|
| 1 | +[CmdletBinding()] |
| 2 | +param( |
| 3 | + [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)][string]$RemoteHost, |
| 4 | + [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)][string]$Username, |
| 5 | + [int]$Port = 22, |
| 6 | + [ValidateSet('ed25519', 'rsa')][string]$KeyType = 'ed25519', |
| 7 | + [string]$KeyPath, |
| 8 | + [string]$HostAlias, |
| 9 | + [bool]$ManageServer = $true, |
| 10 | + [switch]$DryRun |
| 11 | +) |
| 12 | + |
| 13 | +$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop' |
| 14 | + |
| 15 | +# 解析主目录与 ~/.ssh 目录 |
| 16 | +$userHome = [Environment]::GetFolderPath('UserProfile') |
| 17 | +if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($userHome)) { |
| 18 | + if ($env:USERPROFILE -and $env:USERPROFILE.Trim().Length -gt 0) { $userHome = $env:USERPROFILE } |
| 19 | + elseif ($env:HOME -and $env:HOME.Trim().Length -gt 0) { $userHome = $env:HOME } |
| 20 | + else { try { $userHome = (Resolve-Path ~).Path } catch { $userHome = $pwd.Path } } |
| 21 | +} |
| 22 | +$sshDir = $null |
| 23 | +if ($userHome -and $userHome.Trim().Length -gt 0) { |
| 24 | + $sshDir = [System.IO.Path]::Combine($userHome, '.ssh') |
| 25 | +} |
| 26 | +else { |
| 27 | + $sshDir = [System.IO.Path]::Combine($pwd.Path, '.ssh') |
| 28 | +} |
| 29 | +if (-not $DryRun) { New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $sshDir -Force | Out-Null } |
| 30 | +if ($DryRun) { |
| 31 | + Write-Output ("HOME=" + $userHome); |
| 32 | + Write-Output ("SSHDir=" + $sshDir); |
| 33 | + Write-Output ("CombineTest=" + [System.IO.Path]::Combine('C:\\test', 'id_ed25519')); |
| 34 | + Write-Output ("KeyType=" + $KeyType) |
| 35 | + Write-Output ("CombineHomeSsh=" + [System.IO.Path]::Combine($userHome, '.ssh')) |
| 36 | + Write-Output ("CombineDefaultKey=" + [System.IO.Path]::Combine($userHome, '.ssh', ('id_' + $KeyType))) |
| 37 | + Write-Output ("RemoteHost=" + $RemoteHost) |
| 38 | +} |
| 39 | + |
| 40 | +# 依赖检测（ssh / ssh-keygen） |
| 41 | +if (-not (Get-Command ssh -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) { throw 'ssh not found. Please install OpenSSH client.' } |
| 42 | +if (-not (Get-Command ssh-keygen -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) { throw 'ssh-keygen not found. Please install OpenSSH client.' } |
| 43 | + |
| 44 | +# 计算密钥路径与公钥路径 |
| 45 | +$defaultKeyPath = [System.IO.Path]::Combine($userHome, '.ssh', ('id_' + $KeyType)) |
| 46 | +if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($KeyPath)) { $KeyPath = [System.IO.Path]::Combine($userHome, '.ssh', ('id_' + $KeyType)) } |
| 47 | +$pubPath = "${KeyPath}.pub" |
| 48 | +if ($DryRun) { Write-Output ("DefaultKeyPath=" + $defaultKeyPath); Write-Output ("KeyPath=" + $KeyPath); Write-Output ("PubPath=" + $pubPath) } |
| 49 | + |
| 50 | +# 生成密钥（若不存在） |
| 51 | +if (-not (Test-Path $KeyPath)) { |
| 52 | + $userLocal = if ($env:USER) { $env:USER } else { $env:USERNAME } |
| 53 | + $machineLocal = [Environment]::MachineName |
| 54 | + $comment = "$userLocal@$machineLocal" |
| 55 | + if ($DryRun) { |
| 56 | + Write-Output ("Generate key: " + $KeyPath + " type: " + $KeyType) |
| 57 | + } |
| 58 | + else { |
| 59 | + & ssh-keygen -t $KeyType -f $KeyPath -N "" -C $comment | Out-Null |
| 60 | + } |
| 61 | +} |
| 62 | + |
| 63 | +# 公钥准备（DryRun 时容忍不存在） |
| 64 | +$pubKeyOutput = $null |
| 65 | +if (Test-Path $pubPath) { |
| 66 | + $pubKeyOutput = (Get-Content -Path $pubPath -Raw).Trim() |
| 67 | +} |
| 68 | +else { |
| 69 | + if ($DryRun) { |
| 70 | + Write-Output ("Missing public key: " + $pubPath + " (will be created)") |
| 71 | + $pubKeyOutput = 'PUBKEY_PLACEHOLDER' |
| 72 | + } |
| 73 | + else { |
| 74 | + throw ("Public key not found: " + $pubPath) |
| 75 | + } |
| 76 | +} |
| 77 | + |
| 78 | +# Host 别名（用于 VSCode 配置） |
| 79 | +$aliasToWrite = $HostAlias |
| 80 | +if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($aliasToWrite)) { $aliasToWrite = "ssh-" + $RemoteHost } |
| 81 | +if ($DryRun) { Write-Output ("HostAlias=" + $aliasToWrite) } |
| 82 | + |
| 83 | +# 优先使用 ssh-copy-id（Linux/macOS 常见），回退到 ssh 远程命令 |
| 84 | +$hasCopyId = [bool](Get-Command ssh-copy-id -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) |
| 85 | +$login = $Username + '@' + $RemoteHost |
| 86 | +if ($hasCopyId) { |
| 87 | + if ($DryRun) { |
| 88 | + Write-Output ("ssh-copy-id -i '" + $pubPath + "' -p " + $Port + " " + $login) |
| 89 | + } |
| 90 | + else { |
| 91 | + & ssh-copy-id -i $pubPath -p $Port $login |
| 92 | + } |
| 93 | +} |
| 94 | +else { |
| 95 | + $hasScp = [bool](Get-Command scp -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) |
| 96 | + if ($hasScp) { |
| 97 | + $tmpRemote = "~/.__tmp_id_key.pub" |
| 98 | + if ($DryRun) { |
| 99 | + Write-Output ("scp -P " + $Port + " '" + $pubPath + "' " + $login + ":" + $tmpRemote) |
| 100 | + Write-Output ("ssh -p " + $Port + " " + $login + " mkdir -p ~/.ssh; chmod 700 ~/.ssh; cat " + $tmpRemote + " >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys; chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys; rm -f " + $tmpRemote) |
| 101 | + } |
| 102 | + else { |
| 103 | + & scp -P $Port $pubPath ($login + ":" + $tmpRemote) |
| 104 | + & ssh -p $Port $login ("mkdir -p ~/.ssh; chmod 700 ~/.ssh; cat " + $tmpRemote + " >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys; chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys; rm -f " + $tmpRemote) |
| 105 | + } |
| 106 | + } |
| 107 | + else { |
| 108 | + $remoteCmd = "mkdir -p ~/.ssh; chmod 700 ~/.ssh; echo '" + $pubKeyOutput + "' >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys; chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys" |
| 109 | + if ($DryRun) { |
| 110 | + Write-Output ("ssh -p " + $Port + " " + $login + " " + $remoteCmd) |
| 111 | + } |
| 112 | + else { |
| 113 | + & ssh -p $Port $login $remoteCmd |
| 114 | + } |
| 115 | + } |
| 116 | +} |
| 117 | + |
| 118 | +# 可选：远端服务/权限检查（不强制变更） |
| 119 | +if ($ManageServer) { |
| 120 | + $svcCheck = "if command -v systemctl >/dev/null 2>&1; then systemctl is-active ssh; systemctl is-active sshd; fi" |
| 121 | + if ($DryRun) { |
| 122 | + Write-Output ("ssh -p " + $Port + " " + $login + " " + $svcCheck) |
| 123 | + } |
| 124 | + else { |
| 125 | + try { & ssh -p $Port $login $svcCheck } catch { } |
| 126 | + } |
| 127 | + $macEnable = "if command -v systemsetup >/dev/null 2>&1; then sudo -n systemsetup -setremotelogin on; fi" |
| 128 | + if ($DryRun) { |
| 129 | + Write-Output ("ssh -p " + $Port + " " + $login + " " + $macEnable) |
| 130 | + } |
| 131 | + else { |
| 132 | + try { & ssh -p $Port $login $macEnable } catch { } |
| 133 | + } |
| 134 | +} |
| 135 | + |
| 136 | +# 验证已追加公钥 |
| 137 | +$verifyCmd = "grep -F '" + $pubKeyOutput + "' ~/.ssh/authorized_keys >/dev/null 2>&1 && echo OK || echo MISSING" |
| 138 | +if ($DryRun) { |
| 139 | + Write-Output ("ssh -p " + $Port + " " + $login + " " + $verifyCmd) |
| 140 | +} |
| 141 | +else { |
| 142 | + try { |
| 143 | + $verify = & ssh -p $Port $login $verifyCmd |
| 144 | + if (-not ($verify -match 'OK')) { throw "Failed to append public key to remote authorized_keys" } |
| 145 | + } |
| 146 | + catch { throw $_ } |
| 147 | +} |
| 148 | + |
| 149 | +# 写入 ~/.ssh/config（避免重复追加） |
| 150 | +$configFile = [System.IO.Path]::Combine($sshDir, 'config') |
| 151 | +if ($DryRun) { |
| 152 | + Write-Output ("Write ~/.ssh/config alias: " + $aliasToWrite) |
| 153 | + Write-Output ("ConfigFile=" + $configFile) |
| 154 | +} |
| 155 | +else { |
| 156 | + if (-not (Test-Path $configFile)) { New-Item -ItemType File -Path $configFile | Out-Null } |
| 157 | + $exists = $false |
| 158 | + if (Test-Path $configFile) { |
| 159 | + $exists = Select-String -Path $configFile -Pattern ("^Host\s+" + [regex]::Escape($Alias)) -Quiet |
| 160 | + } |
| 161 | + if (-not $exists) { |
| 162 | + $entry = "Host " + $aliasToWrite + "`n HostName " + $RemoteHost + "`n User " + $Username + "`n IdentityFile " + $KeyPath + "`n Port " + $Port + "`n PreferredAuthentications publickey" |
| 163 | + Add-Content -Path $configFile -Value $entry |
| 164 | + } |
| 165 | +} |
| 166 | + |
| 167 | +# 完成提示 |
| 168 | +Write-Output ("Done: use alias '" + $aliasToWrite + "'") |
| 169 | +<# |
| 170 | +.SYNOPSIS |
| 171 | + 跨平台 SSH 免密登录配置脚本 |
| 172 | +
|
| 173 | +.DESCRIPTION |
| 174 | + 自动化完成免密 SSH 的关键步骤： |
| 175 | + 1. 生成本机 SSH 密钥（若不存在，默认 ed25519） |
| 176 | + 2. 将公钥追加到远端用户的 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys 并修正权限 |
| 177 | + 3. 写入本机 ~/.ssh/config（VSCode 兼容的 Host 别名） |
| 178 | + 支持 DryRun 预览，将不会修改系统状态。 |
| 179 | +
|
| 180 | +.PARAMETER RemoteHost |
| 181 | + 目标主机的 IP 或域名，例如 192.168.1.10 或 server.local。 |
| 182 | +
|
| 183 | +.PARAMETER Username |
| 184 | + 目标主机登录用户名，例如 ubuntu、mac_user。 |
| 185 | +
|
| 186 | +.PARAMETER Port |
| 187 | + SSH 端口，默认 22。 |
| 188 | +
|
| 189 | +.PARAMETER KeyType |
| 190 | + 密钥类型：ed25519 或 rsa，默认 ed25519。 |
| 191 | +
|
| 192 | +.PARAMETER KeyPath |
| 193 | + 密钥路径，默认 ~/.ssh/id_{KeyType}。 |
| 194 | +
|
| 195 | +.PARAMETER HostAlias |
| 196 | + 写入 ~/.ssh/config 的 Host 别名，默认 ssh-{RemoteHost}。 |
| 197 | +
|
| 198 | +.PARAMETER ManageServer |
| 199 | + 是否执行远端服务/权限检查，默认 true（非强制变更）。 |
| 200 | +
|
| 201 | +.PARAMETER DryRun |
| 202 | + 仅输出将执行的操作，不进行实际更改。 |
| 203 | +
|
| 204 | +.EXAMPLE |
| 205 | + .\Setup-SshNoPasswd.ps1 -RemoteHost 192.168.1.10 -Username user |
| 206 | + 使用默认端口 22 与 ed25519，在本机生成密钥、将公钥追加到远端并写入 ~/.ssh/config。 |
| 207 | +
|
| 208 | +.EXAMPLE |
| 209 | + .\Setup-SshNoPasswd.ps1 -RemoteHost server.example.com -Username ubuntu -Port 2222 -Alias ssh-server -KeyType rsa |
| 210 | + 使用自定义端口与 rsa 密钥类型，并指定连接别名。 |
| 211 | +
|
| 212 | +.NOTES |
| 213 | + - 本机需安装 OpenSSH（ssh、ssh-keygen）。 |
| 214 | + - 远端需开启 SSH 登录且防火墙放行对应端口。 |
| 215 | +#> |
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