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+// Copyright (c) 2026 ObjectStack. Licensed under the Apache-2.0 license.
+
+/**
+ * [#24981] The import matches a lookup cell against a STORED title only
+ * (ruling 6308445871, letter A: ADR-0079 addendum item 9, extended to the
+ * import). A `formula` title is computed on read and stored nowhere, so no
+ * `where` can ask it, and a target titled by one answers
+ * `reference_not_found`. The remedy the ruling binds is the producer's: a
+ * composite title that must round-trip through import is a STORED computed
+ * field, a non-formula field with an `expression`, which the engine computes
+ * and stores on every write (#24673).
+ *
+ * This file pins that remedy end to end, through the REAL import door
+ * (`POST /api/v1/data/:object/import`), a REAL ObjectQL engine and a REAL
+ * sqlite `:memory:` driver. The target rows are written WITHOUT their title,
+ * the engine computes it on write, and the import's title rung (the target's
+ * `resolveDisplayField`, after the id and the lookup's own `displayField`)
+ * finds the record by one `where` over the stored column.
+ *
+ * Not repeated here, because the runner's own suite pins it closer to the
+ * code (`packages/core/src/utils/import-runner-reference-title.test.ts`): that
+ * a formula candidate is never asked by `where`, the exact candidate order,
+ * the one metadata read per target, and #22739's exposure check. The formula
+ * row below is only this file's control leg: the same title over the same
+ * rows, declared as a formula, so the remedy is shown to be what moves the
+ * verdict.
+ */
+
+import { describe, it, expect, afterEach } from 'vitest';
+import { ObjectQL } from '@objectstack/objectql';
+import { SqlDriver } from '@objectstack/driver-sql';
+import { ObjectStackProtocolImplementation } from '@objectstack/metadata-protocol';
+import { SysMetadataAuditObject, SysMetadataCommitObject, SysMetadataHistoryObject, SysMetadataObject } from '@objectstack/metadata-core';
+import { RestServer } from './rest-server';
+
+const liveEngines: ObjectQL[] = [];
+afterEach(async () => {
+  while (liveEngines.length) {
+    try { await liveEngines.pop()?.destroy(); } catch { /* noop */ }
+  }
+});
+
+const ACCOUNT_TITLE = { dialect: 'cel', source: 'record.name + " (" + record.region + ")"' };
+const CONTACT_TITLE = { dialect: 'cel', source: 'record.first_name + " " + record.last_name' };
+
+/** `Acme (EMEA)`: a stored computed title whose name is NOT on the fallback key list. */
+const ACCOUNT = {
+  name: 'xt_account', label: 'Account', systemFields: false, nameField: 'display_title',
+  fields: {
+    id: { name: 'id', type: 'text' as const, primaryKey: true },
+    name: { name: 'name', type: 'text' as const, label: 'Name' },
+    region: { name: 'region', type: 'text' as const, label: 'Region' },
+    display_title: { name: 'display_title', type: 'text' as const, label: 'Display Title', expression: ACCOUNT_TITLE },
+  },
+};
+
+/** The control: the same title over the same rows, declared as a formula. */
+const FORMULA_ACCOUNT = {
+  ...ACCOUNT,
+  name: 'xt_formula_account', label: 'Formula Account',
+  fields: {
+    ...ACCOUNT.fields,
+    display_title: {
+      name: 'display_title', type: 'formula' as const, label: 'Display Title', returnType: 'text', expression: ACCOUNT_TITLE,
+    },
+  },
+};
+
+/** `John Smith`: a stored computed title, the shape a contact's composite name takes under the ruling. */
+const CONTACT = {
+  name: 'xt_contact', label: 'Contact', systemFields: false, nameField: 'full_name',
+  fields: {
+    id: { name: 'id', type: 'text' as const, primaryKey: true },
+    title: { name: 'title', type: 'text' as const, label: 'Job Title' },
+    first_name: { name: 'first_name', type: 'text' as const, label: 'First Name' },
+    last_name: { name: 'last_name', type: 'text' as const, label: 'Last Name' },
+    full_name: { name: 'full_name', type: 'text' as const, label: 'Full Name', expression: CONTACT_TITLE },
+  },
+};
+
+/** The imported object: one lookup per target, none with a `displayField` of its own. */
+const CASE = {
+  name: 'xt_case', label: 'Case', systemFields: false,
+  fields: {
+    id: { name: 'id', type: 'text' as const, primaryKey: true },
+    subject: { name: 'subject', type: 'text' as const, label: 'Subject' },
+    account: { name: 'account', type: 'lookup' as const, label: 'Account', reference: 'xt_account' },
+    formula_account: { name: 'formula_account', type: 'lookup' as const, label: 'Formula Account', reference: 'xt_formula_account' },
+    contact: { name: 'contact', type: 'lookup' as const, label: 'Contact', reference: 'xt_contact' },
+  },
+};
+
+function createMockServer() {
+  const noop = () => {};
+  return { get: noop, post: noop, put: noop, delete: noop, patch: noop, use: noop, listen: async () => {}, close: async () => {} };
+}
+
+function makeRes() {
+  const res: any = {
+    write: () => true, end: () => {},
+    header: () => res,
+    status: (code: number) => { res._status = code; return res; },
+    json: (body: any) => { res._json = body; return res; },
+  };
+  return res;
+}
+
+async function boot() {
+  const engine = new ObjectQL();
+  liveEngines.push(engine);
+  engine.registerDriver(new SqlDriver({ client: 'better-sqlite3', connection: { filename: ':memory:' }, useNullAsDefault: true }), true);
+  await engine.init();
+  for (const o of [ACCOUNT, FORMULA_ACCOUNT, CONTACT, CASE]) engine.registry.registerObject(o as any);
+  await engine.syncSchemas();
+  for (const o of [SysMetadataObject, SysMetadataHistoryObject, SysMetadataAuditObject, SysMetadataCommitObject]) {
+    if (!engine.registry.getObject(o.name)) engine.registry.registerObject(o as any);
+  }
+  const protocol = new ObjectStackProtocolImplementation(engine as any);
+  const rest = new RestServer(createMockServer() as any, protocol as any, { api: { requireAuth: false } } as any);
+  (rest as any).resolveExecCtx = async () => ({ userId: 'test-user' });
+  rest.registerRoutes();
+  const route = rest.getRoutes().find((r: any) => r.method === 'POST' && r.path === '/api/v1/data/:object/import');
+  expect(route).toBeDefined();
+  const importCases = async (rows: Array<Record<string, unknown>>) => {
+    const res = makeRes();
+    await route!.handler({ params: { object: 'xt_case' }, body: { format: 'json', rows } } as any, res);
+    return res._json;
+  };
+  return { engine, importCases };
+}
+
+const verdicts = (summary: any) =>
+  summary.results.map((r: any) => ({ ok: r.ok, code: r.code, field: r.field }));
+const OK = { ok: true, code: undefined, field: undefined };
+
+describe('[#24981] the ruling\'s remedy: a stored computed title re-imports through the real door', () => {
+  it('a title the engine computed on write resolves its lookup cell; the same title as a formula does not', async () => {
+    const { engine, importCases } = await boot();
+    // The title is NEVER sent: the engine computes and stores it on write.
+    await engine.insert('xt_account', { id: 'a1', name: 'Acme', region: 'EMEA' });
+    await engine.insert('xt_formula_account', { id: 'f1', name: 'Acme', region: 'EMEA' });
+    await engine.insert('xt_contact', { id: 'c1', title: 'VP of Engineering', first_name: 'John', last_name: 'Smith' });
+    expect((await engine.findOne('xt_account', { where: { id: 'a1' } }))?.display_title).toBe('Acme (EMEA)');
+    expect((await engine.findOne('xt_contact', { where: { id: 'c1' } }))?.full_name).toBe('John Smith');
+
+    const summary = await importCases([
+      { id: 'k1', subject: 'stored, off the fallback list', account: 'Acme (EMEA)' },
+      { id: 'k2', subject: 'stored, on the fallback list', contact: 'John Smith' },
+      { id: 'k3', subject: 'control: the same title as a formula', formula_account: 'Acme (EMEA)' },
+    ]);
+    expect(verdicts(summary)).toEqual([OK, OK, { ok: false, code: 'reference_not_found', field: 'formula_account' }]);
+    expect((await engine.findOne('xt_case', { where: { id: 'k1' } }))?.account).toBe('a1');
+    expect((await engine.findOne('xt_case', { where: { id: 'k2' } }))?.contact).toBe('c1');
+    expect(await engine.findOne('xt_case', { where: { id: 'k3' } })).toBeFalsy();
+  });
+
+  it('two records whose computed titles collide answer the import\'s ambiguity refusal, and link neither', async () => {
+    const { engine, importCases } = await boot();
+    await engine.insert('xt_account', { id: 'a1', name: 'Acme', region: 'EMEA' });
+    await engine.insert('xt_account', { id: 'a2', name: 'Acme', region: 'EMEA' });
+    await engine.insert('xt_account', { id: 'a3', name: 'Acme', region: 'APAC' });
+
+    const summary = await importCases([
+      { id: 'k1', subject: 'two records titled alike', account: 'Acme (EMEA)' },
+      { id: 'k2', subject: 'one record titled so', account: 'Acme (APAC)' },
+    ]);
+    expect(verdicts(summary)).toEqual([{ ok: false, code: 'reference_ambiguous', field: 'account' }, OK]);
+    expect(await engine.findOne('xt_case', { where: { id: 'k1' } })).toBeFalsy();
+    expect((await engine.findOne('xt_case', { where: { id: 'k2' } }))?.account).toBe('a3');
+  });
+});