diff --git a/.changeset/2060-items-11-12-15-periods-refusals-account-map.md b/.changeset/2060-items-11-12-15-periods-refusals-account-map.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6cd2b4373
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/2060-items-11-12-15-periods-refusals-account-map.md
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+---
+"hotcrm": patch
+---
+
+**All Forecasts lists periods newest first, two refusals read the way the screens do, and the demo accounts appear on the map.**
+
+- **All Forecasts.** The list now groups by **Period Start**, newest first, and under each start date by the period's label, so every period still has a heading of its own (**Q4 2026**). Before, it grouped by the label alone, which sorts as text: *Sep 2026*, then *Q4 2026*, then *Q4 2025*, with *Oct 2026* near the bottom. A quarter and the month that opens it start on the same day, so **Q4 2026** and **Oct 2026** sit under one start date as two periods.
+- **Campaign dates.** A campaign whose **Start Date** falls after its **End Date** is refused with "The campaign's Start Date (…) must not be after its End Date (…)". A campaign saved as *In Progress* without both dates is refused with "A campaign cannot be In Progress without both a Start Date and an End Date". Before, both messages named the fields `start_date`, `end_date` and the status `in_progress`.
+- **Deleting a product.** A product still on any opportunity or quote line is refused as before, and the message now counts what it names: "Cannot delete product: it is on 4 opportunity line items and 2 quote line items. To retire it instead, turn off Active." Before, it read "referenced by 4 opportunity(ies) and 2 quote(s)" for four lines on two deals, listed a zero, and named the field `is_active`.
+- **Accounts by Location.** Each demo account now carries an **Office Location** at its billing address, so the map shows all nine offices. Before, every demo account left it blank and the map reported "9 records with missing or invalid coordinates excluded". A database seeded before this release keeps its blank locations: the demo accounts are written once and never overwritten. Fill **Office Location** on an account to put it on the map.
diff --git a/content/docs/sales/forecasting.mdx b/content/docs/sales/forecasting.mdx
index c8d8ad9f9..3b88e6618 100644
--- a/content/docs/sales/forecasting.mdx
+++ b/content/docs/sales/forecasting.mdx
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ The advice is therefore what it always was — when you write a snapshot by hand
 
 **A row stored before these rules shipped stays refused until its window is corrected.** The check reads the whole record on every save, not just the field you touched, so even an unrelated edit to such a row — a quota correction, a note — is rejected until the dates agree with the label. The correction itself is always accepted: put `period_start` and `period_end` back on the calendar period, and the row saves normally again.
 
-So you'll never see a record labelled “2026-07-01 through ???” — only the human label. The list view and dashboards group by `period_label` directly.
+So you'll never see a record labelled “2026-07-01 through ???” — only the human label. Dashboards group by `period_label` directly. The **All Forecasts** list groups on two levels, newest period first: by `period_start`, and under each start date by `period_label`, so every period gets a heading of its own (**Q4 2026**). It cannot group by the label alone, because a label sorts as text: *Sep 2026* would come before *Q4 2026*, and *Q4 2025* before *Oct 2026*. Nor can it group by the start date alone, because a quarter and the month that opens it start on the same day: **Q4 2026** and **Oct 2026** share one start-date heading and sit under it as two periods.
 
 ## How forecasts get created
 
diff --git a/content/docs/sales/forecasting.zh-Hans.mdx b/content/docs/sales/forecasting.zh-Hans.mdx
index e7ac7561a..5804af7da 100644
--- a/content/docs/sales/forecasting.zh-Hans.mdx
+++ b/content/docs/sales/forecasting.zh-Hans.mdx
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ description: 按负责人和周期的销售管道快照——营收预测的基
 
 **在这些规则上线之前就已经存错的行，会一直被拒收，直到它的窗口被改正。** 这项校验每次保存时读的是整条记录，而不只是你改动的那个字段，所以哪怕是一处无关的编辑——改个配额、加条备注——也会被拒绝，直到日期和标签对得上。改正本身则永远是被允许的：把 `period_start` 和 `period_end` 拨回到对应的日历周期，这一行就又能正常保存了。
 
-因此你绝不会看到一条标记为"2026-07-01 至 ???"的记录——只有人类可读的标签。列表视图和仪表盘会直接按 `period_label` 分组。
+因此你绝不会看到一条标记为"2026-07-01 至 ???"的记录——只有人类可读的标签。仪表盘会直接按 `period_label` 分组。**全部预测**列表则分两层分组，最新的周期排在最前：先按 `period_start`，再在每个起始日之下按 `period_label`，所以每个周期都有自己的一行标题（**Q4 2026**）。它不能只按标签分组，因为标签是按文本排序的：*Sep 2026* 会排在 *Q4 2026* 前面，*Q4 2025* 会排在 *Oct 2026* 前面。它也不能只按起始日分组，因为一个季度和开启它的那个月是同一天开始的：**Q4 2026** 和 **Oct 2026** 共用同一个起始日标题，在它之下作为两个周期分开列出。
 
 ## 预测是如何创建的
 
diff --git a/content/docs/sales/forecasting.zh-Hant.mdx b/content/docs/sales/forecasting.zh-Hant.mdx
index 0c83e1688..3524e7d8a 100644
--- a/content/docs/sales/forecasting.zh-Hant.mdx
+++ b/content/docs/sales/forecasting.zh-Hant.mdx
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ description: 按負責人和週期的銷售管道快照——營收預測的基
 
 **在這些規則上線之前就已經存錯的資料列，會一直被拒收，直到它的區間被改正。** 這項檢核每次儲存時讀的是整筆記錄，而不只是你改動的那個欄位，所以哪怕是一處無關的編輯——改個配額、加條備註——也會被拒絕，直到日期和標籤對得上。改正本身則永遠是被允許的：把 `period_start` 和 `period_end` 撥回到對應的日曆週期，這筆資料列就又能正常儲存了。
 
-因此你絕不會看到一筆標記為「2026-07-01 至 ???」的記錄——只有人類可讀的標籤。列表視圖和儀表板會直接按 `period_label` 分組。
+因此你絕不會看到一筆標記為「2026-07-01 至 ???」的記錄——只有人類可讀的標籤。儀表板會直接按 `period_label` 分組。**全部預測**清單則分兩層分組，最新的週期排在最前：先按 `period_start`，再在每個起始日之下按 `period_label`，所以每個週期都有自己的一列標題（**Q4 2026**）。它不能只按標籤分組，因為標籤是按文字排序的：*Sep 2026* 會排在 *Q4 2026* 前面，*Q4 2025* 會排在 *Oct 2026* 前面。它也不能只按起始日分組，因為一個季度和開啟它的那個月是同一天開始的：**Q4 2026** 和 **Oct 2026** 共用同一個起始日標題，在它之下作為兩個週期分開列出。
 
 ## 預測是如何建立的
 
diff --git a/src/marketing/objects/campaign.hook.ts b/src/marketing/objects/campaign.hook.ts
index 98ad29a09..8205f7253 100644
--- a/src/marketing/objects/campaign.hook.ts
+++ b/src/marketing/objects/campaign.hook.ts
@@ -80,15 +80,29 @@ const campaignValidation: Hook = {
       (typeof input.end_date === 'string' && input.end_date) ||
       (typeof previous?.end_date === 'string' && (previous.end_date as string)) ||
       undefined;
+    // The refusals name each field by its label, as the form shows it, never
+    // by its API key (#2060 item 12, C-11: "Campaign start_date (…) must not
+    // be after end_date (…)"). A lowered body cannot read the object's
+    // metadata, so the labels are written out here;
+    // `test/hooks-runtime-service.test.ts` reads them off `crm_campaign` and
+    // fails when a label and its refusal part ways.
     if (start && end && start > end) {
-      throw refuse(`Campaign start_date (${start}) must not be after end_date (${end}).`, 'VALIDATION_FAILED', 400);
+      throw refuse(
+        `The campaign's Start Date (${start}) must not be after its End Date (${end}).`,
+        'VALIDATION_FAILED',
+        400,
+      );
     }
     const status =
       (typeof input.status === 'string' && input.status) ||
       (typeof previous?.status === 'string' && (previous.status as string)) ||
       undefined;
     if (status === 'in_progress' && (!start || !end)) {
-      throw refuse('Campaign cannot move to in_progress without both start_date and end_date.', 'VALIDATION_FAILED', 400);
+      throw refuse(
+        'A campaign cannot be In Progress without both a Start Date and an End Date.',
+        'VALIDATION_FAILED',
+        400,
+      );
     }
   },
 };
diff --git a/src/revenue/objects/product.hook.ts b/src/revenue/objects/product.hook.ts
index 88ffd9bb4..1a4b7aae8 100644
--- a/src/revenue/objects/product.hook.ts
+++ b/src/revenue/objects/product.hook.ts
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import type { HookApi } from '../../sales/objects/_hook-api';
  * - Normalizes `sku` to uppercase.
  * - Refuses delete when the product is referenced by ANY opportunity or quote
  *   line item (historical included — deals keep their line history); suggests
- *   deactivating (`is_active=false`) instead.
+ *   deactivating (turning off Active, `is_active`) instead.
  * - `product_title_mirror`: keeps a renamed product's title on its line items.
  */
 
@@ -67,8 +67,17 @@ const productHook: Hook = {
         api.object('crm_quote_line_item').count({ where: { crm_product: id } }).catch(() => 0),
       ]);
       if (oppRefs + quoteRefs > 0) {
+        // The sentence counts what it names (#2060 item 12, B-16). Both counts
+        // are LINE ITEMS: three lines of this product on one deal are three,
+        // not one deal, and "4 opportunity(ies) and 2 quote(s)" said deals and
+        // quotes. Each count carries its own plural and a zero is not listed,
+        // as `contact_integrity` words its refusal. The remedy names the field
+        // by its label, Active, not by its API key (the C-11 class).
+        const held: string[] = [];
+        if (oppRefs > 0) held.push(`${oppRefs} opportunity ${oppRefs === 1 ? 'line item' : 'line items'}`);
+        if (quoteRefs > 0) held.push(`${quoteRefs} quote ${quoteRefs === 1 ? 'line item' : 'line items'}`);
         throw refuse(
-          `Cannot delete product: referenced by ${oppRefs} opportunity(ies) and ${quoteRefs} quote(s). Set is_active=false to retire instead.`,
+          `Cannot delete product: it is on ${held.join(' and ')}. To retire it instead, turn off Active.`,
           'DELETE_RESTRICTED',
           409,
         );
diff --git a/src/sales/data/sales.seed.ts b/src/sales/data/sales.seed.ts
index 9a285b930..9f57fd600 100644
--- a/src/sales/data/sales.seed.ts
+++ b/src/sales/data/sales.seed.ts
@@ -63,6 +63,15 @@ import { celDaysAgo, linesTotal, type LineSpec } from './_shared';
 // Phone numbers moved with the addresses: a Munich account answering a Denver
 // number is the kind of incoherence an evaluator notices before the feature.
 //
+// `office_location` moved with them too, and it is what Accounts by Location
+// plots (#2060 item 15, A-13): the map view's `locationField`, a
+// `Field.location` stored as `{ lat, lng }`. Each account is pinned at its
+// billing address's building. Every row used to leave it blank, so the map
+// drew nothing and reported "9 records with missing or invalid coordinates
+// excluded". `test/account-seed-locations.test.ts` holds every row to the
+// field's value shape. Insert-once (below) means a database seeded before this
+// keeps its blank locations; only a fresh one gets the pins.
+//
 // ─── `last_activity_date`: the churn clock, and who is allowed to set it ───
 //
 // The three "Quiet 30 / 60 / 90+ Days" tiles on the Sales Activity dashboard,
@@ -191,6 +200,7 @@ export const accounts = defineSeed(Account, {
       number_of_employees: 250,
       phone: '+1-415-555-0100',
       billing_address: { street: '500 Howard Street, Suite 400', city: 'San Francisco', state: 'CA', postalCode: '94105', country: 'US' },
+      office_location: { lat: 37.7887, lng: -122.3966 },
       website: 'https://acme.example.com',
       tier: 'enterprise',
       segment: 'growth',
@@ -248,6 +258,7 @@ three regional teams (NA, EMEA, APAC).
       number_of_employees: 800,
       phone: '+1-312-555-0200',
       billing_address: { street: '233 South Wacker Drive', city: 'Chicago', state: 'IL', postalCode: '60606', country: 'US' },
+      office_location: { lat: 41.8789, lng: -87.6359 },
       website: 'https://globex.example.com',
       tier: 'enterprise',
       segment: 'net_new',
@@ -264,6 +275,7 @@ three regional teams (NA, EMEA, APAC).
       number_of_employees: 150,
       phone: '+1-212-555-0300',
       billing_address: { street: '1 Liberty Plaza, 23rd Floor', city: 'New York', state: 'NY', postalCode: '10006', country: 'US' },
+      office_location: { lat: 40.7094, lng: -74.011 },
       website: 'https://initech.example.com',
       tier: 'mid_market',
       segment: 'at_risk',
@@ -285,6 +297,7 @@ three regional teams (NA, EMEA, APAC).
       // reason that rule's `$in` list is not a single-country list in disguise.
       phone: '+1-416-555-0400',
       billing_address: { street: '181 Bay Street, Suite 2200', city: 'Toronto', state: 'ON', postalCode: 'M5J 2T3', country: 'CA' },
+      office_location: { lat: 43.6469, lng: -79.3787 },
       website: 'https://starkmed.example.com',
       tier: 'mid_market',
       segment: 'stable',
@@ -317,6 +330,7 @@ three regional teams (NA, EMEA, APAC).
       number_of_employees: 2000,
       phone: '+1-650-555-0500',
       billing_address: { street: '3000 Hanover Street', city: 'Palo Alto', state: 'CA', postalCode: '94304', country: 'US' },
+      office_location: { lat: 37.4125, lng: -122.1476 },
       website: 'https://wayne.example.com',
       tier: 'strategic',
       segment: 'growth',
@@ -347,6 +361,7 @@ three regional teams (NA, EMEA, APAC).
       // europe_territory, half 1: DE.
       phone: '+49-89-5550-0600',
       billing_address: { street: 'Leopoldstrasse 21', city: 'Munich', state: 'BY', postalCode: '80802', country: 'DE' },
+      office_location: { lat: 48.1567, lng: 11.5847 },
       website: 'https://northwind.example.com',
       tier: 'enterprise',
       segment: 'net_new',
@@ -365,6 +380,7 @@ three regional teams (NA, EMEA, APAC).
       number_of_employees: 420,
       phone: '+1-512-555-0700',
       billing_address: { street: '600 Congress Avenue, Floor 14', city: 'Austin', state: 'TX', postalCode: '78701', country: 'US' },
+      office_location: { lat: 30.2687, lng: -97.7428 },
       website: 'https://vertex.example.com',
       tier: 'enterprise',
       segment: 'growth',
@@ -387,6 +403,7 @@ three regional teams (NA, EMEA, APAC).
       // without a subdivision is a normal shape, and only `country` is read.
       phone: '+44-20-7946-0800',
       billing_address: { street: '20 Fenchurch Street', city: 'London', postalCode: 'EC3M 3BY', country: 'UK' },
+      office_location: { lat: 51.5113, lng: -0.0836 },
       website: 'https://lattice.example.com',
       tier: 'mid_market',
       segment: 'stable',
@@ -411,6 +428,7 @@ three regional teams (NA, EMEA, APAC).
       // blank.
       phone: '+65-6555-0900',
       billing_address: { street: '10 Marina Boulevard, #30-01', city: 'Singapore', postalCode: '018983', country: 'SG' },
+      office_location: { lat: 1.2797, lng: 103.8543 },
       website: 'https://apexlogistics.example.com',
       tier: 'enterprise',
       segment: 'net_new',
diff --git a/src/sales/views/forecast.view.ts b/src/sales/views/forecast.view.ts
index e90abfff8..c4c8f6eaf 100644
--- a/src/sales/views/forecast.view.ts
+++ b/src/sales/views/forecast.view.ts
@@ -36,7 +36,33 @@ export const ForecastViews = defineView({
       { field: 'period_start',  order: 'desc' },
       { field: 'owner_id',         order: 'asc' },
     ],
-    grouping: { fields: [{ field: 'period_label', order: 'desc' }] },
+    // Newest period first, each under a heading a manager can read (#2060
+    // item 11, C-09). A grouping field orders its groups by its OWN value, and
+    // nothing else: the spec's `GroupingFieldSchema` is `field` / `order` /
+    // `collapsed`, with no key that orders one field's groups by another. So
+    // grouping on the text `period_label` sorted the periods as text ("Sep
+    // 2026 → Q4 2026 → Q4 2025 …"). Hence two levels:
+    //
+    //   • `period_start` desc puts the periods in time order. Its heading is
+    //     the stored date as the console draws a date key today: raw
+    //     (`2026-10-01`, measured on 18.0.0-next.5), not the column's "Oct 1".
+    //   • `period_label` names the period under it ("Q4 2026"). It cannot be
+    //     dropped: a quarter and the month that opens it start on the same
+    //     day (Q4 2026 and Oct 2026), so `period_start` alone would put a
+    //     quarter's row and a month's row under one heading. `desc` puts the
+    //     quarter's heading ahead of that month's ("Q" sorts after every
+    //     month that opens a quarter).
+    //
+    // The single-level form (one heading per period, ordered by
+    // `period_start`, titled by `period_label`) is not expressible in the
+    // spec today; it is a platform gap, reported on the card rather than
+    // routed around here (AGENTS.md "Scope").
+    grouping: {
+      fields: [
+        { field: 'period_start', order: 'desc' },
+        { field: 'period_label', order: 'desc' },
+      ],
+    },
     pagination: { pageSize: 50 },
     appearance: { allowedVisualizations: ['grid'] },
   },
diff --git a/test/account-seed-locations.test.ts b/test/account-seed-locations.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..766803cb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/account-seed-locations.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 ObjectStack. Licensed under the Apache-2.0 license.
+
+import { describe, it, expect, beforeAll } from 'vitest';
+import type { VerifyStack } from '@objectstack/verify';
+import { valueSchemaFor } from '@objectstack/spec/data';
+import { CrmSeedData } from '../objectstack.composition';
+import { Account } from '../src/sales/objects/account.object';
+import { AccountViews } from '../src/sales/views/account.view';
+import { hotcrmStack } from './helpers/verify-stack';
+
+/**
+ * Every seeded account gives Accounts by Location a pin (#2060 item 15, A-13).
+ *
+ * The map view plots `crm_account.office_location`, a `Field.location`, and
+ * every seeded account left it blank, so the demo's map drew nothing and said
+ * "9 records with missing or invalid coordinates excluded from the map"
+ * (measured on 18.0.0-next.5). The seeds now carry each office's coordinates
+ * in the shape the field declares. This file holds them to it twice: against
+ * the field's own value contract (`valueSchemaFor`, ADR-0104), and as the
+ * booted app stores them, which is the value the map reads.
+ */
+
+type Rec = Record<string, any>;
+
+const accountSeed = CrmSeedData.find((s: Rec) => s.object === 'crm_account') as { records: Rec[] } | undefined;
+const records: Rec[] = accountSeed?.records ?? [];
+const map = (AccountViews.listViews as Rec).account_map as Rec;
+const locationField = map.map.locationField as string;
+
+describe('seeded accounts carry an office location (#2060 item 15)', () => {
+  it('the map plots the field the seeds fill', () => {
+    expect(map.type).toBe('map');
+    expect(locationField).toBe('office_location');
+    expect((Account.fields as Rec)[locationField].type).toBe('location');
+  });
+
+  it('every seeded account carries a value the field declares', () => {
+    expect(records.length, 'no seed dataset for crm_account').toBeGreaterThan(0);
+    const shape = valueSchemaFor((Account.fields as Rec)[locationField]);
+    const bad = records
+      .filter((r) => !shape.safeParse(r[locationField]).success)
+      .map((r) => `${r.name}: ${JSON.stringify(r[locationField])}`);
+    expect(bad, `accounts the map cannot plot:\n  ${bad.join('\n  ')}`).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  it('no two accounts share a pin', () => {
+    const pins = records.map((r) => `${r[locationField]?.lat},${r[locationField]?.lng}`);
+    expect(new Set(pins).size).toBe(records.length);
+  });
+
+  describe('as the booted app stores them', () => {
+    let verify: VerifyStack;
+    beforeAll(async () => {
+      verify = await hotcrmStack();
+    }, 120_000);
+
+    it('every seeded account is stored with its coordinates', async () => {
+      for (const seeded of records) {
+        const [row] = await verify.rows('crm_account', { name: seeded.name });
+        expect(row, `${seeded.name} was not seeded`).toBeDefined();
+        expect(row![locationField], seeded.name).toEqual(seeded[locationField]);
+      }
+    });
+  });
+});
diff --git a/test/forecast-list-grouping.test.ts b/test/forecast-list-grouping.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9fccb55bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/forecast-list-grouping.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 ObjectStack. Licensed under the Apache-2.0 license.
+
+import { describe, it, expect } from 'vitest';
+import { ForecastViews } from '../src/sales/views/forecast.view';
+import { Forecast } from '../src/sales/objects/forecast.object';
+
+/**
+ * All Forecasts lists its periods newest first, each under a heading a manager
+ * can read (#2060 item 11, C-09).
+ *
+ * The list grouped by the TEXT `period_label`, descending, so the periods ran
+ * as text: "Sep 2026 → Q4 2026 → Q4 2025 → Q3 2026 … → Oct 2026 → Aug 2026"
+ * (measured in the console on 18.0.0-next.5). A grouping field orders its
+ * groups by its own value and the spec offers no key to order one field's
+ * groups by another, so the view groups on two levels: `period_start`
+ * (a date, so `desc` is time order) and, under it, `period_label`, the heading
+ * that names the period. The second level is not decoration: a quarter and
+ * the month that opens it share a `period_start`, and without it their rows
+ * would sit under one heading.
+ *
+ * What the console draws from this declaration was measured in a browser and
+ * is recorded on the PR, not re-implemented here: the header rows and their
+ * order are the platform's (`compileListViewGroupQuery` and the grid's own
+ * sort over them). This file pins the app's half, the declaration.
+ */
+
+const allForecasts = ForecastViews.list as unknown as {
+  name: string;
+  sort: Array<{ field: string; order: string }>;
+  grouping: { fields: Array<{ field: string; order?: string }> };
+};
+
+describe('All Forecasts groups its periods in time order (#2060 item 11)', () => {
+  it('is the view this pin is about', () => {
+    expect(allForecasts.name).toBe('all_forecasts');
+  });
+
+  it('groups by Period Start, newest first, and names each period under it by its label', () => {
+    expect(allForecasts.grouping.fields.map((g) => [g.field, g.order])).toEqual([
+      ['period_start', 'desc'],
+      ['period_label', 'desc'],
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  it('the outer level is a date, so its descending order is time order, and the inner level is the text label', () => {
+    const fields = Forecast.fields as Record<string, { type: string }>;
+    expect(fields.period_start!.type).toBe('date');
+    expect(fields.period_label!.type).toBe('text');
+  });
+
+  it('the rows run in the same order as the groups', () => {
+    expect(allForecasts.sort[0]).toEqual({ field: 'period_start', order: 'desc' });
+  });
+});
diff --git a/test/hooks-runtime-sales.test.ts b/test/hooks-runtime-sales.test.ts
index 4b99efb3d..24dae49b9 100644
--- a/test/hooks-runtime-sales.test.ts
+++ b/test/hooks-runtime-sales.test.ts
@@ -6,6 +6,9 @@ import {
   hotcrmStack, signUpPerson, systemUpdate, recordEngineWrites, runShippedHook, today, daysFromNow, type Person,
 } from './helpers/verify-stack';
 import { hookNamed } from './helpers/composed-stack';
+import { Product } from '../src/revenue/objects/product.object';
+import { OpportunityLineItem } from '../src/revenue/objects/opportunity_line_item.object';
+import { QuoteLineItem } from '../src/revenue/objects/quote_line_item.object';
 
 type Rec = Record<string, any>;
 
@@ -1260,7 +1263,22 @@ describe('product_catalog', () => {
     expect((await adminProduct({ sku: `crm-pro-${n}`, list_price: 10 })).sku).toBe(`CRM-PRO-${n}`);
   });
 
-  it('refuses to delete a product referenced by any line item, historical included', async () => {
+  // The refusal counts what it names, LINE ITEMS, each count with its own
+  // plural and no zero listed, and it names the retirement field by its label
+  // (#2060 item 12, B-16: "referenced by 4 opportunity(ies) and 2 quote(s)"
+  // counted four lines on two deals as four deals). The nouns and the label
+  // are read off the objects, so a renamed label its refusal does not follow
+  // turns this red.
+  const lines = (n: number, object: Rec): string =>
+    `${n} ${(n === 1 ? object.label : object.pluralLabel).toLowerCase()}`;
+  const deleteRefusal = async (id: string): Promise<Rec> => {
+    const err = await verify.hooks.run('crm_product', 'delete', { id }, as(admin)).then(() => null, (e) => e);
+    expect(err).toMatchObject({ code: 'DELETE_RESTRICTED', status: 409 });
+    return err;
+  };
+  const retire = () => `To retire it instead, turn off ${(Product.fields as Rec).is_active.label}.`;
+
+  it('refuses to delete a product referenced by any line item, historical included, counting the lines', async () => {
     const product = await adminProduct({ list_price: 100 });
     const { opp } = await quoteParties();
     await verify.seed('crm_opportunity_line_item', [{ crm_opportunity: opp.id, crm_product: product.id, quantity: 1, unit_price: 100 }]);
@@ -1268,8 +1286,29 @@ describe('product_catalog', () => {
       const quote = await repQuotes();
       await verify.seed('crm_quote_line_item', [{ crm_quote: quote.id, crm_product: product.id, quantity: 1, unit_price: 100 }]);
     }
-    await expect(verify.hooks.run('crm_product', 'delete', { id: product.id }, as(admin)))
-      .rejects.toThrow(/referenced by 1 opportunity\(ies\) and 2 quote\(s\)/);
+    const err = await deleteRefusal(product.id);
+    expect(err.message).toBe(
+      `Cannot delete product: it is on ${lines(1, OpportunityLineItem)} and ${lines(2, QuoteLineItem)}. ${retire()}`,
+    );
+    expect(err.message).not.toMatch(/\(ies\)|\(s\)|is_active/);
+  });
+
+  it('counts three lines on one opportunity as three line items, and lists no zero', async () => {
+    const product = await adminProduct({ list_price: 100 });
+    const { opp } = await quoteParties();
+    for (let i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+      await verify.seed('crm_opportunity_line_item', [{ crm_opportunity: opp.id, crm_product: product.id, quantity: 1, unit_price: 100 }]);
+    }
+    expect((await deleteRefusal(product.id)).message).toBe(
+      `Cannot delete product: it is on ${lines(3, OpportunityLineItem)}. ${retire()}`,
+    );
+
+    const quoted = await adminProduct({ list_price: 100 });
+    const quote = await repQuotes();
+    await verify.seed('crm_quote_line_item', [{ crm_quote: quote.id, crm_product: quoted.id, quantity: 1, unit_price: 100 }]);
+    expect((await deleteRefusal(quoted.id)).message).toBe(
+      `Cannot delete product: it is on ${lines(1, QuoteLineItem)}. ${retire()}`,
+    );
   });
 
   it('allows deleting an unreferenced product', async () => {
diff --git a/test/hooks-runtime-service.test.ts b/test/hooks-runtime-service.test.ts
index 506233739..1b32a587d 100644
--- a/test/hooks-runtime-service.test.ts
+++ b/test/hooks-runtime-service.test.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 import { describe, it, expect, beforeAll, vi } from 'vitest';
 import type { VerifyStack } from '@objectstack/verify';
 import campaignHooks, { CAMPAIGN_METRIC_WRITE_KEYS } from '../src/marketing/objects/campaign.hook';
+import { Campaign } from '../src/marketing/objects/campaign.object';
 import leadHooks from '../src/sales/objects/lead.hook';
 import knowledgeArticlePublish from '../src/service/objects/knowledge_article.hook';
 import { knowledgeArticles } from '../src/service/data/service.seed';
@@ -380,14 +381,42 @@ describe('campaign_validation', () => {
   const marketerCampaign = (doc: Rec) =>
     verify.hooks.run('crm_campaign', 'insert', { name: `Launch ${++k}`, status: 'planning', ...doc }, as(marketer));
 
-  it('rejects a start_date after the end_date', async () => {
-    await expect(marketerCampaign({ start_date: '2026-06-01', end_date: '2026-01-01' })).rejects.toThrow(/must not be after end_date/);
+  // The refusals name each field by the label the form shows, never by its API
+  // key (#2060 item 12, C-11: "Campaign start_date (…) must not be after
+  // end_date (…)"). The labels are read off the object, so a renamed label
+  // that its refusal does not follow turns this red.
+  const label = (field: string): string => (Campaign.fields as Rec)[field].label;
+  const statusLabel = (value: string): string =>
+    ((Campaign.fields as Rec).status.options as Rec[]).find((o) => o.value === value)!.label;
+
+  it('rejects a Start Date after the End Date, naming both fields by their labels', async () => {
+    const err = await marketerCampaign({ start_date: '2026-06-01', end_date: '2026-01-01' }).then(() => null, (e) => e);
+    expect(err).toMatchObject({ code: 'VALIDATION_FAILED', status: 400 });
+    expect(err.message).toBe(
+      `The campaign's ${label('start_date')} (2026-06-01) must not be after its ${label('end_date')} (2026-01-01).`,
+    );
+    expect(err.message).not.toMatch(/start_date|end_date/);
+  });
+
+  it('refuses a campaign stored as In Progress without both dates, naming the status and the fields by their labels', async () => {
+    // Reachable on a real write: the hook runs before the engine's own
+    // required-field check, so an In Progress insert that leaves out a date
+    // meets this refusal, not the engine's (measured on 18.0.0-next.5).
+    for (const doc of [{ start_date: '2026-01-01' }, {}]) {
+      const err = await marketerCampaign({ status: 'in_progress', ...doc }).then(() => null, (e) => e);
+      expect(err).toMatchObject({ code: 'VALIDATION_FAILED', status: 400 });
+      expect(err.message).toBe(
+        `A campaign cannot be ${statusLabel('in_progress')} without both a ${label('start_date')} and an ${label('end_date')}.`,
+      );
+      expect(err.message).not.toMatch(/start_date|end_date|in_progress/);
+    }
   });
 
   it('a campaign without both dates cannot be stored at all', async () => {
     // Both dates are REQUIRED on `crm_campaign`, so the engine refuses a
-    // campaign missing one on every writer — the hook's own "no in_progress
-    // without both dates" rule never meets one.
+    // campaign missing one on every writer. The hook's own "not In Progress
+    // without both dates" rule meets one only on an In Progress insert, where
+    // it runs first (the case above); an update cannot clear a date at all.
     await expect(marketerCampaign({ start_date: '2026-01-01' })).rejects.toMatchObject({
       code: 'VALIDATION_FAILED',
       fields: expect.arrayContaining([expect.objectContaining({ field: 'end_date' })]),
diff --git a/test/line-item-cascade.test.ts b/test/line-item-cascade.test.ts
index 3358cbbfc..86ef64598 100644
--- a/test/line-item-cascade.test.ts
+++ b/test/line-item-cascade.test.ts
@@ -96,8 +96,8 @@ describe('the line-item objects declare cascade on their parent lookup', () => {
    * lookup on a line item". `crm_product` stays on the default, which the same
    * escalation turns into `restrict`: retiring a catalog product must never
    * shred the priced history of the deals that sold it. `product.hook.ts` says
-   * the same thing in its own `beforeDelete` ("Set is_active=false to retire
-   * instead"), and the engine-level answer below proves the restrict survives
+   * the same thing in its own `beforeDelete` ("To retire it instead, turn off
+   * Active"), and the engine-level answer below proves the restrict survives
    * independently of that hook.
    */
   it.each([