[3.14] pythongh-142595: add type check for namedtuple call during decimal initialization (pythonGH-142608) (pythonGH-142623)

(cherry picked from commit be5e0dc)

Co-authored-by: Sergey B Kirpichev <skirpichev@gmail.com>

Author: miss-islington

Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2025-12-12-02-56-26.gh-issue-142595.wHvTqq.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Added type check during initialization of the :mod:`decimal` module to
+prevent a crash in case of broken stdlib.  Patch by Sergey B Kirpichev.

Modules/_decimal/_decimal.c

@@ -6040,10 +6040,14 @@ _decimal_exec(PyObject *m)
 
     /* DecimalTuple */
     ASSIGN_PTR(collections, PyImport_ImportModule("collections"));
-    ASSIGN_PTR(state->DecimalTuple, (PyTypeObject *)PyObject_CallMethod(collections,
-                                 "namedtuple", "(ss)", "DecimalTuple",
-                                 "sign digits exponent"));
-
+    obj = PyObject_CallMethod(collections, "namedtuple", "(ss)", "DecimalTuple",
+                              "sign digits exponent");
+    if (!PyType_Check(obj)) {
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+                        "type is expected from namedtuple call");
+        goto error;
+    }
+    ASSIGN_PTR(state->DecimalTuple, (PyTypeObject *)obj);
     ASSIGN_PTR(obj, PyUnicode_FromString("decimal"));
     CHECK_INT(PyDict_SetItemString(state->DecimalTuple->tp_dict, "__module__", obj));
     Py_CLEAR(obj);