Merge main into PR 125229; address review feedback on hash() docstring

Merges current upstream main into the branch (the PR had gone stale since
Oct 2024) and rewords the hash() builtin docstring to incorporate review
comments from @JelleZijlstra, @ncoghlan, @nedbat, and others:

- Drop "within this process" from the first sentence (Jelle, ncoghlan):
  the process caveat is still stated plainly in the body, so the first-line
  qualifier is redundant.
- Drop the "dict and set hash tables" sentence (Jelle, ncoghlan):
  implementation details of built-in containers don't belong in the user-
  facing docstring for hash().
- Add the "Not all objects are hashable; ... raises TypeError" note
  (Jelle's suggestion, phrasing informed by ncoghlan's rewrite).
- Keep the original "equal => same hash, but not the reverse" formulation,
  which is what the Python data model documents.
- Do not add a cryptographic warning (sobolevn raised the question but also
  flagged that such warnings can encourage misuse).

https://claude.ai/code/session_01UumhMLqHB8fqUuNWsC8RCe

Author: gpshead

.azure-pipelines/ci.yml

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-trigger: ['main', '3.13', '3.12', '3.11', '3.10', '3.9', '3.8']
+trigger: ['main', '3.*']
 
 jobs:
 - job: Prebuild
   displayName: Pre-build checks
 
   pool:
-    vmImage: ubuntu-22.04
+    vmImage: ubuntu-24.04
 
   steps:
   - template: ./prebuild-checks.yml

.devcontainer/devcontainer.json

@@ -1,13 +1,10 @@
 {
-    "image": "ghcr.io/python/devcontainer:2024.09.25.11038928730",
+    "image": "ghcr.io/python/devcontainer:latest",
     "onCreateCommand": [
         // Install common tooling.
         "dnf",
         "install",
         "-y",
-        "which",
-        "zsh",
-        "fish",
         // For umask fix below.
         "/usr/bin/setfacl"
     ],

.devcontainer/wasi/devcontainer.json

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+{
+    "image": "ghcr.io/python/wasicontainer:latest",
+    "onCreateCommand": [
+        // Install common tooling.
+        "dnf",
+        "install",
+        "-y",
+        // For umask fix below.
+        "/usr/bin/setfacl"
+    ],
+    "updateContentCommand": {
+        // Using the shell for `nproc` usage.
+        "python": "python3 Tools/wasm/wasi build --quiet -- --with-pydebug -C"
+    },
+    "postCreateCommand": {
+        // https://github.com/orgs/community/discussions/26026
+        "umask fix: workspace": ["sudo", "setfacl", "-bnR", "."],
+        "umask fix: /tmp": ["sudo", "setfacl", "-bnR", "/tmp"]
+    },
+    "customizations": {
+        "vscode": {
+            "extensions": [
+                // Highlighting for Parser/Python.asdl.
+                "brettcannon.zephyr-asdl",
+                // Highlighting for configure.ac.
+                "maelvalais.autoconf",
+                // C auto-complete.
+                "ms-vscode.cpptools",
+                // Python auto-complete.
+                "ms-python.python"
+            ],
+            "settings": {
+                "C_Cpp.default.compilerPath": "/usr/bin/clang",
+                "C_Cpp.default.cStandard": "c11",
+                "C_Cpp.default.defines": [
+                    "CONFIG_64",
+                    "Py_BUILD_CORE"
+                ],
+                "C_Cpp.default.includePath": [
+                    "${workspaceFolder}/*",
+                    "${workspaceFolder}/Include/**"
+                ],
+                // https://github.com/microsoft/vscode-cpptools/issues/10732
+                "C_Cpp.errorSquiggles": "disabled",
+                "editor.insertSpaces": true,
+                "editor.rulers": [
+                    80
+                ],
+                "editor.tabSize": 4,
+                "editor.trimAutoWhitespace": true,
+                "files.associations": {
+                    "*.h": "c"
+                },
+                "files.encoding": "utf8",
+                "files.eol": "\n",
+                "files.insertFinalNewline": true,
+                "files.trimTrailingWhitespace": true,
+                "python.analysis.diagnosticSeverityOverrides": {
+                    // Complains about shadowing the stdlib w/ the stdlib.
+                    "reportShadowedImports": "none",
+                    // Doesn't like _frozen_importlib.
+                    "reportMissingImports": "none"
+                },
+                "python.analysis.extraPaths": [
+                    "Lib"
+                ],
+                "[restructuredtext]": {
+                    "editor.tabSize": 3
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

.editorconfig

@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
 root = true
 
-[*.{py,c,cpp,h,js,rst,md,yml}]
+[*.{py,c,cpp,h,js,rst,md,yml,yaml,gram}]
 trim_trailing_whitespace = true
 insert_final_newline = true
 indent_style = space
 
-[*.{py,c,cpp,h}]
+[*.{py,c,cpp,h,gram}]
 indent_size = 4
 
 [*.rst]
 indent_size = 3
 
-[*.{js,yml}]
+[*.{js,yml,yaml}]
 indent_size = 2

.gitattributes

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 *.ico binary
 *.jpg binary
 *.pck binary
+*.pdf binary
 *.png binary
 *.psd binary
 *.tar binary
@@ -67,6 +68,8 @@ PCbuild/readme.txt  dos
 **/clinic/*.cpp.h                                   generated
 **/clinic/*.h.h                                     generated
 *_db.h                                              generated
+Doc/_static/tachyon-example-*.html                  generated
+Doc/c-api/lifecycle.dot.svg                         generated
 Doc/data/stable_abi.dat                             generated
 Doc/library/token-list.inc                          generated
 Include/internal/pycore_ast.h                       generated
@@ -80,13 +83,19 @@ Include/opcode.h                                    generated
 Include/opcode_ids.h                                generated
 Include/token.h                                     generated
 Lib/_opcode_metadata.py                             generated
+Lib/idlelib/help.html                               generated
 Lib/keyword.py                                      generated
+Lib/pydoc_data/topics.py                            generated
+Lib/pydoc_data/module_docs.py                       generated
 Lib/test/certdata/*.pem                             generated
 Lib/test/certdata/*.0                               generated
 Lib/test/levenshtein_examples.json                  generated
 Lib/test/test_stable_abi_ctypes.py                  generated
+Lib/test/test_zoneinfo/data/*.json                  generated
 Lib/token.py                                        generated
 Misc/sbom.spdx.json                                 generated
+Modules/_testinternalcapi/test_cases.c.h            generated
+Modules/_testinternalcapi/test_targets.h            generated
 Objects/typeslots.inc                               generated
 PC/python3dll.c                                     generated
 Parser/parser.c                                     generated
@@ -97,7 +106,9 @@ Python/executor_cases.c.h                           generated
 Python/generated_cases.c.h                          generated
 Python/optimizer_cases.c.h                          generated
 Python/opcode_targets.h                             generated
+Python/record_functions.c.h                         generated
 Python/stdlib_module_names.h                        generated
 Tools/peg_generator/pegen/grammar_parser.py         generated
 aclocal.m4                                          generated
 configure                                           generated
+*.min.js                                            generated