@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+---
+'@objectstack/plugin-security': patch
+---
+
+fix(plugin-security): a row-level `check` judges a `date`, `datetime` or `time` column as the row will be stored, so the write and the read the same policy scopes give one answer for one row (#21109)
+
+Clause-②: no
+
+The write check evaluates the compiled `check` filter in-process against the write's post-image. That image held each value as the caller or a hook wrote it, while the read compares the value the driver stored, in its column's storage form, against a comparand put into the same form. On a temporal column the two forms differ, so one row could get two answers. Measured through `ObjectQL.insert` with `SecurityPlugin` on SQLite, as a member resolving a permission set, with the same predicate as `using` and `check`:
+
+| `check` | written | write, before | stored | read |
+|---|---|---|---|---|
+| `record.due_on == '2026-01-05'` | `'2026-01-05T15:00:00Z'`, or a `Date` on that day | 403 | `2026-01-05` | shown |
+| `record.start_time == '09:00'` | `'09:00:00'` | 403 | `09:00:00` | shown |
+| `record.due_at == '2026-01-05T10:00:00Z'` | `'2026-01-05T18:00:00+08:00'` | 403 | `2026-01-05T10:00:00.000Z` | shown |
+| `record.due_on > '2026-01-05'` | `'2026-01-05T15:00:00Z'` | admitted | `2026-01-05` | hidden |
+
+Now, before the check is judged, every column the object declares `date`, `datetime` or `time` is put into `@objectstack/core`'s `temporalStorageForm`, the rule the drivers write and compare those columns by. That applies to the post-image's value and to the check's value comparands on the column (`$eq`, `$ne`, the orderings, `$in`, `$nin`, `$between`). The first three rows above are now admitted. The last is now refused, which is the read/write agreement this change buys: the read never showed that row, so a write that stores a day the predicate excludes is no longer admitted on the strength of the time of day it was sent with. Every insert, by-id update and predicate update takes the same step.
+
+Unchanged: a column the object does not declare temporal is judged as written, whatever its value looks like; an object whose schema cannot be loaded is judged as before; a value the storage rule cannot read is judged as written; and refusals keep their code and status (`PERMISSION_DENIED` / 403).
@@ -0,0 +1,288 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 ObjectStack. Licensed under the Apache-2.0 license.
+
+/**
+ * [#21109, ruling A] The row-level write `check` judges a `date`, `datetime` or
+ * `time` column in its STORED form, so the write and the read the same policy
+ * scopes give one answer for one row.
+ *
+ * Driven through the real engine, the real plugin and two SQL driver families,
+ * as a member who resolves a permission set. Each cell writes one value under a
+ * policy whose `using` and `check` are the same predicate, then asks the read:
+ * the write is admitted exactly when the read shows the row that value is
+ * stored as. Measured on `main` before the step (`rls-check-stored-form.ts`):
+ *
+ * | `check` | written | write, before | stored | read |
+ * |---|---|---|---|---|
+ * | `record.due_on == '2026-01-05'` | `'2026-01-05T15:00:00Z'`, a `Date` | 403 | `2026-01-05` | shown |
+ * | `record.due_on > '2026-01-05'` | `'2026-01-05T15:00:00Z'` | admitted | `2026-01-05` | hidden |
+ * | `record.start_time == '09:00'` | `'09:00:00'` | 403 | `09:00:00` | shown |
+ * | `record.due_at == '2026-01-05T10:00:00Z'` | `'2026-01-05T18:00:00+08:00'` | 403 | `2026-01-05T10:00:00.000Z` | shown |
+ *
+ * ## formula's whole-day copy is out of reach here
+ *
+ * `@objectstack/formula`'s matcher carries its own copy of the whole-day upper
+ * bound (a bare-day `$lte` read as "through that day"), which today is what
+ * admits a `due_on` written as an instant or a `Date` on the boundary day under
+ * `record.due_on <= '2026-01-05'`. Ruling A retires that copy once the check
+ * judges the stored form, so these cells must pass WITHOUT it: the matcher is
+ * wrapped so a `$lte` reaches it as `$lt` or `$eq`, and a `$between` as `$gte`
+ * plus that, and the copy never runs. The first cell pins that the wrapper is
+ * live.
+ */
+
+import { describe, it, expect, afterEach, vi } from 'vitest';
+// The mocked module (see `vi.mock` below), loaded at module top.
+import { matchesFilterCondition } from '@objectstack/formula';
+import { ObjectQL } from '@objectstack/objectql';
+import { SqlDriver } from '@objectstack/driver-sql';
+import { SqliteWasmDriver } from '@objectstack/driver-sqlite-wasm';
+import { PermissionSetSchema } from '@objectstack/spec/security';
+import { SecurityPlugin } from './security-plugin.js';
+import { defaultPermissionSets } from './objects/default-permission-sets.js';
+import { declaredTemporalColumns, storedFormCheckFilter, storedFormImage } from './rls-check-stored-form.js';
+
+/** A plain object — a filter node or an operator map. */
+function isPlain(value: unknown): value is Record<string, unknown> {
+  return value !== null && typeof value === 'object' && !Array.isArray(value)
+    && Object.getPrototypeOf(value) === Object.prototype;
+}
+
+/** `$lte` as `$lt` or `$eq`, so the matcher's whole-day copy is never reached. */
+const plainLte = (column: string, bound: unknown) => ({
+  $or: [{ [column]: { $lt: bound } }, { [column]: { $eq: bound } }],
+});
+
+/** The filter with every `$lte` and `$between` spelled without the operators the copy serves. */
+function withoutWholeDayCopy(node: unknown): unknown {
+  if (!isPlain(node)) return node;
+  const conjuncts: unknown[] = [];
+  for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(node)) {
+    if ((key === '$and' || key === '$or') && Array.isArray(value)) {
+      conjuncts.push({ [key]: value.map(withoutWholeDayCopy) });
+    } else if (key === '$not') {
+      conjuncts.push({ $not: withoutWholeDayCopy(value) });
+    } else if (key.startsWith('$') || !isPlain(value) || !('$lte' in value || '$between' in value)) {
+      conjuncts.push({ [key]: value });
+    } else {
+      const { $lte, $between, ...rest } = value;
+      if (Object.keys(rest).length > 0) conjuncts.push({ [key]: rest });
+      if ($lte !== undefined) conjuncts.push(plainLte(key, $lte));
+      if (Array.isArray($between)) conjuncts.push({ [key]: { $gte: $between[0] } }, plainLte(key, $between[1]));
+    }
+  }
+  return conjuncts.length === 1 ? conjuncts[0] : { $and: conjuncts };
+}
+
+vi.mock('@objectstack/formula', async (importOriginal) => {
+  const real = await importOriginal<typeof import('@objectstack/formula')>();
+  return {
+    ...real,
+    matchesFilterCondition: ((record, filter, options) =>
+      real.matchesFilterCondition(record, withoutWholeDayCopy(filter) as never, options)) as typeof real.matchesFilterCondition,
+  };
+});
+
+const SYS_CTX = { isSystem: true, userId: 'usr_system' };
+const MEMBER_DEFAULT = defaultPermissionSets.find((p) => p.name === 'member_default')!;
+
+type Driver = { disconnect?: () => Promise<void> };
+const DRIVERS: Array<[name: string, make: () => Driver]> = [
+  ['driver-sql (better-sqlite3)', () =>
+    new SqlDriver({ client: 'better-sqlite3', connection: { filename: ':memory:' }, useNullAsDefault: true })],
+  ['driver-sqlite-wasm', () => new SqliteWasmDriver({ filename: ':memory:' })],
+];
+
+const booted: ObjectQL[] = [];
+afterEach(async () => {
+  while (booted.length) {
+    try { await booted.pop()!.destroy(); } catch { /* noop */ }
+  }
+});
+
+let seq = 0;
+/** One engine and plugin, with ONE policy whose `using` and `check` are the same predicate. */
+async function boot(makeDriver: () => Driver, predicate: string) {
+  const OBJ = `qa_due_stored_${process.pid}_${++seq}`;
+  const engine = new ObjectQL();
+  engine.registerDriver(makeDriver() as never, true);
+  await engine.init();
+  engine.registerApp({
+    id: `com.objectstack.qa.rls-check-stored-form-${seq}`,
+    name: 'RLS check stored form',
+    version: '1.0.0',
+    type: 'plugin',
+    scope: 'system',
+    objects: [
+      {
+        name: OBJ,
+        label: 'Duty',
+        sharingModel: 'public_read_write',
+        fields: {
+          id: { name: 'id', type: 'text', primaryKey: true },
+          title: { name: 'title', type: 'text' },
+          due_on: { name: 'due_on', type: 'date' },
+          due_at: { name: 'due_at', type: 'datetime' },
+          start_time: { name: 'start_time', type: 'time' },
+        },
+      },
+    ],
+  } as never);
+  await engine.syncSchemas();
+  booted.push(engine);
+
+  const set = PermissionSetSchema.parse({
+    name: 'qa_due_guard',
+    objects: { [OBJ]: { allowRead: true, allowCreate: true, allowEdit: true, allowDelete: true } },
+    rowLevelSecurity: [{ name: 'due_guard', object: OBJ, operation: 'all', using: predicate, check: predicate }],
+  });
+  const services: Record<string, unknown> = {
+    manifest: { register: vi.fn() },
+    objectql: engine,
+    metadata: {
+      get: async (_type: string, name: string) => engine.getSchema(name) ?? null,
+      list: async () => [MEMBER_DEFAULT, set],
+    },
+  };
+  const ctx = {
+    logger: { info: vi.fn(), warn: vi.fn(), error: vi.fn(), debug: vi.fn() },
+    registerService: vi.fn(),
+    getService: (name: string) => {
+      if (!(name in services)) throw new Error(`service not registered: ${name}`);
+      return services[name];
+    },
+  };
+  const plugin = new SecurityPlugin({ fallbackPermissionSet: 'member_default' });
+  await plugin.init(ctx as never);
+  await plugin.start(ctx as never);
+  vi.spyOn((engine as unknown as { logger: { warn: () => void } }).logger, 'warn').mockImplementation(() => undefined);
+
+  const caller = { userId: 'usr_member', positions: ['qa_pos'], permissions: [set.name], posture: 'MEMBER' };
+  const storedRow = async (id: string) =>
+    ((await engine.find(OBJ, { where: { id }, context: SYS_CTX } as never)) as Array<Record<string, unknown>>)[0];
+  const shownTo = async (id: string) =>
+    ((await engine.find(OBJ, { where: { id }, context: caller } as never)) as unknown[]).length > 0;
+  return { OBJ, engine, caller, storedRow, shownTo };
+}
+
+type Envelope = { code: string; status: number };
+const DENIED: Envelope = { code: 'PERMISSION_DENIED', status: 403 };
+const envelopeOf = (e: unknown): Envelope => {
+  const x = e as { code?: string; status?: number; statusCode?: number };
+  return { code: String(x?.code), status: Number(x?.statusCode ?? x?.status) };
+};
+const outcome = (p: Promise<unknown>): Promise<'admitted' | Envelope> =>
+  p.then(() => 'admitted' as const, (e: unknown) => envelopeOf(e));
+
+const show = (v: unknown): string => (v instanceof Date ? `Date(${v.toISOString()})` : JSON.stringify(v));
+
+type Cell = { predicate: string; column: string; value: unknown; stored: unknown; admitted: boolean };
+const CELLS: Cell[] = [
+  // `date`, the boundary day under a bare-day `$lte`: the three ways an SDK writes it.
+  { predicate: "record.due_on <= '2026-01-05'", column: 'due_on', value: '2026-01-05T15:00:00Z', stored: '2026-01-05', admitted: true },
+  { predicate: "record.due_on <= '2026-01-05'", column: 'due_on', value: new Date('2026-01-05T15:00:00Z'), stored: '2026-01-05', admitted: true },
+  { predicate: "record.due_on <= '2026-01-05'", column: 'due_on', value: '2026-01-05', stored: '2026-01-05', admitted: true },
+  { predicate: "record.due_on <= '2026-01-05'", column: 'due_on', value: '2026-01-06T01:00:00Z', stored: '2026-01-06', admitted: false },
+  // `date` equality: refused before for an instant or a `Date` on the day.
+  { predicate: "record.due_on == '2026-01-05'", column: 'due_on', value: '2026-01-05T15:00:00Z', stored: '2026-01-05', admitted: true },
+  { predicate: "record.due_on == '2026-01-05'", column: 'due_on', value: new Date('2026-01-05T15:00:00Z'), stored: '2026-01-05', admitted: true },
+  { predicate: "record.due_on == '2026-01-05'", column: 'due_on', value: '2026-01-06', stored: '2026-01-06', admitted: false },
+  // `date`, strictly after the day: ADMITTED before, while the read hid the stored day.
+  { predicate: "record.due_on > '2026-01-05'", column: 'due_on', value: '2026-01-05T15:00:00Z', stored: '2026-01-05', admitted: false },
+  // `datetime`: one instant in two zones, and a comparand the policy spells unlike the stored form.
+  { predicate: "record.due_at == '2026-01-05T10:00:00Z'", column: 'due_at', value: '2026-01-05T18:00:00+08:00', stored: '2026-01-05T10:00:00.000Z', admitted: true },
+  { predicate: "record.due_at == '2026-01-05T10:00:00Z'", column: 'due_at', value: '2026-01-05T10:00:01Z', stored: '2026-01-05T10:00:01.000Z', admitted: false },
+  { predicate: "record.due_at >= '2026-01-05T10:00:00Z'", column: 'due_at', value: '2026-01-05T10:00:00Z', stored: '2026-01-05T10:00:00.000Z', admitted: true },
+  // `time`: a wall clock written with and without seconds.
+  { predicate: "record.start_time == '09:00'", column: 'start_time', value: '09:00:00', stored: '09:00:00', admitted: true },
+  { predicate: "record.start_time == '09:00'", column: 'start_time', value: '09:00', stored: '09:00:00', admitted: true },
+  { predicate: "record.start_time == '09:00'", column: 'start_time', value: '09:01', stored: '09:01:00', admitted: false },
+  // Control: a TEXT column is judged as written, whatever its value looks like.
+  { predicate: "record.title == '2026-01-05'", column: 'title', value: '2026-01-05T15:00:00Z', stored: '2026-01-05T15:00:00Z', admitted: false },
+  { predicate: "record.title > '2026-01-05'", column: 'title', value: '2026-01-05T15:00:00Z', stored: '2026-01-05T15:00:00Z', admitted: true },
+];
+
+describe("formula's whole-day copy is out of reach in this file", () => {
+  it('a bare-day $lte no longer admits an instant later on that day', () => {
+    expect(matchesFilterCondition({ d: '2026-01-05T15:00:00Z' }, { d: { $lte: '2026-01-05' } } as never)).toBe(false);
+    expect(matchesFilterCondition({ d: '2026-01-05' }, { d: { $lte: '2026-01-05' } } as never)).toBe(true);
+  });
+});
+
+for (const [driverName, makeDriver] of DRIVERS) {
+  describe(`${driverName}: the write check and the read give one answer for one temporal row`, () => {
+    for (const cell of CELLS) {
+      const verdict = cell.admitted ? 'admitted and shown' : 'refused 403 and hidden';
+      it(`${cell.predicate}, ${cell.column} written as ${show(cell.value)}: ${verdict}`, async () => {
+        const r = await boot(makeDriver, cell.predicate);
+        const written = await outcome(r.engine.insert(r.OBJ, { id: 'w', [cell.column]: cell.value }, { context: r.caller } as never));
+        expect(written).toEqual(cell.admitted ? 'admitted' : DENIED);
+        // The read under the same predicate, over the same value stored by the system.
+        await r.engine.insert(r.OBJ, { id: 'r', [cell.column]: cell.value }, { context: SYS_CTX } as never);
+        expect((await r.storedRow('r'))?.[cell.column]).toEqual(cell.stored);
+        expect(await r.shownTo('r')).toBe(cell.admitted);
+        // A refused write stored nothing; an admitted one stored the same row.
+        const w = await r.storedRow('w');
+        expect(w === undefined ? undefined : w[cell.column]).toEqual(cell.admitted ? cell.stored : undefined);
+      });
+    }
+
+    it("a by-id update judges the stored form too: onto the day as an instant 'admitted', onto the next day 403 and unchanged", async () => {
+      const r = await boot(makeDriver, "record.due_on == '2026-01-05'");
+      await r.engine.insert(r.OBJ, { id: 'u', due_on: '2026-01-05' }, { context: SYS_CTX } as never);
+      expect(await outcome(r.engine.update(r.OBJ, { due_on: '2026-01-05T23:30:00Z' }, { where: { id: 'u' }, context: r.caller } as never)))
+        .toBe('admitted');
+      expect(await outcome(r.engine.update(r.OBJ, { due_on: new Date('2026-01-06T00:30:00Z') }, { where: { id: 'u' }, context: r.caller } as never)))
+        .toEqual(DENIED);
+      expect((await r.storedRow('u'))?.due_on).toBe('2026-01-05');
+    });
+  });
+}
+
+describe('the stored-form step reads the declaration, never the values', () => {
+  const COLUMNS = declaredTemporalColumns({
+    fields: {
+      due_on: { type: 'date', multiple: false },
+      due_at: { type: 'datetime', multiple: false },
+      start_time: { type: 'time', multiple: false },
+      title: { type: 'text', multiple: false },
+    },
+  });
+
+  it('names exactly the declared date / datetime / time columns, and none without a declaration', () => {
+    expect([...COLUMNS.entries()]).toEqual([['due_on', 'date'], ['due_at', 'datetime'], ['start_time', 'time']]);
+    expect(declaredTemporalColumns(undefined).size).toBe(0);
+  });
+
+  it('puts every value comparand on a temporal column into its form, and leaves everything else as written', () => {
+    const filter = {
+      $and: [
+        { due_on: '2026-01-05T15:00:00Z' },
+        { due_on: { $in: ['2026-01-05T15:00:00Z', '2026-01-06'], $null: false } },
+        { start_time: { $between: ['09:00', '17:30'] } },
+        { due_at: { $gte: '2026-01-05T18:00:00+08:00', $contains: '2026' } },
+        { due_on: { $lte: { $field: 'title' } } },
+        { title: '2026-01-05T15:00:00Z' },
+      ],
+    };
+    const before = JSON.stringify(filter);
+    expect(storedFormCheckFilter(filter, COLUMNS)).toEqual({
+      $and: [
+        { due_on: '2026-01-05' },
+        { due_on: { $in: ['2026-01-05', '2026-01-06'], $null: false } },
+        { start_time: { $between: ['09:00:00', '17:30:00'] } },
+        { due_at: { $gte: '2026-01-05T10:00:00.000Z', $contains: '2026' } },
+        { due_on: { $lte: { $field: 'title' } } },
+        { title: '2026-01-05T15:00:00Z' },
+      ],
+    });
+    expect(JSON.stringify(filter)).toBe(before);
+  });
+
+  it('hands back the same filter and image when nothing is temporal (copy-on-write)', () => {
+    const filter = { $or: [{ title: '2026-01-05T15:00:00Z' }, { due_on: { $null: true } }] };
+    expect(storedFormCheckFilter(filter, COLUMNS)).toBe(filter);
+    const image = { title: '2026-01-05T15:00:00Z', due_on: '2026-01-05' };
+    expect(storedFormImage(image, COLUMNS)).toBe(image);
+    expect(storedFormImage({ due_on: new Date('2026-01-05T15:00:00Z') }, COLUMNS)).toEqual({ due_on: '2026-01-05' });
+  });
+});