@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+---
+'@objectstack/spec': minor
+'@objectstack/lint': minor
+---
+
+feat(spec,lint)!: a permission set can no longer declare `allowDelete: false` beside `modifyAllRecords: true`
+
+`modifyAllRecords` (Modify All Records) is the write bypass for edit, delete and transfer, as Salesforce's Modify All is. The permission evaluator grants delete on the bypass bit and never reads `allowDelete`, so an object-permission entry declaring `allowDelete: false` beside it parsed, was stored, and let its holder delete every record. The runtime does not change. What changes is what an author can write:
+
+- `ObjectPermissionSchema` refuses an explicit `allowDelete: false` in an entry that sets `modifyAllRecords: true`, with one `custom` issue at `objects.<object>.allowDelete` (the wildcard `*` entry included). The message names the route for "edit every record, delete none".
+- An entry that sets `modifyAllRecords: true` and omits `allowDelete` now parses to `allowDelete: true` instead of `false`. That is what the evaluator already granted, and it keeps the parse idempotent: the output of `definePermissionSet` still parses when `defineStack`, a build or a save parses it again.
+- `os lint` reports the pair as `security-modify-all-delete-withheld` (error) on a raw config that has not been through the schema. `os explain security-modify-all-delete-withheld` prints the route.
+- The response-side `EffectiveObjectPermissionSchema` is unchanged and still accepts the pair.
+
+"Edit every record, delete none" is a `criteria` sharing rule with `accessLevel: 'edit'` shared with the position that holds the set, beside `allowEdit: true` and `allowDelete: false` with no `modifyAllRecords`. An edit share opens update and never delete (ADR-0111 D3). The object needs an owner field and an owner-write default (`private` or `public_read`), and the rule's `condition` must be a field predicate every row satisfies, such as `record.id != ''`: a literal `true` lowers to an empty filter, which the sharing service never serves (it logs the rule as not served at boot).
+
+Stored rows and older built artifacts: every earlier parse filled an omitted `allowDelete` with `false`, so the pair also sits where nobody wrote it. The ADR-0087 D2 conversion `permission-modify-all-allow-delete-false-to-true` rewrites it to `true` when a stored row is rehydrated and when a built artifact inside its declared-floor window is loaded. That changes no access decision. It is retired from the load path, so a source that still declares the pair is refused, not rewritten. The D3 entry `permission-modify-all-allow-delete-false-refused` carries the judgment for `os migrate meta`.
+
+Clause-②: no (narrowing) — the object-permission schema refuses a shape it used to accept (`allowDelete: false` beside `modifyAllRecords: true`). Nothing is widened.
+
+Metadata-protocol: narrowed (an object-permission entry may no longer declare `allowDelete: false` beside `modifyAllRecords: true`)
+
+Ruling-ref: 6377890121 (letter A, under 6377842908); retriage 6382861731
+
+<!-- adr-0087: registered permission-modify-all-allow-delete-false-refused, permission-modify-all-allow-delete-false-to-true -->
+
+**BREAKING** for an author who declared the pair.
+
+- **Before.** `{ allowEdit: true, allowDelete: false, modifyAllRecords: true }` parsed, and the holder could delete every record.
+- **Now.** The entry is refused at `objects.<object>.allowDelete`.
+- **Fix.** If the set should delete every record, delete `allowDelete` from the entry. If it should edit records it does not own but delete none, remove `modifyAllRecords` and add a sharing rule: `{ type: 'criteria', name, object, condition: "record.id != ''", accessLevel: 'edit', sharedWith: { type: 'position', value: '<position>' } }`.
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ objects: {
 | `allowDelete` | Soft-delete records |
 | `allowTransfer` | Transfer record ownership |
 | `viewAllRecords` | View all records regardless of sharing rules |
-| `modifyAllRecords` | Edit all records regardless of sharing rules |
+| `modifyAllRecords` | Edit and delete all records regardless of sharing rules; `allowDelete: false` beside it is refused |
 
 > **Retired:** the former `allowRestore` / `allowPurge` keys were removed
 > (#12497, ADR-0049) — the `restore` / `purge` operations they claimed to gate
 
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ export const SalesUser = definePermissionSet({
 | `allowExport` | Bulk data egress — an opt-in grant on top of read, see below |
 | `allowTransfer` | Lifecycle class: change record ownership — enforced today via the `owner_id` guard (#3004). The former `allowRestore` / `allowPurge` keys were retired (#12497, ADR-0049 — the operations they claimed to gate do not exist yet) and return with the M2 lifecycle batch (#1883) |
 | `viewAllRecords` | Read ALL records regardless of ownership (super-user read) |
-| `modifyAllRecords` | Edit ALL records regardless of ownership (super-user write) |
+| `modifyAllRecords` | Edit and delete ALL records regardless of ownership (super-user write); `allowDelete: false` beside it is refused |
 
 ### `allowExport` — the export axis
 
 
@@ -30,6 +30,12 @@ ObjectStack's `ObjectPermission` schema defines these boolean flags for object a
 <Callout type="tip">
 **Super-user bypass:** When `modifyAllRecords` is set it satisfies write checks (`allowEdit`/`allowDelete`, and the lifecycle bit `allowTransfer`) on any record; `viewAllRecords` (or `modifyAllRecords`) satisfies `allowRead` on any record — both bypass ownership and sharing. See `packages/plugins/plugin-security/src/permission-evaluator.ts`.
 
+**Modify All includes delete.** An entry that sets `modifyAllRecords: true` and
+omits `allowDelete` parses to `allowDelete: true`, and an explicit
+`allowDelete: false` beside it is refused at `objects.<object>.allowDelete`,
+because the evaluator would never read it. To let a set edit every record but
+delete none, use the [edit-share recipe](/docs/permissions/sharing-rules#recipe--edit-every-record-delete-none).
+
 **The one exception is `allowExport`.** Neither super-user bit confers it: a
 principal with View/Modify All Data may read every record and still be refused a
 bulk copy of them. Export is an opt-in grant that must be stated explicitly —
 
@@ -347,6 +347,55 @@ grants it had issued rather than re-granting the whole object. If you really
 do want everyone to read every record of an object, that is the object's
 organization-wide default (`sharingModel`), not a sharing rule.
 
+The gate judges the **lowered filter**, not the intent. A literal
+`condition: 'true'` lowers to an empty filter, so the rule is not served (a
+declared rule is logged at boot as `match-all-criteria`). A field predicate
+that every row happens to satisfy, such as `record.id != ''`, is an ordinary
+rule and is served. Use one only where the OWD would grant too much, as in the
+recipe below.
+
+### Recipe — edit every record, delete none
+
+`modifyAllRecords` cannot express this: Modify All Records includes delete, and
+the schema refuses `allowDelete: false` beside `modifyAllRecords: true`. A
+sharing rule can, because an `edit` share opens update and never delete
+(ADR-0111 D3). On a `public_read` object whose rows an administrator owns:
+
+```typescript
+// The permission set: edit and read, no Modify All, delete withheld.
+objects: {
+  srm_material: { allowRead: true, allowCreate: false, allowEdit: true, allowDelete: false },
+},
+
+// The position distributes the set; the rule shares every row with it at `edit`.
+definePosition({ name: 'srm_buyer', label: 'Buyer', permissionSets: ['srm_buyer_set'] });
+
+defineSharingRule({
+  type: 'criteria',
+  name: 'srm_material_edit_buyers',
+  object: 'srm_material',
+  condition: "record.id != ''",
+  accessLevel: 'edit',
+  sharedWith: { type: 'position', value: 'srm_buyer' },
+});
+```
+
+Measured on a booted in-process stack (`@objectstack/verify`): a member who
+holds `srm_buyer` updates a row the administrator owns, and their delete of
+that row is refused `403 PERMISSION_DENIED`; a row inserted after the rule is
+shared the same way; holding the position without a served rule, the same
+update is refused at the record. The rule's grants follow the position's
+holders and the object's writes, so nobody re-runs it by hand. Field-level
+security narrows which fields the edit may touch.
+
+Three conditions, each one a reason the share would enforce nothing:
+
+- The object needs an **owner field** and an owner-write OWD (`private` or
+  `public_read`). Under `public_read_write` every member with `allowEdit`
+  already edits every row, so the share adds nothing.
+- The condition must be a **field predicate** (see above).
+- The permission set still grants `allowEdit`; a share widens rows, never verbs.
+
 > **Retired shapes.** The pre-ADR-0090 `group` recipient was renamed to
 > `team`, and the `guest` recipient was removed — anonymous access is served
 > by the [public-form grant](/docs/permissions/authorization) and share
 
@@ -1196,7 +1196,7 @@ This schema accepts one of the following structures:
 | **allowRestore** | `never` | optional | [REMOVED] `objects.<object>.allowRestore` was removed in @objectstack/spec 17 (ADR-0049) — the `restore` ObjectQL operation it claimed to gate has never shipped (roadmap M2), so granting the bit delivered nothing. Delete the key — a dispatched `restore` stays denied fail-closed by the permission evaluator's destructive-operation backstop, and the bit returns with the M2 lifecycle initiative alongside the operation it gates. Run `os migrate meta --from 17` to list the mechanical edits for existing sources; `--write` applies the ones it can prove, and you apply the rest by hand. |
 | **allowPurge** | `never` | optional | [REMOVED] `objects.<object>.allowPurge` was removed in @objectstack/spec 17 (ADR-0049) — the `purge` ObjectQL operation it claimed to gate has never shipped (roadmap M2), so granting the bit delivered nothing (a compliance/GDPR erase the author believed was permission-locked was not — the operation itself does not exist). Delete the key — a dispatched `purge` stays denied fail-closed by the permission evaluator's destructive-operation backstop, and the bit returns with the M2 lifecycle initiative alongside the operation it gates. Run `os migrate meta --from 17` to list the mechanical edits for existing sources; `--write` applies the ones it can prove, and you apply the rest by hand. |
 | **viewAllRecords** | `boolean` | optional (default: `false`) | View All Data (Bypass Sharing) |
-| **modifyAllRecords** | `boolean` | optional (default: `false`) | Modify All Data (Bypass Sharing) — bypasses sharing rules and ownership on the objects record sharing enforces on; on an object with NO owner field sharing abstains, so the platform created_by write floor still applies. |
+| **modifyAllRecords** | `boolean` | optional (default: `false`) | Modify All Data (Bypass Sharing) — bypasses sharing rules and ownership on the objects record sharing enforces on; on an object with NO owner field sharing abstains, so the platform created_by write floor still applies. Includes delete: an omitted allowDelete parses to true, and an explicit allowDelete: false beside it is refused. |
 | **readScope** | `Enum<'own' \| 'own_and_reports' \| 'unit' \| 'unit_and_below' \| 'org'>` | optional | [ADR-0057 D1] Read depth: own\|unit\|unit_and_below\|org |
 | **writeScope** | `Enum<'own' \| 'own_and_reports' \| 'unit' \| 'unit_and_below' \| 'org'>` | optional | [ADR-0057 D1] Write depth: own\|unit\|unit_and_below\|org |
 | **apiOperations** | `Enum<'get' \| 'list' \| 'create' \| 'update' \| 'delete' \| 'upsert' \| 'bulk' \| …>[]` | optional | Server-resolved effective API operations for this object. Present only when the object tightens exposure via apiMethods; absent = default-allow. The frontend renders this effective set, never the raw whitelist. Vocabulary is the EFFECTIVE ApiOperation set (six primitives + eight derived verbs), not the authored six-value ApiMethod enum. |
@@ -1648,7 +1648,7 @@ One changed key path of the pending draft, and the last write that changed it.
 | **allowRestore** | `never` | optional | [REMOVED] `objects.<object>.allowRestore` was removed in @objectstack/spec 17 (ADR-0049) — the `restore` ObjectQL operation it claimed to gate has never shipped (roadmap M2), so granting the bit delivered nothing. Delete the key — a dispatched `restore` stays denied fail-closed by the permission evaluator's destructive-operation backstop, and the bit returns with the M2 lifecycle initiative alongside the operation it gates. Run `os migrate meta --from 17` to list the mechanical edits for existing sources; `--write` applies the ones it can prove, and you apply the rest by hand. |
 | **allowPurge** | `never` | optional | [REMOVED] `objects.<object>.allowPurge` was removed in @objectstack/spec 17 (ADR-0049) — the `purge` ObjectQL operation it claimed to gate has never shipped (roadmap M2), so granting the bit delivered nothing (a compliance/GDPR erase the author believed was permission-locked was not — the operation itself does not exist). Delete the key — a dispatched `purge` stays denied fail-closed by the permission evaluator's destructive-operation backstop, and the bit returns with the M2 lifecycle initiative alongside the operation it gates. Run `os migrate meta --from 17` to list the mechanical edits for existing sources; `--write` applies the ones it can prove, and you apply the rest by hand. |
 | **viewAllRecords** | `boolean` | optional (default: `false`) | View All Data (Bypass Sharing) |
-| **modifyAllRecords** | `boolean` | optional (default: `false`) | Modify All Data (Bypass Sharing) — bypasses sharing rules and ownership on the objects record sharing enforces on; on an object with NO owner field sharing abstains, so the platform created_by write floor still applies. |
+| **modifyAllRecords** | `boolean` | optional (default: `false`) | Modify All Data (Bypass Sharing) — bypasses sharing rules and ownership on the objects record sharing enforces on; on an object with NO owner field sharing abstains, so the platform created_by write floor still applies. Includes delete: an omitted allowDelete parses to true, and an explicit allowDelete: false beside it is refused. |
 | **readScope** | `Enum<'own' \| 'own_and_reports' \| 'unit' \| 'unit_and_below' \| 'org'>` | optional | [ADR-0057 D1] Read depth: own\|unit\|unit_and_below\|org |
 | **writeScope** | `Enum<'own' \| 'own_and_reports' \| 'unit' \| 'unit_and_below' \| 'org'>` | optional | [ADR-0057 D1] Write depth: own\|unit\|unit_and_below\|org |