- "details": "A Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability has been identified in the Angular runtime and compiler. It occurs when the application uses a security-sensitive attribute (for example href on an anchor tag) together with Angular's ability to internationalize attributes. Enabling internationalization for the sensitive attribute by adding `i18n-<attribute>` name bypasses Angular's built-in sanitization mechanism, which when combined with a data binding to untrusted user-generated data can allow an attacker to inject a malicious script. \n\nThe following example illustrates the issue:\n```html\n<a href=\"{{maliciousUrl}}\" i18n-href>Click me</a>\n```\n\nThe following attributes have been confirmed to be vulnerable:\n- `action`\n- `background`\n- `cite`\n- `codebase`\n- `data`\n- `formaction`\n- `href`\n- `itemtype`\n- `longdesc`\n- `poster`\n- `src`\n- `xlink:href`\n\n### Impact\nWhen exploited, this vulnerability allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code within the context of the vulnerable application's domain. This enables:\n- Session Hijacking: Stealing session cookies and authentication tokens.\n- Data Exfiltration: Capturing and transmitting sensitive user data.\n- Unauthorized Actions: Performing actions on behalf of the user.\n\n### Attack Preconditions\n1. The application must use a vulnerable version of Angular.\n2. The application must bind unsanitized user input to one of the attributes mentioned above.\n3. The bound value must be marked for internationalization via the presence of a `i18n-<name>` attribute on the same element.\n\n### Patches\n- 22.0.0-next.3\n- 21.2.4\n- 20.3.18\n- 19.2.20\n\n### Workarounds\nThe primary workaround is to ensure that any data bound to the vulnerable attributes is **never sourced from untrusted user input** (e.g., database, API response, URL parameters) until the patch is applied, or when it is, it shouldn't be marked for internationalization.\n\nAlternatively, users can explicitly sanitize their attributes by passing them through Angular's `DomSanitizer`:\n```ts\nimport {Component, inject, SecurityContext} from '@angular/core';\nimport {DomSanitizer} from '@angular/platform-browser';\n\n@Component({\n template: `\n <form action=\"{{url}}\" i18n-action>\n <button>Submit</button>\n </form>\n `,\n})\nexport class App {\n url: string;\n\n constructor() {\n const dangerousUrl = 'javascript:alert(1)';\n const sanitizer = inject(DomSanitizer);\n this.url = sanitizer.sanitize(SecurityContext.URL, dangerousUrl) || '';\n }\n}\n```",
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