@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+---
+'@objectstack/spec': minor
+'@objectstack/objectql': minor
+'@objectstack/metadata-core': minor
+'@objectstack/metadata': minor
+'@objectstack/plugin-security': minor
+'@objectstack/plugin-sharing': minor
+'@objectstack/plugin-approvals': minor
+'@objectstack/lint': minor
+'@objectstack/runtime': minor
+'@objectstack/platform-objects': minor
+'@object-ui/app-shell': minor
+'@objectstack/skills': minor
+'@objectstack/cli': minor
+---
+
+feat!: ownership queues: records wait in a queue until a member claims them, and assignment rules route new records (ADR-0142)
+
+Clause-②: yes (narrowing)
+Metadata-protocol: narrowed
+
+<!-- adr-0087: registered object-queue-field-reserved -->
+
+**BREAKING** for one shape only: an object whose records have a user owner (`ownership: 'user'`, the default) can no longer declare its own field named `queue`. The platform now injects a `queue` column on every such object, and `registerObject` refuses the declaration with `422 INVALID_METADATA` (`ObjectQueueColumnRefusedError`), naming the object. An `objectExtensions` entry that declares `queue` on such an object is not refused, because an extension is folded over its object at read time: its `queue` is ignored, the platform's column stands, and a warning names the extension. The remedy: rename the business field (for example `support_queue`) and copy its data across, or, when the object's records have no user owner, declare `ownership: 'business_unit'`, `'org'` or `'none'`. The upgrade guide entry is `object-queue-field-reserved`.
+
+Beside that, two enum additions: `ShareRecipientType` gains `queue` (a sharing rule can now name a queue as its recipient), and the `queue` approver type is authorable again (it leaves `NON_AUTHORABLE_APPROVER_TYPES`, so it is no longer marked deprecated). Two metadata types are new: `queue` and `assignment_rule`.
+
+- **`@objectstack/spec`**: new `queue` and `assignment_rule` metadata types (`QueueSchema`, `AssignmentRuleSchema`) and the stack keys `queues` and `assignmentRules`. A declared queue's members are positions. New `IOwnershipQueueService` contract, registered under `ownership-queue`. `queue` joins the injected system columns of `ownership: 'user'` objects and `PUBLIC_FORM_SERVER_MANAGED_FIELDS`. `APPROVER_VALUE_BINDINGS.queue` reads both a declared queue and an organization's `sys_queue` row, and `APPROVER_ORG_SCOPED.queue` is `true`. The explain rule kinds `queue_membership` and `queue_claim` are new. `QUEUE_NOT_FOUND` (422) is registered under plugin-security.
+- **`@objectstack/objectql`**: objects with `ownership: 'user'` get a system-managed `queue` column beside `owner_id`. Declaring your own `queue` field on one is refused at registration (`INVALID_METADATA`), and an extension's own `queue` field on one is ignored with a warning. An update can carry a write precondition: when it no longer matches, the update answers `409 CONCURRENT_UPDATE`. Declared assignment rules run once for each inserted row that has no owner and no queue after the `beforeInsert` hooks. A rule can park the row in a queue, or pick a member by `round_robin` or `least_loaded`. Assignment never refuses an insert. `kernel:ready` refuses to boot a stack that declares queues or assignment rules when no `ownership-queue` service is registered.
+- **`@objectstack/metadata-core`**: `queue` is classified as an injected system column.
+- **`@objectstack/metadata`**: the artifact door registers a stack's `queues` and `assignmentRules`, so an artifact-only runtime serves them.
+- **`@objectstack/plugin-sharing`**: three new objects, `sys_queue`, `sys_queue_member` and `sys_assignment_cursor`, and the `ownership-queue` service. The service resolves a queue name from the registry first, then from the organization's own rows, and has one member expander. A record with no owner that sits in a queue can be read and edited by the queue's members, never deleted. The `queue` sharing recipient grants matched records to the queue's members, and its grants are recomputed when membership changes or the queue is switched on or off.
+- **`@objectstack/plugin-security`**: the owner gate handles `queue`. A **claim** sets `owner_id` from empty to yourself, by id. It is admitted when the sharing model allows you the record, and only one claimant wins: the loser gets `409`. A **release** gives your own record back to its home queue. A **move** to another queue needs the transfer grant, and a queue name that does not resolve is refused with `422 QUEUE_NOT_FOUND`. An insert that names a queue needs the transfer grant or membership of that queue. A guest can supply neither. Explain reports the queue reasons on the sharing layer.
+- **`@objectstack/plugin-approvals`**: a `queue` approver resolves to the queue's members when the step opens. An empty queue adds nobody and logs a warning. The `queue:<name>` placeholder is never written again.
+- **`@objectstack/lint`**: a queue-only approval node is reported `approval-approvers-may-resolve-empty`, and the org-axis red line admits the queue recipient. Two new advisory rules come with `os explain` entries: `assignment-rule-user-target` (warning) and `assignment-rule-queue-unstaffed` (info).
+- **`@objectstack/cli`**: the organization-ownership inventory lists `sys_queue`, `sys_queue_member` and `sys_assignment_cursor`, so `os migrate organization-ownership` plans them instead of refusing.
+- **`@objectstack/runtime`**: `POST /security/_activation/:type/:name` also switches a declared `queue` or `assignment_rule` on and off.
+- **`@objectstack/platform-objects`**: the two new metadata types' labels, and the queue recipient option, are translated in zh-CN, ja-JP and es-ES.
+- **`@object-ui/app-shell`**: the flow designer no longer warns that a queue approver resolves to nobody.
+- **`@objectstack/skills`**: the platform skill lists `queues` and `assignmentRules` among the stack's top-level keys.
+
+What to do: rename any `queue` field on a user-owned object, or in an extension of one, as above. Every other existing stack behaves as before. To use queues, declare `queues` and `assignmentRules` in your stack, and make sure plugin-sharing is installed: it registers the `ownership-queue` service.
@@ -401,28 +401,28 @@ Only `approvers` is required on the node; everything else has a default
 (`behavior: 'first_response'`, `lockRecord: true`, `maxRevisions: 3`).
 
 Approver entries resolve by kind — `position`, `user`, `field`, `manager`,
-`team`, `department`, `org_membership_level`, and `expression`
+`team`, `department`, `org_membership_level`, `queue`, and `expression`
 (described in the [callout above](#3-the-approval-node) and in
 [Dynamic approvers](#dynamic-approvers-3447)); `org_membership_level` is the
 one that silently resolves to nobody when it's mistaken for a business
-hierarchy. `queue` still parses so stored flows keep loading, but it is **not
-implemented** by the runtime and is no longer offered for authoring (#3508) —
-a queue entry resolves to nobody. Route to a `team`, `department`, or
-`position` instead. `field`, `manager`, and `expression` resolve against the record's
+hierarchy. A `queue` entry names an ownership queue by its machine name — one
+an installed app declares, or one of the organization's own — and resolves to
+the queue's members at node entry, through the same expansion that decides who
+may claim the queue's records (ADR-0142 D6). `field`, `manager`, and `expression` resolve against the record's
 **live** state at node entry (#3447); `manager` additionally depends on
 `sys_user.manager_id`, which a platform admin sets from **Setup → Users → ⋯ →
 Set Manager** — see [the `manager` callout above](#3-the-approval-node). `position`, `department`,
-`org_membership_level` and `expression` may additionally name which
+`org_membership_level`, `queue` and `expression` may additionally name which
 organization's directory resolves them — see
 [Approving across organizations](#cross-org-approvers).
 
 What an entry that resolves to nobody leaves on the slate depends on its kind:
 
-- **A person entry** (`manager`, `field`) adds no slot. Nor does an
-  `expression` that yields no ids. A `user` entry never resolves to nobody: its
-  value is the slot.
+- **A person entry** (`manager`, `field`) adds no slot. Nor does a `queue`
+  with no members, or an `expression` that yields no ids. A `user` entry never
+  resolves to nobody: its value is the slot.
 - **A group entry** (`position`, `team`, `department`, `org_membership_level`)
-  keeps its `<type>:<value>` literal as a slot, and so do a `queue` entry and an
+  keeps its `<type>:<value>` literal as a slot, and so does an
   `expression` value that `resolveAs` re-expands into a group with nobody in it.
   A `position:<name>` slot is decided by whoever is staffed into that position
   later. No person ever holds any other literal, so only an administrator can
 
@@ -758,7 +758,7 @@ os compile --json                    # JSON output for CI pipelines
   → Normalizing stack definition...
   → Lowering inline handlers...
   → Validating protocol compliance...
-  → Running author-time rules (53)...
+  → Running author-time rules (54)...
   → Checking that every required capability has a provider installable in this edition...
   → Collecting package docs (ADR-0046)... 0 collected
   → Writing artifact...
 
@@ -752,7 +752,7 @@ A clean run walks the registry and reports timing:
   Config: /path/to/support-desk/objectstack.config.ts
   Load time: 21ms
   → Validating against ObjectStack Protocol...
-  → Running author-time rules (53)...
+  → Running author-time rules (54)...
   → Checking that every required capability has a provider installable in this edition...
   → Checking package docs (ADR-0046)...
 
 
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ visible: 'status != "resolved"'
 ◆ Validate
 ────────────────────────────────────────
   → Validating against ObjectStack Protocol...
-  → Running author-time rules (53)...
+  → Running author-time rules (54)...
 
   ✗ Author-time rules failed (1 issue)
   • stack · action 'resolve_ticket' visible: bare reference `status` — a
 
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ const result = AutomationApiErrorCode.parse(data);
 
 | Property | Type | Required | Description |
 | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
-| **code** | `Enum<'VALIDATION_ERROR' \| 'INVALID_FIELD' \| 'MISSING_REQUIRED_FIELD' \| 'INVALID_FORMAT' \| 'VALUE_TOO_LONG' \| 'VALUE_TOO_SHORT' \| 'VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE' \| … +346 more>` | ✅ | The inner refusal's code in its WIRE spelling - the ADR-0112 member a record save of the same write answers in `error.code` (e.g. `UNIQUE_VIOLATION`); the closed set `ApiErrorSchema.code` parses against |
+| **code** | `Enum<'VALIDATION_ERROR' \| 'INVALID_FIELD' \| 'MISSING_REQUIRED_FIELD' \| 'INVALID_FORMAT' \| 'VALUE_TOO_LONG' \| 'VALUE_TOO_SHORT' \| 'VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE' \| … +347 more>` | ✅ | The inner refusal's code in its WIRE spelling - the ADR-0112 member a record save of the same write answers in `error.code` (e.g. `UNIQUE_VIOLATION`); the closed set `ApiErrorSchema.code` parses against |
 | **message** | `string` | ✅ | The inner refusal's own diagnostic text, verbatim, without the node and operation prefixes the run's failure text adds |
 
 ### Allowed Values: `FlowInnerRefusal.code`
@@ -615,6 +615,7 @@ const result = AutomationApiErrorCode.parse(data);
 * `PROJECT_PROVISIONING`
 * `PROJECT_PROVISIONING_FAILED`
 * `QUERY_OBJECT_MISMATCH`
+* `QUEUE_NOT_FOUND`
 * `RAW_SQL_UNSUPPORTED`
 * `READ_BACK_FAILED`
 * `READ_SCOPE_COMPILE_FAILED`
 
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ const result = ApiErrorSchema.parse(data);
 
 | Property | Type | Required | Description |
 | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
-| **code** | `Enum<'VALIDATION_ERROR' \| 'INVALID_FIELD' \| 'MISSING_REQUIRED_FIELD' \| 'INVALID_FORMAT' \| 'VALUE_TOO_LONG' \| 'VALUE_TOO_SHORT' \| 'VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE' \| … +346 more>` | ✅ | Error code (e.g. VALIDATION_ERROR; StandardErrorCode ∪ the ledger the serving side registers — ERROR_CODE_LEDGER for framework packages) |
+| **code** | `Enum<'VALIDATION_ERROR' \| 'INVALID_FIELD' \| 'MISSING_REQUIRED_FIELD' \| 'INVALID_FORMAT' \| 'VALUE_TOO_LONG' \| 'VALUE_TOO_SHORT' \| 'VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE' \| … +347 more>` | ✅ | Error code (e.g. VALIDATION_ERROR; StandardErrorCode ∪ the ledger the serving side registers — ERROR_CODE_LEDGER for framework packages) |
 | **declaredCode** | `string` | optional | The producer-declared code, verbatim, when it is not a member of the closed `code` vocabulary — the open, author-authored channel (app-specific spellings; ADR-0112) |
 | **message** | `string` | ✅ | Readable error message |
 | **userMessage** | `string` | optional | Producer-marked user-facing refusal text, verbatim. Present exactly when the producer opted in at throw time; consumers render it to end users and keep their generic substitution for anything unmarked. Status-agnostic; never replaces `message`. |
@@ -303,6 +303,7 @@ const result = ApiErrorSchema.parse(data);
 * `PROJECT_PROVISIONING`
 * `PROJECT_PROVISIONING_FAILED`
 * `QUERY_OBJECT_MISMATCH`
+* `QUEUE_NOT_FOUND`
 * `RAW_SQL_UNSUPPORTED`
 * `READ_BACK_FAILED`
 * `READ_SCOPE_COMPILE_FAILED`
 
@@ -470,6 +470,7 @@ const result = ErrorCode.parse(data);
 * `PROJECT_PROVISIONING`
 * `PROJECT_PROVISIONING_FAILED`
 * `QUERY_OBJECT_MISMATCH`
+* `QUEUE_NOT_FOUND`
 * `RAW_SQL_UNSUPPORTED`
 * `READ_BACK_FAILED`
 * `READ_SCOPE_COMPILE_FAILED`
 
@@ -640,7 +640,7 @@ Metadata query with filtering, sorting, and pagination
 
 | Property | Type | Required | Description |
 | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
-| **types** | `Enum<'object' \| 'field' \| 'hook' \| 'seed' \| 'mapping' \| 'picklist' \| 'view' \| 'page' \| 'dashboard' \| 'app' \| 'action' \| 'report' \| 'dataset' \| 'flow' \| 'job' \| 'datasource' \| 'external_catalog' \| 'translation' \| 'api' \| 'email_template' \| 'doc' \| 'book' \| 'permission' \| 'position' \| 'capability' \| 'sharing_rule' \| 'agent' \| 'tool' \| 'skill'>[]` | optional | Filter by metadata types |
+| **types** | `Enum<'object' \| 'field' \| 'hook' \| 'seed' \| 'mapping' \| 'picklist' \| 'view' \| 'page' \| 'dashboard' \| 'app' \| 'action' \| 'report' \| 'dataset' \| 'flow' \| 'job' \| 'datasource' \| 'external_catalog' \| 'translation' \| 'api' \| 'email_template' \| 'doc' \| 'book' \| 'permission' \| 'position' \| 'capability' \| 'sharing_rule' \| 'queue' \| 'assignment_rule' \| 'agent' \| 'tool' \| 'skill'>[]` | optional | Filter by metadata types |
 | **namespaces** | `string[]` | optional | Filter by namespaces |
 | **packageId** | `string` | optional | Filter by owning package |
 | **search** | `string` | optional | Full-text search query |
@@ -707,7 +707,7 @@ Metadata query with filtering, sorting, and pagination
 
 | Property | Type | Required | Description |
 | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
-| **type** | `Enum<'object' \| 'field' \| 'hook' \| 'seed' \| 'mapping' \| 'picklist' \| 'view' \| 'page' \| 'dashboard' \| 'app' \| 'action' \| 'report' \| 'dataset' \| 'flow' \| 'job' \| … +14 more>` | ✅ | Metadata type |
+| **type** | `Enum<'object' \| 'field' \| 'hook' \| 'seed' \| 'mapping' \| 'picklist' \| 'view' \| 'page' \| 'dashboard' \| 'app' \| 'action' \| 'report' \| 'dataset' \| 'flow' \| 'job' \| … +16 more>` | ✅ | Metadata type |
 | **name** | `string` | ✅ | Item name (snake_case) |
 | **data** | `Record<string, any>` | ✅ | Metadata payload |
 | **namespace** | `string` | optional | Optional namespace |
@@ -740,6 +740,8 @@ Metadata query with filtering, sorting, and pagination
 * `position`
 * `capability`
 * `sharing_rule`
+* `queue`
+* `assignment_rule`
 * `agent`
 * `tool`
 * `skill`
 
@@ -130,6 +130,8 @@ Installed package row whose manifest is the assembled package body
 | **books** | `{ name: string; label?: string; description?: string; slug?: string; … }[]` | optional | Documentation navigation spines — ordered groups with derived membership (ADR-0046 §6) |
 | **positions** | `{ name: string; label: string; description?: string; permissionSets?: string[]; … }[]` | optional | Positions — flat capability-distribution groups (ADR-0090 D3) |
 | **sharingRules** | `{ name: string; label?: string; description?: string; object: string; … }[]` | optional | Record Sharing Rules |
+| **queues** | `{ name: string; label: string; description?: string; members?: object[]; … }[]` | optional | [ADR-0142 D1] Ownership queues — named sets of people records can sit in until a member claims them |
+| **assignmentRules** | `{ name: string; label?: string; description?: string; object: string; … }[]` | optional | [ADR-0142 D5] Assignment rules — route new ownerless records to a queue or a person, once, on insert |
 | **apis** | `{ name: string; path: string; method: Enum<'GET' \| 'POST' \| 'PUT' \| 'DELETE' \| 'PATCH' \| 'HEAD' \| 'OPTIONS'>; summary?: string; … }[]` | optional | API Endpoints — declared endpoints are live from protocol 17; each is gated at publish (ADR-0121) |
 | **webhooks** | `{ name: string; label?: string; object?: string; triggers?: Enum<'create' \| 'update' \| 'delete' \| 'bulk_update' \| 'bulk_delete'>[]; … }[]` | optional | Outbound Webhooks |
 | **agents** | `{ name: string; label: string; avatar?: string; role: string; … }[]` | optional | AI Agents — platform-internal (ADR-0063 §2): the kernel ships exactly two (ask/build); third parties extend via skills, not agents |
@@ -374,6 +376,8 @@ This schema accepts one of the following structures:
 | **books** | `{ name: string; label?: string; description?: string; slug?: string; … }[]` | optional | Documentation navigation spines — ordered groups with derived membership (ADR-0046 §6) |
 | **positions** | `{ name: string; label: string; description?: string; permissionSets?: string[]; … }[]` | optional | Positions — flat capability-distribution groups (ADR-0090 D3) |
 | **sharingRules** | `{ name: string; label?: string; description?: string; object: string; … }[]` | optional | Record Sharing Rules |
+| **queues** | `{ name: string; label: string; description?: string; members?: object[]; … }[]` | optional | [ADR-0142 D1] Ownership queues — named sets of people records can sit in until a member claims them |
+| **assignmentRules** | `{ name: string; label?: string; description?: string; object: string; … }[]` | optional | [ADR-0142 D5] Assignment rules — route new ownerless records to a queue or a person, once, on insert |
 | **apis** | `{ name: string; path: string; method: Enum<'GET' \| 'POST' \| 'PUT' \| 'DELETE' \| 'PATCH' \| 'HEAD' \| 'OPTIONS'>; summary?: string; … }[]` | optional | API Endpoints — declared endpoints are live from protocol 17; each is gated at publish (ADR-0121) |
 | **webhooks** | `{ name: string; label?: string; object?: string; triggers?: Enum<'create' \| 'update' \| 'delete' \| 'bulk_update' \| 'bulk_delete'>[]; … }[]` | optional | Outbound Webhooks |
 | **agents** | `{ name: string; label: string; avatar?: string; role: string; … }[]` | optional | AI Agents — platform-internal (ADR-0063 §2): the kernel ships exactly two (ask/build); third parties extend via skills, not agents |