diff --git a/papers/Avocado_Update/Avocado_Update.Rmd b/papers/Avocado_Update/Avocado_Update.Rmd index ce2122a..39a1a65 100644 --- a/papers/Avocado_Update/Avocado_Update.Rmd +++ b/papers/Avocado_Update/Avocado_Update.Rmd @@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ author: - name: Aaron R. Caldwell affil: a email: caldwellaaron@uams.edu +thanks: true type: PREPRINT output: rticles::tf_article: @@ -45,8 +46,9 @@ header-includes: | } affiliation: - num: a + email: caldwellaaron@uams.edu address: | - Department of Biostatistics, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, Springdale, AR + Department of Biostatistics, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, Springdale, AR, editor_options: chunk_output_type: console --- @@ -73,7 +75,7 @@ Researchers routinely interpret non-significant p-values from a nil-hypothesis ( Equivalence testing provides a principled framework for evaluating whether an effect is small enough to be considered negligible. The two one-sided tests (TOST) procedure is the most widely used approach [@schuirmann1987]. Researchers specify an upper ($\Delta_U$) and lower ($\Delta_L$) equivalence bound based on the smallest effect size of interest (SESOI). Two one-sided tests then evaluate whether the observed effect falls within those bounds. If both tests reject at a pre-specified alpha level, the effect can be considered practically equivalent to zero [@lakens_ori]. -The TOSTER R package^[All updates to the package can be found on the package's website that I maintain ] was originally developed by @lakens_ori to introduce experimental psychologists to the concept of equivalence testing and provide an accessible implementation in R. The package provided dedicated functions for independent, paired, and one-sample t-tests, as well as correlations and meta-analytic equivalence tests. It has been widely adopted, with over 1000 citations to date. +The [TOSTER R package](https://aaroncaldwell.us/TOSTERpkg) was originally developed by @lakens_ori to introduce experimental psychologists to the concept of equivalence testing and provide an accessible implementation in R. The package provided dedicated functions for independent, paired, and one-sample t-tests, as well as correlations and meta-analytic equivalence tests. It has been widely adopted, with over 1000 citations to date. However, the original package had a number of limitations. It offered a function-per-design interface (separate functions for each t-test type), lacked robust alternatives, provided no support for ANOVA equivalence testing, and had no tools for comparing effect sizes across studies. Also, the package did not integrate with standard R workflows and usually just printed results to the console rather than returning objects that could be manipulated or plotted. diff --git a/papers/Avocado_Update/Avocado_Update.pdf b/papers/Avocado_Update/Avocado_Update.pdf index 82a2b2e..aa34631 100644 Binary files a/papers/Avocado_Update/Avocado_Update.pdf and b/papers/Avocado_Update/Avocado_Update.pdf differ diff --git a/papers/Avocado_Update/Avocado_Update.tex b/papers/Avocado_Update/Avocado_Update.tex index 28e4849..e408e4a 100644 --- a/papers/Avocado_Update/Avocado_Update.tex +++ b/papers/Avocado_Update/Avocado_Update.tex @@ -109,9 +109,11 @@ \author{\name{Aaron R. Caldwell$^{a}$} \affil{$^{a}$Department of Biostatistics, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, -Springdale, AR \url{https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4541-6283}} +Springdale, AR, \url{https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4541-6283}} } +\thanks{CONTACT Aaron R. +Caldwell. Email: \href{mailto:caldwellaaron@uams.edu}{\nolinkurl{caldwellaaron@uams.edu}}} \maketitle @@ -158,15 +160,13 @@ \section{Introduction}\label{introduction} pre-specified alpha level, the effect can be considered practically equivalent to zero \citep{lakens_ori}. -The TOSTER R package\footnote{All updates to the package can be found on - the package's website that I maintain - \url{https://aaroncaldwell.us/TOSTERpkg}} was originally developed by -\citet{lakens_ori} to introduce experimental psychologists to the -concept of equivalence testing and provide an accessible implementation -in R. The package provided dedicated functions for independent, paired, -and one-sample t-tests, as well as correlations and meta-analytic -equivalence tests. It has been widely adopted, with over 1000 citations -to date. +The \href{https://aaroncaldwell.us/TOSTERpkg}{TOSTER R package} was +originally developed by \citet{lakens_ori} to introduce experimental +psychologists to the concept of equivalence testing and provide an +accessible implementation in R. The package provided dedicated functions +for independent, paired, and one-sample t-tests, as well as correlations +and meta-analytic equivalence tests. It has been widely adopted, with +over 1000 citations to date. However, the original package had a number of limitations. It offered a function-per-design interface (separate functions for each t-test type), @@ -1061,13 +1061,13 @@ \subsection{Standardized Mean Difference ## g[rm]=('1'-'2')/SD_rm) ## ## data: extra by group -## z-observed = -0.78495, p-value = 0.9005 +## z-observed = -0.78495, p-value = 0.8954 ## alternative hypothesis: equivalence ## null values: ## lower bound upper bound ## -0.5 0.5 ## 90 percent confidence interval: -## -1.3215945 -0.4499223 +## -1.3018312 -0.4480945 ## sample estimates: ## SMD (g[rm]) ## -0.7513666 @@ -1156,13 +1156,13 @@ \subsection{Equivalence Tests for ## Bootstrapped Pearson's product-moment correlation (BCa) ## ## data: bugs$LDLF and bugs$LDHF -## N = 91, p-value = 0.9809 +## N = 91, p-value = 0.9787 ## alternative hypothesis: equivalence ## null values: ## correlation correlation ## 0.4 -0.4 ## 90 percent confidence interval: -## 0.4410134 0.6891551 +## 0.4360295 0.6916337 ## sample estimates: ## r ## 0.5767783 @@ -1175,8 +1175,8 @@ \subsection{Equivalence Tests for \end{Shaded} The Bootstrapped Pearson's product-moment correlation (BCa) is not -statistically significant (p = 0.981, r = 0.577, 90\% C.I.{[}0.441, -0.689{]}) at a 0.05 alpha-level. The null hypothesis cannot be rejected. +statistically significant (p = 0.979, r = 0.577, 90\% C.I.{[}0.436, +0.692{]}) at a 0.05 alpha-level. The null hypothesis cannot be rejected. 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