DataFormat::H265 => sample.h265,
+            _ => return Err(format!("unsupported sample format: {format:?}")),
+        };
+        match self {
+            Self::Ram(decoder) => {
+                let frames = decoder.decode(packet).map_err(|e| format!("decode: {e}"))?;
+                check_dimensions(sample, frames.iter().map(|f| (f.width, f.height)))
+            }
+            #[cfg(all(windows, feature = "vram"))]
+            Self::Vram(decoder) => {
+                let frames = decoder.decode(packet).map_err(|e| format!("decode: {e}"))?;
+                if frames.iter().any(|frame| frame.texture.is_null()) {
+                    return Err("decoder returned a null texture".to_owned());
+                }
+                check_dimensions(sample, frames.iter().map(|f| (f.width, f.height)))
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn check_dimensions(
+    sample: &Sample,
+    frames: impl Iterator<Item = (i32, i32)>,
+) -> Result<(), String> {
+    let mut count = 0;
+    for (width, height) in frames {
+        if (width, height) != (sample.width, sample.height) {
+            return Err(format!(
+                "expected {}x{}, got {width}x{height}",
+                sample.width, sample.height
+            ));
+        }
+        count += 1;
+    }
+    if count != 1 {
+        return Err(format!("expected one decoded frame, got {count}"));
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn run_case(label: &str, decoder: Result<Decoder, ()>, format: DataFormat, rounds: usize) -> bool {
+    let result = decoder
+        .map_err(|_| "decoder creation failed".to_owned())
+        .and_then(|mut decoder| {
+            for round in 1..=rounds {
+                for (step, &index) in SEQUENCE.iter().enumerate() {
+                    let sample = &SAMPLES[index];
+                    decoder.decode(sample, format).map_err(|error| {
+                        format!(
+                            "round {round}, step {} ({}x{}): {error}",
+                            step + 1,
+                            sample.width,
+                            sample.height
+                        )
+                    })?;
+                }
+            }
+            Ok(())
+        });
+    match result {
+        Ok(()) => {
+            println!("PASS {label}: {rounds} rounds");
+            true
+        }
+        Err(error) => {
+            eprintln!("FAIL {label}: {error}");
+            false
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn main() -> ExitCode {
+    env_logger::Builder::from_env(env_logger::Env::default().default_filter_or("warn")).init();
+    let mut args = env::args().skip(1);
+    let rounds = match args.next() {
+        Some(value) => match value.parse::<usize>() {
+            Ok(rounds) if rounds > 0 => rounds,
+            _ => {
+                eprintln!("Usage: decode_resolution [positive number of rounds]");
+                return ExitCode::FAILURE;
+            }
+        },
+        None => 1,
+    };
+    if args.next().is_some() {
+        eprintln!("Usage: decode_resolution [positive number of rounds]");
+        return ExitCode::FAILURE;
+    }
+
+    println!("One decoder per case, {rounds} rounds, no reset between frames.");
+    println!("Sequence: 1280x720 -> 640x360 -> 1920x1080 -> 1280x720");
+    let mut total = 0;
+    let mut passed = 0;
+    for codec in RamDecoder::available_decoders() {
+        let label = format!("RAM {} {:?}", codec.name, codec.hwdevice);
+        let context = DecodeContext {
+            name: codec.name,
+            device_type: codec.hwdevice,
+            thread_count: 1,
+        };
+        total += 1;
+        passed += usize::from(run_case(
+            &label,
+            RamDecoder::new(context).map(Decoder::Ram),
+            codec.format,
+            rounds,
+        ));
+    }
+    #[cfg(all(windows, feature = "vram"))]
+    for context in hwcodec::vram::decode::available() {
+        let label = format!(
+            "VRAM {:?} {:?} LUID={} {:?}",
+            context.driver, context.vendor, context.luid, context.data_format
+        );
+        let format = context.data_format;
+        total += 1;
+        passed += usize::from(run_case(
+            &label,
+            hwcodec::vram::decode::Decoder::new(context).map(Decoder::Vram),
+            format,
+            rounds,
+        ));
+    }
+    #[cfg(all(windows, not(feature = "vram")))]
+    println!("VRAM enumeration requires --features vram.");
+
+    println!("Result: {passed}/{total} decoder configurations passed.");
+    if total > 0 && passed == total {
+        ExitCode::SUCCESS
+    } else {
+        ExitCode::FAILURE
+    }
+}
diff --git a/examples/res/decode_resolution/1080p.h264 b/examples/res/decode_resolution/1080p.h264
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1164220
Binary files /dev/null and b/examples/res/decode_resolution/1080p.h264 differ
diff --git a/examples/res/decode_resolution/1080p.h265 b/examples/res/decode_resolution/1080p.h265
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..27298d7
Binary files /dev/null and b/examples/res/decode_resolution/1080p.h265 differ
diff --git a/examples/res/decode_resolution/360p.h264 b/examples/res/decode_resolution/360p.h264
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3c616d9
Binary files /dev/null and b/examples/res/decode_resolution/360p.h264 differ
diff --git a/examples/res/decode_resolution/360p.h265 b/examples/res/decode_resolution/360p.h265
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..486058a
Binary files /dev/null and b/examples/res/decode_resolution/360p.h265 differ