232.ImplementQueueusingStacks.md

232. Implement Queue using Stacks

• 232. Implement Queue using Stacks [Stack] [Design] [Easy]

Tags

• [Stack] [Design] [Easy]

Problem

Implement the following operations of a queue using stacks.

• push(x) -- Push element x to the back of queue.
• pop() -- Removes the element from in front of queue.
• peek() -- Get the front element.
• empty() -- Return whether the queue is empty.

Example:

MyQueue queue = new MyQueue();
queue.push(1);
queue.push(2);  
queue.peek();  // returns 1
queue.pop();   // returns 1
queue.empty(); // returns false

Notes:

• You must use only standard operations of a stack -- which means only push to top, peek/pop from top, size, and is empty operations are valid.
• Depending on your language, stack may not be supported natively. You may simulate a stack by using a list or deque (double-ended queue), as long as you use only standard operations of a stack.
• You may assume that all operations are valid (for example, no pop or peek operations will be called on an empty queue).

Solution

class MyQueue {
private:
    stack<int> s1, s2;
    
public:
    /** Push element x to the back of queue. */
    void push(int x) {
        while (!s1.empty()) {
            s2.push(s1.top());
            s1.pop();
        }
        s1.push(x);
        while (!s2.empty()) {
            s1.push(s2.top());
            s2.pop();
        }
    }
    
    /** Removes the element from in front of queue and returns that element. */
    int pop() {
        int result = s1.top();
        s1.pop();
        return result;
    }
    
    /** Get the front element. */
    int peek() {
        return s1.top();
    }
    
    /** Returns whether the queue is empty. */
    bool empty() {
        return s1.empty();
    }
};

Notes

• Use Stack, 20190217.

Related Problems

• 232. Implement Queue using Stacks [Stack] [Design] [Easy]